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BACKGROUND: In the realm of brain-computer interfaces (BCI), identifying emotions from electroencephalogram (EEG) data is a difficult endeavor because of the volume of data, the intricacy of the signals, and the several channels that make up the signals. NEW METHODS: Using dual-stream structure scaling and multiple attention mechanisms (LDMGEEG), a lightweight network is provided to maximize the accuracy and performance of EEG-based emotion identification. Reducing the number of computational parameters while maintaining the current level of classification accuracy is the aim. This network employs a symmetric dual-stream architecture to assess separately time-domain and frequency-domain spatio-temporal maps constructed using differential entropy features of EEG signals as inputs. RESULT: The experimental results show that after significantly lowering the number of parameters, the model achieved the best possible performance in the field, with a 95.18 % accuracy on the SEED dataset. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHODS: Moreover, it reduced the number of parameters by 98 % when compared to existing models. CONCLUSION: The proposed method distinct channel-time/frequency-space multiple attention and post-attention methods enhance the model's ability to aggregate features and result in lightweight performance.

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OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of parenteral omega 3 fatty acids (10% fatty acids) on respiratory parameters and outcome in ventilated patients with acute lung injury. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Patients were randomized into two groups - one receiving standard isonitrogenous isocaloric enteral diet and the second receiving standard diet supplemented with parenteral omega 3 fatty acids (Omegaven, Fresenius Kabi) for 14 days. Patients demographics, APACHE IV, Nutritional assessment and admission category was noted at the time of admission. No significant difference was found in nutritional variables (BMI, Albumin). Compared with baseline PaO(2)/FiO(2) ratio (control vs. drug group: 199 ± 124 vs. 145 ± 100; P = 0.06), by days 4, 7, and 14, patients receiving the drug did not show a significant improvement in oxygenation (PaO(2)/FiO(2): 151.83 ± 80.19 vs. 177.19 ± 94.05; P = 0.26, 145.20 ± 109.5 vs. 159.48 ± 109.89; P = 0.61 and 95.97 ± 141.72 vs. 128.97 ± 140.35; P = 0.36). However, the change in oxygenation from baseline to day 14 was significantly better in the intervention as compared to control group (145/129 vs. 199/95; P < 0.0004). There was no significant difference in the length of ventilation (LOV) and length of ICU stay (LOS). There was no difference in survival at 28 days. Also, there was no significant difference in the length of ventilation and ICU stay in the survivors group as compared to the non survivors group. CONCLUSIONS: In ventilated patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome, intravenous Omega 3 fatty acids alone do not improve ventilation, length of ICU stay, or survival.

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While asthmatics are known to have a greater response to bronchodilators than patients of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), whether the pattern of response also differs has not been explored. Forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1st second (FEV1) were measured before and 20 minutes after inhalation of 200 microg salbutamol in patients of bronchial asthma (n=133) and (COPD) (n=116). Three types of responses (defined as > or = 12% and 200 ml increase in FEV1 or FVC) were identified: increase in (i) only FVC (FVC response), (ii) only FEV1 (FEV1 response), and, (iii) both FVC and FEV1 (double response). The mean +/- SEM absolute increase in FEV1 was significantly greater in asthmatics (307+/-17ml) as compared to 120+/-12 ml in COPD patients (p<0.0001). On the other hand, the increase in FVC was not different in the two groups (296+/-22 ml and 230+/-24 ml, respectively, p>0.05). The proportion of subjects showing a > or = 200 ml increase in FEV1 was greater among asthmatics as compared to COPD (p<0.0001) but the proportions showing a > or = 200 ml in FVC were similar (p>0.05). All the three types of responses were observed in asthmatics with a double response being the commonest. In COPD, an FVC response was the predominant response while the FEV1 response was rare. Multinomial logistic regression revealed that younger subjects (below 45 years) were more likely to have a double or exclusive FEV1 response. Greater severity of obstruction was associated with higher odds for each of the three responses, the odds being especially very high for an exclusive FEV1 response. The odds for a double response and an exclusive FEV1 response were significantly increased in asthmatics as compared to COPD. For FVC response, age category and disease were not significant determinants. It was concluded that bronchodilator responsiveness in asthma and COPD differs not only quantitatively but also in the pattern.

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