RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Small-scale farmers often take a double hit from pests such as tephritid fruit-flies. The high price of products against fruit-flies, together with the higher risk of reinfestation from neighboring orchards, limits options for control. Therefore, management requires low-cost local products and concerted action. Peach production in central Bolivia is increasingly affected by invasive Ceratitis capitata. To provide locally sustainable techniques that could incentivize area-wide cooperation of growers, we tested efficiency and specificity of low-cost lures and traps compared with commercial lures and traps (Tephritrap). RESULTS: In the laboratory, the local fermented beverage 'chicha' and baker's yeast were equally or more attractive than commercial lures. Both chicha and baker's yeast trapped more flies in field (average FTD 10.31 and 9.49), whereas commercially hydrolyzed protein lure (4.71) or Torula yeast (6.82). However, many non-target species were caught (57.3% and 53.4%). Of the six PET bottles-based traps used, the T-trap caught a similar number of flies (average FTD 5.55), but fewer beneficial insects (0.16) compared to the Tephritrap (0.92). CONCLUSIONS: This study provides fruit growers with an economical and effective method to capture large numbers of C. capitata, suitable to be part of integrated pest management programs for fruit fly control. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
Asunto(s)
Ceratitis capitata , Control de Insectos/métodos , Animales , Bioensayo , Especies Introducidas , Desarrollo SostenibleRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To detect serological evidence of B burgdorferi infection in individuals from Mexico City and from the Northeast Region of the country. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A representative sample size of serum from Mexico City and the states of the Northeast of Mexico were taken from serum samples corresponding to the 1987-1988 national survey were obtained from the National Serum Bank. Antibodies against B burgdorferi were detected by ELISA and confirmed with Western blot (WB) assays. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. RESULTS: A total of 2,346 serum samples were tested; 297 (12.6%) were positive for ELISA, and 122 of 297 were confirmed by WB. Seroprevalence was 3.43% in Mexico City and 6.2% in the Northeast region of the country. Tamaulipas was the state with the highest seroprevalence. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of seropositive cases shows that borrelial infection is present in the northeast of Mexico and Mexico City. Identification of clinical cases and infected tick vectors is necessary to confirm the presence of Lyme disease in Mexico.
Asunto(s)
Borrelia burgdorferi , Enfermedad de Lyme/epidemiología , Borrelia burgdorferi/inmunología , Humanos , Inmunoglobulina G/sangre , Enfermedad de Lyme/sangre , México/epidemiología , Prevalencia , Estudios Seroepidemiológicos , Salud UrbanaRESUMEN
OBJETIVO: Investigar mediante métodos serológicos la infección por B burgdorferi en individuos del Distrito Federal y la zona noreste de México. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se obtuvo una muestra representativa de sueros del Distrito Federal y la zona noreste de México, obtenidas en la Encuesta Seroepidemiológica Nacional de 1987-1988. Se detectaron anticuerpos IgG vs B burgdorferi por ELISA, confirmados con Western blot. En este trabajo se utilizó estadística descriptiva. RESULTADOS: Fueron estudiados 2 346 sueros; 297 (12.6 por ciento) fueron positivos por inmunoensayo enzimático, y 122/297 fueron confirmados por Western blot. La seroprevalencia fue de 3.43 por ciento en el Distrito Federal y 6.2 por ciento en la zona noreste del país. Tamaulipas fue el estado con la seroprevalencia más alta. CONCLUSIONES: La prevalencia de casos seropositivos sugieren que la infección por B burgdorferi ocurre en el noreste de México y el Distrito Federal. Es necesario identificar casos clínicos y buscar el vector infectado para confirmar la presencia de la enfermedad de Lyme en México