RESUMEN
The rural population is potentially exposed to several environmental risks. Environmental risk management is a recurring challenge in rural educational communities that are far from large urban areas. Assessing and identifying the knowledge on prevention and response to environmental risks and natural disasters is fundamental for planning and designing educational programs for communities to face disasters. This article presented the practical application of a participatory methodology to obtain information about the knowledge and experience in the prevention and attention of environmental threats and natural disasters in the rural school Las Huacas, village of Quintana, municipality of Popayán, in the region of Cauca, Colombia. The diagnosis methodology consisted of three phases: preparatory, fieldwork and analytical. The participatory diagnosis allowed the construction of instruments and tools for social interaction, the conduction of dynamic workshops and the systematisation of the collected information. The results evidenced the lack of knowledge on environmental disasters and how parents and children must face them. The absence of communication facilities implied a high degree of vulnerability, which was compensated with the awareness, commitment and participation in the processes led by the educational community. The next challenge is the participatory construction of a scholar environmental risk-management plan supported on appropriated information and communication technologies. Contribution: This article presents the practical application of a participatory methodology to obtain information about the rural context and the knowledge and experience in the prevention and attention of environmental threats and natural disasters in a rural school in Cauca, Colombia.
RESUMEN
The use of a variety of techniques based on super-resolution (SR) microscopy unveiled a close and complex relationship between cytoskeleton reorganization and SOCE. By using SR microscopy many new proteins involved in SOCE regulation have been identified over the last few years. Many enigmas remain unsolved in this highly dynamic field, however, recent developments in SR microscopy promise new answers soon. In the present review, we describe the most relevant findings in SOCE components and SOCE modulation using different methods derived from SR microscopy.
Asunto(s)
Calcio , Microscopía , Calcio/metabolismo , Señalización del Calcio/fisiología , Proteína ORAI1/metabolismo , Molécula de Interacción Estromal 1/metabolismoRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: A prospective phase II study was conducted to assess the clinical activity and tolerability of oxaliplatin, capecitabine, and radiotherapy (RT) for neoadjuvant therapy of stages II-III rectal cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients with histologically confirmed stages II-III (T3-T4 and/or N+) resectable rectal adenocarcinoma were eligible. Capecitabine was administered at 825 mg/m(2) twice daily for 5 days/week and oxaliplatin at 50 mg/m(2) on day 1 weekly for 5 weeks starting the first day of RT (before RT). RT consisted of a total dose of 45 Gy delivered in 25 fractions of 1.8 Gy, 5 days per week, for 5 weeks. RESULTS: A total of 46 patients were included (35 male, 10 female, median age 62 years). TNM Stage was T3 in 43 patients and T4 in 2. Twenty-eight patients had suspected nodal involvement. The intended chemoradiation treatment was completed in 94 % patients. Grade 3/4 toxicity included lymphocytopenia (6 patients), diarrhea (4 patients), emesis (2 patients), asthenia (3 patients), anorexia (1 patient), and hepatic toxicity (1 patient). Grade 1 neurotoxicity occurred in 18 patients, Grade 2 neurotoxicity in 3, and Grade 1 palmoplantar erythrodysesthesia in 2. Forty-two patients underwent surgery (complete resection 95 %, sphincter-saving operation 55 %). The overall pathologic response rate was 83 %, with a pathologic complete response (pCR) rate of 11.9 % (95 % CI 4.0-25.6). CONCLUSIONS: The pCR rate observed with oxaliplatin plus capecitabine and RT did not reach the pre-specified criteria of efficacy in this trial, which is in line with recent results of randomized phase III trials.