Asunto(s)
Portador Sano/microbiología , Infección Hospitalaria/transmisión , Brotes de Enfermedades , Alta del Paciente , Pediatría , Infecciones Estafilocócicas/transmisión , Síndrome Estafilocócico de la Piel Escaldada/transmisión , Infección Hospitalaria/epidemiología , Humanos , Recién Nacido , Infecciones Estafilocócicas/epidemiología , Síndrome Estafilocócico de la Piel Escaldada/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
Microproteinuria was assessed by the measurement of albumin, retinol binding protein (RBP) and creatinine concentrations in random midstream urine samples using a single enzyme linked immunoassay (ELISA) in 36 children with vesicoureteric reflux (VUR) and 36 control patients. Infection was excluded by culture and microscopy of the specimens of urine. No patient was hypertensive. Albumin excretion increased in patients with increasing severity of VUR and with renal scarring. Similar findings were observed with RBP excretion. The results show that glomerular and tubular handling of proteins is altered in VUR. The degree of microproteinuria correlates well with the severity of the VUR and is evidence of tubular dysfunction. The effects of medical management and anti-reflux surgery on microproteinuria require further evaluation.
Asunto(s)
Proteinuria/complicaciones , Reflujo Vesicoureteral/complicaciones , Adolescente , Albuminuria/complicaciones , Niño , Preescolar , Humanos , Lactante , Recién Nacido , Proteinuria/fisiopatología , Proteínas de Unión al Retinol/orina , Reflujo Vesicoureteral/orinaRESUMEN
A pit in fluviatile gravel of the River Ouse at the western edge of the East Anglian fenland has exposed several richly organic beds of Last-glacial age. A radiocarbon date of 42 000 years from one bed confirms the terrace stratigraphy in placing the beds in a fairly early part of the Weichselian. The organic beds are succeeded by cryoturbation phenomena and ice wedge casts, indicating a severely cold climate with permafrost. The beds represent former pools on the flood-plain into which plant detritus was washed from the surroundings, chiefly by melt water in the spring. Pollen is sparse, but the macroscopic plant remains indicate a vegetation dominated by dwarf willows, accompanied by many herbs of base-rich, open habitats. Identification of the macrofossils is discussed and comments are made on the ecology and taxonomy of important species. The flora contains a mixture of northern and southern distributional types, the southern including species requiring a July mean temperature approaching 16 °C. Halophytes are frequent, and four species are considered to be obligate halophytes and to demonstrate the presence of salt in the substrate. The plant mixtures are explained as a result of the peculiarly open habitats of the glacial landscape and of the climate, which appears to have had warm summers and very cold winters, with a mean annual temperature slightly below 0 °C, resulting in discontinuous permafrost.