RESUMEN
PURPOSE: To examine the independent and combined influence of the FTOrs9939609 and the MC4Rrs17782313 polymorphisms on changes in fat mass (FM), resting energy expenditure (REE), leptin, and thyrotropin (TSH) levels, after a 12-week energy-restricted diet intervention in non-morbid premenopausal obese women. METHODS: Fat mass (dual X-ray absorptiometry), REE (indirect calorimetry) and plasma leptin and thyrotropin levels were measured (before and after the intervention) in 77 obese (BMI: 33.9 ± 2.8 kg/m(2)) women (age: 36.8 ± 7.0y). RESULTS: There were no significant differences across FTOrs9939609 genotype groups (TT vs. A allele carriers, Ps>0.1) on changes in body mass (-8.6 ± 3.2% vs. -8.7 ± 3.3 %), FM (12.8 ± 4.7% vs. -12.9 ± 6.3%), REE (-11.3 ± 4.7 vs. -9.4 ± 8.1%), leptin (-34.1 ± 25.1% vs. -43.5 ± 24.1%) or TSH (5.2 ± 34.5% vs. -1.7 ± 27.1%) levels. Moreover, it was not observed any significant difference on changes in body mass (-8.6 ± 3.6% vs. -8.9 ± 2.6%), FM (-12.7 ± 6.1% vs. -13.4 ± 5.3%), REE (-9.8 ± 7.4% -9.4 ± 9.4%), leptin (-39.0 ± 26.9% vs. -44.8 ± 18.4%) or TSH (-1.0 ± 30.0% vs. 1.5 ± 26.5%) levels between non-C allele carriers and C allele carriers of the MC4Rrs17782313 (Ps>0.3). Finally, there were no significant difference on changes in body mass and composition, REE, leptin or TSH levels among non-risk allele carriers, carriers of the C allele risk of the MC4Rrs17782313, carriers of the A allele of the FTOrs9939609 and carriers of both risk alleles after the 12-week energy-restricted diet intervention (Ps>0.1). CONCLUSION: Carrying the A risk allele of the FTOrs9939609 and/or the C risk allele of the MC4Rrs17782313 did not influence body mass and FM loss, or REE decrease in obese women after a 12-week energy-restricted diet intervention.
Objetivo: Examinar la influencia individual y combinada de los polimorfismos genéticos FTO rs9939609 y MC4R rs17782313 en los cambios en la masa grasa (MG), gasto energético en reposo (GER), leptina y tirotropina (TSH) tras una intervención de 12 semanas de duración con dieta hipocalórica en mujeres pre-menopáusicas con obesidad no mórbida. Métodos: Se evaluaron al inicio y al final de la intervención la MG (absorciometría dual de rayos X), el GER (calorimetría indirecta) y los niveles de leptina y TSH en sangre en 77 mujeres (edad: 36.8±7.0 años) obesas (IMC: 33.9±2.8kg/m2). Resultados: No se observaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas (Ps>0.1) entre las portadores y las no portadoras del alelo A del FTOrs9939609 (TT vs. portadores del alelo) en los cambios en la masa corporal (-8.6±3.2% vs. -8.7±3.3 %), MG (12.8±4.7% vs. 12.9±6.3%), GER (-11.3±4.7 vs. -9.4±8.1%), leptina (-34.1±25.1% vs. -43.5±24.1%) y TSH (5.2±34.5% vs. -1.7±27.1%). Tampoco se observaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en los cambios en la masa corporal (-8.6±3.6% vs. -8.9±2.6%), MG (-12.7±6.1% vs. -13.4±5.3%), GER (-9.8±7.4% -9.4±9.4%), leptina (-39.0±26.9% vs. -44.8±18.4%) y TSH (-1.0±30.0% vs. 1.5±26.5%) entre las participantes portadoras y no portadoras del alelo C del MC4Rrs17782313 (Ps>0.3). Finalmente, no se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en los cambios en la masa y composición corporal, el GER, o los niveles de leptina y TSH entre mujeres no portadoras de alelos de riesgo, portadoras del alelo C del MC4Rrs17782313, portadoras del alelo A del FTOrs9939609 y portadoras de los dos alelos de riesgo (A y C) al final de las 12 semanas de intervención con dieta hipocalórica (Ps>0.1). Conclusión: Ser portador del alelo de riesgo A del FTOrs9939609 y/o del alelo de riesgo C del MC4Rrs17782313 no influye en la pérdida de masa grasa o en el descenso del GER en mujeres obesas tras 12 semanas de intervención con dieta hipocalórica.
Asunto(s)
Dioxigenasa FTO Dependiente de Alfa-Cetoglutarato/genética , Dieta Reductora , Obesidad/dietoterapia , Obesidad/genética , Receptor de Melanocortina Tipo 4/genética , Adulto , Composición Corporal , Peso Corporal , Metabolismo Energético/genética , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Polimorfismo Genético , Posmenopausia , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Purpose: To examine the independent and combined influence of the FTOrs9939609 and the MC4Rrs17782313 polymorphisms on changes in fat mass (FM), resting energy expenditure (REE), leptin, and thyrotropin (TSH) levels, after a 12-week energy-restricted diet intervention in non-morbid premenopausal obese women. Methods: Fat mass (dual X-ray absorptiometry), REE (indirect calorimetry) and plasma leptin and thyrotropin levels were measured (before and after the intervention) in 77 obese (BMI: 33.9±2.8kg/m2 ) women (age: 36.8±7.0y). Results: There were no significant differences across FTOrs9939609 genotype groups (TT vs. A allele carriers, Ps>0.1) on changes in body mass (-8.6±3.2% vs. -8.7±3.3 %), FM (12.8±4.7% vs. 12.9±6.3%), REE (-11.3±4.7 vs. -9.4±8.1%), leptin (-34.1±25.1% vs. -43.5±24.1%) or TSH (5.2±34.5% vs. -1.7±27.1%) levels. Moreover, it was not observed any significant difference on changes in body mass (-8.6±3.6% vs. -8.9±2.6%), FM (-12.7±6.1% vs. -13.4±5.3%), REE (-9.8±7.4% -9.4±9.4%), leptin (-39.0±26.9% vs. -44.8±18.4%) or TSH (-1.0±30.0% vs. 1.5±26.5%) levels between non-C allele carriers and C allele carriers of the MC4Rrs17782313 (Ps>0.3). Finally, there were no significant difference on changes in body mass and composition, REE, leptin or TSH levels among non-risk allele carriers, carriers of the C allele risk of the MC4Rrs17782313, carriers of the A allele of the FTOrs9939609 and carriers of both risk alleles after the 12-week energy-restricted diet intervention (Ps>0.1). Conclusion: Carrying the A risk allele of the FTOrs9939609 and/or the C risk allele of the MC4Rrs17782313 did not influence body mass and FM loss, or REE decrease in obese women after a 12-week energy-restricted diet intervention (AU)
Objetivo: Examinar la influencia individual y combinada de los polimorfismos genéticos FTO rs9939609 y MC4R rs17782313 en los cambios en la masa grasa (MG), gasto energético en reposo (GER), leptina y tirotropina (TSH) tras una intervención de 12 semanas de duración con dieta hipocalórica en mujeres pre-menopáusicas con obesidad no mórbida. Métodos: Se evaluaron al inicio y al final de la intervención la MG (absorciometría dual de rayos X), el GER (calorimetría indirecta) y los niveles de leptina y TSH en sangre en 77 mujeres (edad: 36.8±7.0 años) obesas (IMC: 33.9±2.8kg/m2 ). Resultados: No se observaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas (Ps>0.1) entre las portadores y las no portadoras del alelo A del FTOrs9939609 (TT vs. portadores del alelo) en los cambios en la masa corporal (-8.6±3.2% vs. -8.7±3.3 %), MG (12.8±4.7% vs. 12.9±6.3%), GER (-11.3±4.7 vs. -9.4±8.1%), leptina (-34.1±25.1% vs. -43.5±24.1%) y TSH (5.2±34.5% vs. -1.7±27.1%). Tampoco se observaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en los cambios en la masa corporal (-8.6±3.6% vs. -8.9±2.6%), MG (-12.7±6.1% vs. -13.4±5.3%), GER (-9.8±7.4% -9.4±9.4%), leptina (-39.0±26.9% vs. -44.8±18.4%) y TSH (-1.0±30.0% vs. 1.5±26.5%) entre las participantes portadoras y no portadoras del alelo C del MC4Rrs17782313 (Ps>0.3). Finalmente, no se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en los cambios en la masa y composición corporal, el GER, o los niveles de leptina y TSH entre mujeres no portadoras de alelos de riesgo, portadoras del alelo C del MC4Rrs17782313, portadoras del alelo A del FTOrs9939609 y portadoras de los dos alelos de riesgo (A y C) al final de las 12 semanas de intervención con dieta hipocalórica (Ps>0.1). Conclusión: Ser portador del alelo de riesgo A del FTOrs9939609 y/o del alelo de riesgo C del MC4Rrs17782313 no influye en la pérdida de masa grasa o en el descenso del GER en mujeres obesas tras 12 semanas de intervención con dieta hipocalórica (AU)
Asunto(s)
Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Obesidad/dietoterapia , Dieta Reductora/métodos , Composición Corporal/fisiología , Índice de Masa Corporal , Obesidad/genética , Polimorfismo Genético/genética , Metabolismo Energético/genética , Premenopausia/metabolismo , Leptina , Tirotropina , Pérdida de PesoRESUMEN
Given that leptin, ghrelin and thyrotropin play a major role in the regulation of resting energy expenditure (REE) and that the FTO rs9939609 and the MC4R rs17782313 polymorphisms have been proposed to affect energy homeostasis, we hypothesized that both polymorphisms are associated with REE and that these relationships can be mediated by leptin, ghrelin and thyrotropin in obesity. Therefore, the present study aimed to examine the relationships between FTO rs9939609 and the MC4R rs17782313 with REE, leptin, ghrelin and thyrotropin levels in obese women. The study comprised 77 obese (body mass index 34.0 ± 2.8 kg/m2) women (age 36.7 ± 7 years). We measured body composition by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and REE by indirect calorimetry. We analysed fasting leptin, ghrelin and thyrotropin levels and the ratio of leptin to fat mass was calculated. Genotype distributions of the polymorphisms did not deviate from Hardy-Weinberg expectations (P values >0.2). Women carrying the A allele of the FTO rs9939609 had lower REE (1,580 ± 22 vs. 1,739 ± 35 kcal/day, P < 0.001) and higher leptin to fat mass ratio (1.33 ± 0.05 vs. 1.13 ± 0.08 ng/ml kg, P < 0.05) and thyrotropin levels (1.93 ± 0.10 vs. 1.53 ± 0.16 ìU/ml, P < 0.05) regardless of age and body mass index. We found no significant influence of the MC4R rs17782313 on energy metabolism or biochemical variables. Our findings confirm that the A allele of the FTOrs9939609 is associated with lower REE and increased plasma leptin levels. We also found an association between the FTO rs9939609 and thyrotropin, suggesting the possible influence of FTOin the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis as a potential mechanism of the increased adiposity
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Femenino , Obesidad/fisiopatología , Leptina/análisis , Tirotropina/análisis , Polimorfismo Genético , Composición Corporal , Índice de Masa CorporalRESUMEN
Given that leptin, ghrelin and thyrotropin play a major role in the regulation of resting energy expenditure (REE) and that the FTO rs9939609 and the MC4R rs17782313 polymorphisms have been proposed to affect energy homeostasis, we hypothesized that both polymorphisms are associated with REE and that these relationships can be mediated by leptin, ghrelin and thyrotropin in obesity. Therefore, the present study aimed to examine the relationships between FTO rs9939609 and the MC4R rs17782313 with REE, leptin, ghrelin and thyrotropin levels in obese women. The study comprised 77 obese (body mass index 34.0 ± 2.8 kg/m(2)) women (age 36.7 ± 7 years). We measured body composition by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and REE by indirect calorimetry. We analysed fasting leptin, ghrelin and thyrotropin levels and the ratio of leptin to fat mass was calculated. Genotype distributions of the polymorphisms did not deviate from Hardy-Weinberg expectations (P values >0.2). Women carrying the A allele of the FTO rs9939609 had lower REE (1,580 ± 22 vs. 1,739 ± 35 kcal/day, P < 0.001) and higher leptin to fat mass ratio (1.33 ± 0.05 vs. 1.13 ± 0.08 ng/ml kg, P < 0.05) and thyrotropin levels (1.93 ± 0.10 vs. 1.53 ± 0.16 µU/ml, P < 0.05) regardless of age and body mass index. We found no significant influence of the MC4R rs17782313 on energy metabolism or biochemical variables. Our findings confirm that the A allele of the FTO rs9939609 is associated with lower REE and increased plasma leptin levels. We also found an association between the FTO rs9939609 and thyrotropin, suggesting the possible influence of FTO in the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis as a potential mechanism of the increased adiposity.
Asunto(s)
Leptina/sangre , Obesidad Abdominal/genética , Premenopausia/genética , Proteínas/genética , Receptor de Melanocortina Tipo 4/genética , Tirotropina/sangre , Adulto , Dioxigenasa FTO Dependiente de Alfa-Cetoglutarato , Metabolismo Basal/genética , Composición Corporal , Femenino , Frecuencia de los Genes , Estudios de Asociación Genética , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Obesidad Abdominal/sangre , Polimorfismo de Nucleótido Simple , Premenopausia/sangreRESUMEN
The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of green tea epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) on changes in body composition, energy and substrate metabolism, cardiometabolic risk factors and liver function enzymes after an energy-restricted diet intervention in obese women. In the present randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, eighty-three obese (30 kg/m² > BMI < 40 kg/m²) pre-menopausal women consumed 300 mg/d of EGCG or placebo (lactose). We measured body weight and adiposity (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry), energy expenditure and fat oxidation rates (indirect calorimetry), blood lipid levels (TAG, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol), insulin resistance, C-reactive protein and liver function markers (aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, γ-glutamyltransferase, urea, bilirubin and 2-keto[1-¹³C]isocaproate oxidation) before and after the intervention in the EGCG and control groups. We did not find any significant difference in the changes in body weight (-0.3 kg, 95% CI -5.0, 4.3), fat mass (-0.7 kg, 95% CI -3.5, 2.1), energy (0.3 kJ/kg per d, 95% CI -3.1, 2.7) and fat (-0.1 g/min, 95% CI -0.03, 0.01) metabolism, homeostasis assessment model for insulin resistance (0.2, 95% CI -0.2, 0.7), total cholesterol (-0.21 mmol/l, 95% CI -0.55, 0.13), LDL-cholesterol (-0.15 mmol/l, 95% CI -0.50, 0.20), TAG (-0.4 mmol/l, 95% CI -0.56, 0.29) and liver function markers between the EGCG and control groups. In conclusion, the present results suggest that dietary supplementation with 300 mg/d of EGCG for 12 weeks did not enhance energy-restricted diet-induced adiposity reductions, and did not improve weight-loss-induced changes in cardiometabolic risk factors in obese Caucasian women. The intake of 300 mg/d of EGCG for 12 weeks did not cause any adverse effect on liver function biomarkers.