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1.
Cureus ; 16(6): e62715, 2024 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39036107

RESUMEN

Introduction Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) constitutes a significant portion of pediatric malignancies, with central nervous system (CNS) relapse posing a considerable threat to patient outcomes. While cranial radiation therapy (CRT) has been utilized to mitigate CNS relapse, it is associated with neurocognitive (NC) side effects. This study explores the feasibility and safety of using volumetric arc therapy (VMAT) with hippocampal sparing (HS) during cranial radiation therapy for ALL patients, aiming to reduce these side effects. Methodology This prospective observational study included pediatric and young adult patients with ALL who were in remission. HS was achieved using VMAT, and NC assessments were performed at baseline, six months, one year, and, to a limited extent, four years posttreatment. Results VMAT enabled precise hippocampal-sparing CRT with minimal dose to the hippocampus. Dosimetric analysis revealed that patients receiving 18 Gy had mean doses to planning target volume (PTV) and bilateral hippocampus of 18.9 and 9 Gy, respectively. Those receiving 12 Gy had corresponding doses of 13.3 and 7 Gy, respectively. Conformity and homogeneity indices were 0.9 and 0.1, and no brain relapses were observed among the patients in this study. NC assessments demonstrated no decline in intelligence quotient (IQ) scores over time, while only a subset of patients could be assessed at the four-year mark; telephone interviews suggested no significant cognitive decline. Conclusions This study highlights the potential of VMAT with HS as a promising approach to CRT for ALL patients in reducing the risk of NC side effects. The absence of brain relapses and preservation of NC function are encouraging findings, though larger studies are necessary to establish conclusive evidence.

2.
J Pediatr Orthop B ; 30(5): 471-477, 2021 Sep 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33234839

RESUMEN

This study was done to identify how well clinical scores and their sub-scores correlate with the radiographic parameters in idiopathic clubfoot. We studied 76 patients of idiopathic clubfoot who are from 5 months to 12 months of age. Deformity was assessed clinically with Pirani and Dimeglio scores and radiologically using eight parameters. Correlation between clinical and radiological scores was studied. All the eight radiological parameters were showing statistically significant correlation with clinical scores - both Pirani and Dimeglio scores. The mean total Pirani score at the time of X-ray was 2.31 with a SD of 1.58 (N = 118 minimum score = 0 and maximum score = 5.5), whereas the mean radiographic score was 3.67 with a SD of 2.1 (N = 118, minimum score = 0, maximum score = 8). The mean total Dimeglio score at the time of X-ray was 9.03 with a SD of 3.54 (N = 118, minimum score = 4 and maximum score = 15), whereas the mean total radiographic score was 3.67 with a SD of 2.1 (N = 118, minimum score = 0, maximum score = 8). Clinical scores correlate well with radiological parameters in infants with idiopathic clubfoot and hence the routine use of radiographs can be avoided in evaluation and follow-up thereby avoiding exposure to radiation.


Asunto(s)
Pie Equinovaro , Moldes Quirúrgicos , Pie Equinovaro/diagnóstico por imagen , Estudios Transversales , Humanos , Lactante , Radiografía
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