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En este estudio se pretende investigar el funcionamiento neuropsicológico de niños con dislalias. 34 niños con dislalia múltiple (distorsión o sustitución articulatoria de tres fonemas: /r/, /l/ y /s/) y exploración neurológica normal fueron comparados con 28 niños sin problemas del habla. El perfil neuropsicológico se estima mediante la Escala de Inteligencia Wechsler para Niños-Revisada (WISC-R) y la Batería Neuropsicológica Luria-DNI. Los resultados indican que los niños dislálicos presentan: a) un perfil amnésico globalmente deteriorado respecto al grupo de referencia aunque están preservado la memoria remota y la memoria de formas; b) alteraciones en cinestesia y estereognosia; c) problemas atencionales. Estos resultados indican que los niños dislálicos presentan problemas amnésicos y atencionales similares a los manifestados por niños con problemas de lenguaje secundarios a daño cerebral o afectaciones orgánicas o psicolingüísticas importantes. Debemos considerar este perfil neuropsicológico deteriorado en la orientación neurológica y psicoeducativa de estos niños

In this study we investigate the neuropsychological functioning of children with dyslalias. 34 children with multiple dyslalia (articulatory distortion or substitution of three phonemes: / r /, / l / and / s /) and normal neurological examination. 28 children without speech problems are used as reference group. The neuropsychological profile is estimated using the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised (WISC-R) and Luria Neuropsychological Battery-DNI. We found in children with dyslalias: A) The memory profile deteriorated globally in respect to the reference group but are preserved remote memory and the memory of shapes. B) kinesthesia and estereognosia disorders. C) Attentional disorders. We found mnemonic and attentional problems in children with dyslalias similar to those children with language problems secondary to brain damage or affect organs or major psycholinguistic disorders. We consider this neuropsychological profile deteriorated in neurological and psychoeducational counseling, which would justify the treatment and neuropsychological rehabilitation of memory and attention

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RESUMEN

This paper examines the association of cardiovascular reactivity with thermal thresholds (detection and unpleasantness). Heart period (HP), systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure of 42 health young males were recorded during a cardiovascular reactivity task (a videogame based upon Sidman's avoidance paradigm). Thermal sensitivity, assessing detection and unpleasantness thresholds with radiant heat in the forearm was also estimated for participants. Participants with differential scores in the cardiovascular variables from base line to task > or = P65 were considered as reactors and those how have differential scores < or = P35 were considered as non-reactors. Significant differences were observed between groups in the unpleasantness thresholds in blood pressure (BP) but not in HP. Reactors exhibited significant higher unpleasantness thresholds than non-reactors. No significant differences were obtained in detection thresholds between groups.

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RESUMEN

This paper examines the association of cardiovascular reactivity with thermal thresholds (detection and unpleasantness). Heart period (HP), systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure of 42 health young males were recorded during a cardiovascular reactivity task (a videogame based upon Sidman’s avoidance paradigm). Thermal sensitivity, assessing detection and unpleasantness thresholds with radiant heat in the forearm was also estimated for participants. Participants with differential scores in the cardiovascular variables from base line to task >=P65 were considered as reactors and those how have differential scores <= P35 were considered as non-reactors. Significant differences were observed between groups in the unpleasantness thresholds in blood pressure (BP) but not in HP. Reactors exhibited significant higher unpleasantness thresholds than non-reactors. No significant differences were obtained in detection thresholds between groups (AU)

Este estudio investiga la relación entre la reactividad cardiovascular y la sensibilidad térmica (umbrales de detección y molestia). 42 varones jóvenes y sanos participaron en un experimento en el que se registraron el periodo cardiaco, la presión arterial sistólica y la presión arterial diastólica durante la realización de una tarea evocadora de reactividad cardiovascular (videojuego basado en el paradigma de evitación de Sidman). La sensibilidad térmica fue medida en todos los participantes mediante la estimación de los umbrales de detección y molestia en la piel del antebrazo con el método de calor radiante. Los participantes que presentaron valores diferenciales en las variables cardiovasculares respecto a la línea base >= P65 fueron considerados como reactores, mientras que los que obtuvieron valores diferenciales <= P35 se consideraron como no-reactores. Se encontraron diferencias significativas en los umbrales de molestia entre los grupos de reactores y no-reactores en presión arterial, aunque no se encontraron diferencias en la reactividad del periodo cardiaco. El grupo de reactores presenta umbrales más elevados en la molestia que el grupo de no-reactores. No se encontraron diferencias en los umbrales de detección entre los grupos (AU)

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