RESUMEN
A new polyene pigment, melanocrocin, has been isolated either from fruit bodies or mycelial cultures of the subterranean fungus Melanogaster broomeianus. The structure of the pigment was determined by spectroscopic methods and chemical transformations. Melanocrocin is the N-acyl derivative of L-phenylalanine methyl ester with a polyolefinic carboxylic acid.
Asunto(s)
Basidiomycota/química , Fenilalanina/química , Polienos/química , Cromatografía en Capa Delgada , Espectroscopía de Resonancia Magnética , Modelos Moleculares , Conformación Molecular , Estructura Molecular , Fenilalanina/análogos & derivados , Fenilalanina/aislamiento & purificación , Polienos/aislamiento & purificación , Espectrometría de Masa por Ionización de Electrospray/métodosRESUMEN
Two antimicrobial metabolites were isolated from submerged cultures of Cladobotryum rubrobrunnescens, a mycophilic fungus growing on a Inocybe species. One of the compounds proved to be identical to flavipucine (2), an antibiotic previously isolated from Aspergillus flavipes (Casinovi et al., 1968) and from a Macrophoma species (Sassa T. and Onuma Y. (1983), Agric. Biol. Chem. 47, 1155-1157). The other metabolite, brunnescin (1), is a new tetrasubstituted furan derivative which exhibits antibacterial, antifungal and cytotoxic effects.
Asunto(s)
Antibacterianos/química , Supervivencia Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Hongos Mitospóricos , Animales , Antibacterianos/aislamiento & purificación , Bacterias/efectos de los fármacos , Línea Celular , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión , Fermentación , Hongos/efectos de los fármacos , Furanos/química , Furanos/aislamiento & purificación , Furanos/toxicidad , Humanos , Leucemia L1210 , Leucemia Basofílica Aguda , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda , Ratones , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Hongos Mitospóricos/aislamiento & purificación , Hongos Mitospóricos/fisiología , Estructura Molecular , Piridonas/química , Piridonas/aislamiento & purificación , Piridonas/toxicidad , Ratas , Células Tumorales CultivadasRESUMEN
Three new inhibitors of cholesterol biosynthesis have been isolated from cultures of Xerula melanotricha and their structures elucidated by spectroscopic methods. Dihydroxerulin (1) in admixture with xerulin (2) strongly inhibits the incorporation of 14C- acetate into cholesterol in HeLa cells while the incorporation of 14C-mevalonate is not affected. Xerulinic acid (3) shows similar biological activities but a higher cytotoxicity.
Asunto(s)
Agaricales/metabolismo , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Anticolesterolemiantes/farmacología , Lactonas/farmacología , Animales , Antibacterianos/química , Antibacterianos/aislamiento & purificación , Anticolesterolemiantes/química , Anticolesterolemiantes/aislamiento & purificación , Bacterias/efectos de los fármacos , Diinos , Fermentación , Hongos/efectos de los fármacos , Células HeLa , Humanos , Lactonas/química , Lactonas/aislamiento & purificación , Espectroscopía de Resonancia Magnética , Masculino , Conformación Molecular , Estructura Molecular , Ratas , Ratas EndogámicasRESUMEN
Two new antifungal (E)-beta-methoxyacrylates, strobilurin C and oudemansin B, were isolated from cultures of Xerula longipes and Xerula melanotricha. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods. Both antibiotics inhibit the growth of a wide variety of saprophytic and phytopathogenic fungi at very low concentrations. Like strobilurins A, B, and oudemansin A the new metabolites are potent inhibitors of respiration.