RESUMEN
We retrospectively studied pre-eclampsia rate and obstetric outcome in a cohort of 436 pregnancies amongst 318 women of different ethnic backgrounds attending an antenatal hypertension clinic from 1980-1997, identifying 152 women (213 pregnancies) with chronic essential hypertension. The ethnic breakdown was: White, 64 (30.0%) pregnancies in 48 (31.5%) women; Black/Afro-Caribbean, 79 (37.1%) pregnancies in 56 (36.8%) women; and Indo-Asians, 70 (32.3%) pregnancies in 48 (31.6%) women. The prevalences of pre-eclampsia in White, Black and Indo-Asian women were 17.2%, 12.7% and 18.6%, respectively (p = 0.58). Pregnancies of Indo-Asian women were of shorter gestation, and babies in this group also had lower birth weight and ponderal index compared to those of White and Black women (all p < 0.05). The proportions of overall perinatal mortality were 1.6% for Whites (1/64), 3.8% for Blacks (3/79) and 10.0% for Indo-Asians (7/70), suggesting increased risk in the Indo-Asian group. Indo-Asian women with chronic essential hypertension need careful antenatal care and observation during pregnancy.
Asunto(s)
Hipertensión/etnología , Preeclampsia/etnología , Complicaciones Cardiovasculares del Embarazo/etnología , África/etnología , Asia/etnología , Peso al Nacer , Cesárea/estadística & datos numéricos , Estudios de Cohortes , Urgencias Médicas , Inglaterra/epidemiología , Femenino , Humanos , Recién Nacido , Recién Nacido Pequeño para la Edad Gestacional , Embarazo , Resultado del Embarazo , Prevalencia , Estudios Retrospectivos , Salud Urbana/estadística & datos numéricos , Indias Occidentales/etnología , Población BlancaRESUMEN
Fifty-three diabetic patients with mild hypertension were allocated to a treatment diet with a high fibre, low fat and low sodium dietary regime or a control diet. After a 1-month treatment period, the modified-diet treated group (n = 35) showed a highly significant reduction in mean diastolic blood pressure (P less than 0.001) accompanied by significant reduction in urinary sodium excretion (P less than 0.01). The mean values of diastolic pressure (P less than 0.05) and urinary sodium/potassium ratio (P less than 0.01) were also significantly reduced at 1 month compared to control. White (n = 16) and West Indian (n = 10) diabetic hypertensive patients demonstrated a similar significant hypotensive response (P less than 0.05 and less than 0.01 respectively) with reduction in urinary sodium excretion to the modified diet. In contrast, Asian patients demonstrated no significant changes. Treatment of hypertension in diabetic subjects with a high fibre, low fat and low sodium dietary regimen may have a hypotensive response after a period of 1 month and there is a similar response in both black and white ethnic groups. Further observation of these patients will determine long-term response and compliance.
Asunto(s)
Complicaciones de la Diabetes , Dieta Hiposódica , Grasas de la Dieta/administración & dosificación , Fibras de la Dieta/administración & dosificación , Hipertensión/dietoterapia , Adulto , Asia/etnología , Población Negra , Inglaterra , Femenino , Humanos , Hipertensión/complicaciones , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Indias Occidentales/etnología , Población BlancaRESUMEN
A screening survey was conducted among factory workers, aged 15-64 years, in Birmingham, England to investigate ethnic differences in blood pressure. One-thousand and forty-nine subjects (784 men, 265 women) were screened, representing 79% of the eligible population. Mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures generally did not differ between men of black West Indian (n = 173), local white (n = 439) or Asian (n = 172) origin, when matched by 10-year age groups. Analysis of covariance using age as the covariate revealed that, overall, Asian men had significantly lower systolic but higher diastolic pressures than the other ethnic groups. The proportion of men arbitrarily defined as hypertensive (greater than or equal to 160 mmHg systolic or greater than or equal to 95 diastolic or blood pressures below this figure whilst receiving antihypertensive therapy) was 26% of West Indians, 22% of whites and 17% of Asians, but these were not significantly different when age was accounted for. Black West Indian women (n = 101) did have higher diastolic pressure than white women (n = 164), but this difference was dependent on body mass index. Overall, systolic pressures in women were not significantly different. These findings differ from those consistently reported from the United States.
Asunto(s)
Población Negra , Presión Sanguínea , Población Blanca , Adolescente , Adulto , Factores de Edad , Asia/etnología , Inglaterra , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Indias Occidentales/etnologíaRESUMEN
Four-hundred and twenty-eight school leavers of 3 ethnic groups (white, black and Asian) were screened for blood pressure, resting pulse rate and general anthropometric characteristics. Asian pupils were both shorter and lighter than the other two groups whilst black males were heavier and taller. There was no significant difference in the mean systolic or diastolic blood pressure between the 3 groups, although the black pupils had a stronger family history of hypertension, particularly on the mother's side. These observations differ in some respects from other ethnic blood pressure studies and establish values for the local population.