RESUMEN
With the approval of trastuzumab (Herceptin) in 1998, a new era of breast cancer treatment has been heralded. This antibody is directed at the intracellular domain of a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor family, the so-called HER2 receptor. About 25-30% of all breast cancers overexpress this factor, which is associated with a more unfavorable prognosis. Trastuzumab is indicated for patients whose tumor overexpresses HER2. All previous studies on the adjuvant therapy with trastuzumab show very consistent results and provide evidence that the risk of recurrence can be reduced by half by the antibody. Nevertheless, there are still numerous open and controversially discussed questions concerning the use of trastuzumab in adjuvant therapy.
Asunto(s)
Anticuerpos Monoclonales/administración & dosificación , Antineoplásicos Hormonales/administración & dosificación , Neoplasias de la Mama/tratamiento farmacológico , Anticuerpos Monoclonales Humanizados , Quimioterapia Adyuvante/métodos , Quimioterapia Adyuvante/tendencias , Femenino , Humanos , TrastuzumabRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To determine characteristics and clinical course of high-grade anogenital intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected women. STUDY DESIGN: HIV-positive women with biopsy-proven high-grade (II and III) vulvar (VIN), vaginal (VAIN) or perianal intraepithelial neoplasia (PAIN) were identified in the electronic databases of 2 colposcopy clinics. RESULTS: A total of 31 patients were identified from 1992 to 2007, of which 30 had a mean follow-up of 47.7 months (SD = 46.0; range, 2.6-166.2). Of the patients, 77.4% had VIN, 12.9% VAIN and 9.7% PAIN at first diagnosis. Age at diagnosis of IN was 36.2 years (SD +/- 5.2; range, 23.5-47.0). Ninety percent of patients received antiretroviral therapy at first diagnosis of IN; 65% (13 of 20) of patients with a follow-up of > 2 years required a second treatment, and 2 developed invasive vulvar cancer (10%). CONCLUSION: AIN among HIV-positive women shows a high relapse rate despite treatment modality used and a substantial invasive potential.