RESUMEN
Because of intensive growth of the prevalence of multiple sclerosis (MS) and other autoimmune diseases (AID) during the last years, the comorbidity of MS and AID is not a rarity. In this literature review, the development of comorbid AID in patients with MS is considered to be the probable complication of disease modifying therapy with drugs of different groups. The authors present the own data on the prevalence of comorbid autoimmune pathology in patients with MS treated with disease modifying drugs.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades Autoinmunes/inducido químicamente , Factores Inmunológicos/uso terapéutico , Esclerosis Múltiple/tratamiento farmacológico , Comorbilidad , Humanos , Factores Inmunológicos/efectos adversos , PrevalenciaRESUMEN
A total of 136 patients with open mandibular fractures were examined, 53 of these at risk of inflammatory complications in the posttraumatic period. Analysis of the wound cytology, hematological changes, local and system immunity reactions suggest that phagocytosis dysfunction, imbalance of local immunity factors (primarily production, complex formation, and secretion of serum IgA) are significant factors in the development of posttraumatic immune deficiency. Statistical analysis showed clear-cut correlation between local immunity parameters (serum IgA, salivary IgG, levels of circulating immune complexes and medium-weight molecules in the saliva) and hematological values (leukocyte and lymphocyte counts, leukocytic intoxication index, and Rietes coefficient), which confirmed the reliability of prediction of inflammatory complications and necessity of immunocorrection in this patient population.
Asunto(s)
Curación de Fractura/inmunología , Fracturas Abiertas/diagnóstico , Fracturas Abiertas/inmunología , Fracturas Mandibulares/diagnóstico , Fracturas Mandibulares/inmunología , Adolescente , Adulto , Complejo Antígeno-Anticuerpo/sangre , Fracturas Abiertas/complicaciones , Humanos , Inmunoglobulina A/sangre , Inmunoglobulina G/análisis , Masculino , Fracturas Mandibulares/complicaciones , Persona de Mediana Edad , Pronóstico , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Saliva/inmunologíaRESUMEN
Despite great differences in the patients with complicated and uncomplicated mandibular fractures, the activity of serum transaminases reflects the severity of damage to osteomuscular tissue and time course of development of inflammatory reaction. The leukocytic intoxication index (LII) characterizes stress reaction of the blood system during the first hours and development of inflammation in later periods of the posttraumatic period. The ratio of de Ritis coefficient/LII indicates the level of endogenous intoxication, cell membrane permeability, development and time course of the inflammatory process. Hence, these parameters are diagnostically and prognostically significant for predicting the outcome of the posttraumatic period and serve as criteria for development of optimal treatment algorithms.
Asunto(s)
Fracturas Abiertas/sangre , Recuento de Leucocitos , Fracturas Mandibulares/sangre , Transaminasas/sangre , Adolescente , Adulto , Curación de Fractura/fisiología , Fracturas Abiertas/complicaciones , Fracturas Abiertas/fisiopatología , Humanos , Inflamación/sangre , Inflamación/etiología , Masculino , Fracturas Mandibulares/complicaciones , Fracturas Mandibulares/fisiopatología , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
The effect of combined application of thymalin and plaferon in the prophylaxis and treatment of traumatic syndrome has been investigated in rats. The survival rate was taken as the criterion of efficiency, the mechanism of the effect obtained being estimated at the level of immunological protective factors. Traumatic shock was induced by Kennon's method in Wistar male rats weighing 200-250 g. Post-traumatic syndrome has been observed within 7 days. The combined application of thymalin and plaferon has increased the survival rate twice within the first 7 days. Immunomodulating effect of the combined application of thymalin and plaferon on the 7th day of traumatic syndrome was most marked at the level of total T-lymphocyte population, theophylline-sensitive T suppressors and lysozyme blood serum activity.
Asunto(s)
Adyuvantes Inmunológicos/uso terapéutico , Choque Traumático/terapia , Animales , Complejo Antígeno-Anticuerpo/análisis , Evaluación Preclínica de Medicamentos , Quimioterapia Combinada , Interferón Tipo I/uso terapéutico , Masculino , Ratas , Ratas Endogámicas , Choque Traumático/inmunología , Choque Traumático/mortalidad , Linfocitos T/efectos de los fármacos , Linfocitos T/inmunología , Hormonas del Timo/uso terapéutico , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
The reaction of Peyer's patches to trauma manifests in: 1) vascular changes; 2) primary or stressor cells shifts recordable in traumatic shock, characterized by depletion of patch follicles by minor lymphocytes; 3) secondary changes associated with the onset of reparative processes; 4) the increased macrophagal activity detectable during the entire period of the traumatic shock and in the early post-shock period. It is suggested that changes seen may be due to endotoxin that penetrates from the intestine.