RESUMEN
The relationship between Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and preeclampsia was examined longitudinally among 205 cases and 423 normotensive controls nested within the Collaborative Perinatal Project. Antibodies were analyzed at a first prenatal visit (mean 14.2 weeks) and at delivery. Prenatal infections were identified as IgG/IgM seroconversion or a four-fold rise in IgG antibody titers. Although serological evidence of incident prenatal CT infection was uncommon (n=9, 1.4%) in this general pregnant population, infected women were more likely to develop preeclampsia, after adjustment for maternal age, body mass index, smoking status, race and time between blood draws (ORadj 7.2, 95% CI 1.3 - 39.7).
RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To measure the relationships between soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt1), soluble endoglin (sEng) and preeclampsia. STUDY DESIGN: We utilized a nested case-control study comprised of 211 preeclamptic women and 213 normotensive women with primiparous singleton pregnancies enrolled from ≥13 and <27 gestational weeks among the Danish National Birth Cohort of 100,000 women. Relationships between sFlt1, sEng and preeclampsia were estimated using smoothing splines in generalized linear models, adjusting for maternal age, body mass index, pre-existing hypertension, smoking, and gestational age. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Preeclampsia was confirmed by an International Classification of Diseases (ICD) discharge diagnosis of 637.03, 637.04 637.09, 637.19 (ICD-8) or DO14 to DO15 (ICD-10) in the National Hospital Discharge Registry. In this sample, few cases delivered small for gestational age infants (8.1%) and the mean gestational age at delivery was term (38.2 ± 2.3 weeks). RESULTS: Doublings in the expressions of sFlt1 and sEng were associated with 39% (95% CI = 3%, 86%) and 74% (95% CI = 1%, 198%) increased risks of preeclampsia respectively. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that second trimester high sFlt1 and sEng levels were possibly associated with an increased risk of preeclampsia after adjustment for maternal factors traditionally associated with the syndrome.