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The use of anesthetic agents in the management of fish in fish farming or ornamental fish breeding aims to minimize stress and promote animal welfare. Therefore, this study aims to investigate behavioral, electrocardiographic, and ventilatory characteristics of tambaquis exposed to anesthetic baths with etomidate. The study was conducted with juvenile tambaquis (27.38 ± 3.5g) n = 99, at etomidate concentrations of 2-4 mg.L -1, analyzing induction and anesthetic recovery behavior (experiment I), electrocardiogram (experiment II), and opercular movement (experiment III). Fish exposed to high concentrations of etomidate reached the stage of general anesthesia faster, however, the recovery time was longer, characterizing a dose-dependent relationship. Cardiorespiratory analyzes demonstrated a reduction in heart rate (69.19%) and respiratory rate (40.70%) depending on the concentration of etomidate used during anesthetic induction. During the recovery period, there was cardiorespiratory reversibility to normality. Therefore, etomidate proved to be safe as an anesthetic agent for this species at concentrations of 2 to 3 mg.L -1 for short-term anesthesia, but at higher doses the animals showed slow reversibility of anesthesia in a gradual manner and without excitability. The hemodynamic effect due to the rapid decrease in heart rate includes a negative factor of using higher concentrations of etomidate for Colossome macropomum anesthesia.

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AIMS: To identify the cardiac biogenic amine profile of obese rats and associate these compounds with parameters of cardiovascular disease. MAIN METHODS: Wistar rats (n = 20) were randomly distributed into two groups: control and obese. Obesity was induced by a high-sugar fat diet. Biochemical parameters were evaluated. Doppler Echocardiography and systolic blood pressure; interleukin-10 (IL-10), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), protein carbonylation, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and catalase activity were measured in cardiac tissue. HPLC evaluated the cardiac biogenic profile. Data were compared using the Student's T or Mann-Whitney tests and Spearman's correlation at 5% significance. The principal component analysis (PCA) was performed. KEY FINDINGS: Obesity generated hypertension, cardiac remodeling and dysfunction, and imbalanced all biochemical, inflammatory, and oxidative markers (p < 0.001). Eight biogenic amines were found in cardiac tissue. Obesity increased serotonin and decreased agmatine, putrescine, cadaverine, and spermidine. Serotonin (r = 0.534 to 0.808) was strong and positively correlated with obesity, biochemical parameters, cardiac inflammation, oxidative stress, hypertension, cardiac remodeling, and dysfunction (p < 0.001). Spermidine (r = -0.560 to -0.680), putrescine (r = -0.532 to -0.805), cadaverine (r = -0.534 to -0.860), and agmatine (r = -0.579 to -0.884) were inversely correlated with the same parameters (p < 0.001). PCA allowed for distinguishing the control and obese groups. SIGNIFICANCE: There are strong correlations between cardiac biogenic amine levels, cardiac remodeling, and dysfunction resulting from obesity. CONCLUSION: There is an association between cardiac biogenic amines and cardiovascular disease in obesity. In addition, agmatine, putrescine, cadaverine, and, mainly, serotonin may be new biomarkers for cardiovascular health in obesity and help to improve the diagnosis and treatment of CVD resulting or not from obesity. However, more research is needed to support this conclusion.

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Seizures occur when there is a hyper-excitation of the outer layer of the brain, with subsequent excessive synchrony in a group of neurons. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), an estimated 50 million people are affected by this disease, a third of whom are resistant to the treatments available on the market. Caffeine (1,3,7-trimethylxanthine), which belongs to the purine alkaloid family, is the most widely consumed psychoactive drug in the world. It is ingested by people through drinks containing this substance, such as coffee, and as an adjuvant in analgesic therapy with non-steroidal antiflammatory drugs. The present study evaluated the electrocorticographic changes observed in the hippocampus of Wistar rats subjected to acute doses of caffeine (150 mg/kg i.p), which represents a toxic dose of caffeine corresponding to an estimated acute intake of more than 12 cups of coffee to record its convulsant activity. Our results showed, for the first time, that the administration of high doses of caffeine (150 mg/kg i.p.) in rats caused an increase in the spectral distribution of power in all frequency bands and suggested the appearance of periods of ictal and interictal peaks in the electrocorticogram (ECog). We have also shown that the anticonvulsants phenytoin, diazepam and phenobarbital have a satisfactory response when associated with caffeine.

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Alcohol, a widely commercialized psychotropic drug, and the benzodiazepine Flunitrazepam, an anxiolytic widely prescribed for patients with anxiety and insomnia problems, are well known drugs and both act on the central nervous system. The misuse and the association of these two drugs are public health concerns in several countries and could cause momentary, long-lasting and even lethal neurophysiological problems due to the potentiation of their adverse effects in synergy. The present study observed the result of the association of these drugs on electrophysiological responses in the brain, heart, and respiratory rate in Wistar rats. 8 experimental groups were determined: control, one alcohol group (20% at a dose of 1 ml/100 g VO), three Flunitrazepam groups (doses 0.1; 0.2 and 0.3 mg/kg) and three alcohol-Flunitrazepam groups (20% at a dose of 1 ml/100 g VO of alcohol, combined with 0.1; 0.2 and 0.3 mg/kg of Flunitrazepam, respectively). The results showed that there was a more pronounced reduction in alpha and theta wave power in the alcohol-Flunitrazepam groups, a decrease in the power of beta oscillations and greater sedation. There was a progressive decrease in respiratory rate linked to the increase of Flunitrazepam dose in the alcohol-Flunitrazepam associated administration. It was observed alteration in heart rate and Q-T interval in high doses of Flunitrazepam. Therefore, we conclude that the association alcohol-Flunitrazepam presented deepening of depressant synergistic effects according to the increase in the dose of the benzodiazepine, and this could cause alterations in low frequency brain oscillations, breathing, and hemodynamics of the patient.

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Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a fatal malignancy of the blood and bone marrow. Leukemic stem cells (LSCs) are a rare subset of leukemic cells that promote the development and progression of AML, and eradication of LSCs is critical for effective control of this disease. Emetine is an FDA-approved antiparasitic drug with antitumor properties; however, little is known about its potential against LSCs. Herein, we explored the antileukemic potential of emetine, focusing on its effects on AML stem/progenitor cells. Emetine exhibited potent cytotoxic activity both in hematologic and solid cancer cells and induced AML cell differentiation. Emetine also inhibited AML stem/progenitor cells, as evidenced by decreased expression of CD34, CD97, CD99, and CD123 in KG-1a cells, indicating anti-AML stem/progenitor cell activities. The administration of emetine at a dosage of 10 mg/kg for two weeks showed no significant toxicity and significantly reduced xenograft leukemic growth in vivo. NF-κB activation was reduced in emetine-treated KG-1a cells, as shown by reduced phospho-NF-κB p65 (S529) and nuclear NF-κB p65. DNA fragmentation, YO-PRO-1 staining, mitochondrial depolarization and increased levels of active caspase-3 and cleaved PARP (Asp214) were detected in emetine-treated KG-1a cells. Moreover, treatment with the pancaspase inhibitor Z-VAD(OMe)-FMK partially prevented the apoptotic cell death induced by emetine. Emetine treatment also increased cellular and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, and emetine-induced apoptosis in KG-1a cells was partially prevented by the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine, indicating that emetine induces apoptosis, at least in part, by inducing oxidative stress. Overall, these studies indicate that emetine is a novel potential anti-AML agent with promising activity against stem/progenitor cells, encouraging the development of further studies aimed at its clinical application.

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We report a human coronavirus OC43 infection outbreak in hospitalized patients and healthcare workers in São Paulo, Brazil, occurring after SARS-CoV-2 cases disappeared. Infection was associated with healthcare workers in 5 (29.4%) patients. Routine surveillance including a respiratory virus panel can improve coronavirus detection in both healthcare professionals and patients.

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Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, is the most cultivated fish species in the world, due to its low cost, high growth rate, environmental adaptability, and resistance to disease and stress. Anesthetics for fish become necessary in management because they minimize mortality during transport and maintenance of ponds, one of the most used anesthetics is clove oil, which has eugenol as the major substance, representing 90-95 % of clove oil. The present study evaluates the effect of eugenol on cardiac activity in Oreochromis niloticus specimens and relates it to behavioral data to determine a concentration window for safe anesthesia. For the comportamental analysis, was used five treatments (50, 75, 100, 125, and 150 µL·L-1) were evaluated and for the eletrocardiographic test was used seven groups (Control, Vehicle, 50, 75, 100, 125, and 150 µL·L-1), n = 9/treatment, totaling 108 animals. Behavioral and electrocardiographic tests were performed on all treatments during induction and recovery. The results of the behavioral tests demonstrated the reversibility of the effects with recovery of the posture reflex, varying according to the concentration. The ECG results showed a slow recovery because, at concentrations above 100 µL·L-1, there was no full reversibility of the cardiac effects in the observed experiment time, which could cause greater changes in the tilapia hemodynamics, which led us to identify a window for safe anesthesia. Eugenol is an effective anesthetic in Nile tilapia juveniles when used in concentrations ranging from 50 to 100 µL·L-1, if there is a need for anesthetic deepening, doses above 100 µL·L-1, however, the animals must be monitored due to hemodynamic changes.

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Epilepsy is a neuronal disorder characterized by abnormal excitability of the brain, leading to seizures. Only around 66% of the epileptic patients respond adequately to treatment with existing conventional anticonvulsants, making it necessary to investigate new antiepileptic drugs. The growing research into natural products and their pharmacological properties has become increasingly promising, particularly in the study of essential oils, which are already widely used in popular culture for treating various diseases. The present study evaluated the anticonvulsant effects of Lippia origanoides essential oil (LOEO) (100 mg/kg i. p.) compared to diazepam (DZP) (5 mg/kg i. p.), and the combined administration of these two substances to control convulsions induced by pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) (60 mg/kg i. p.). This evaluation was carried out using 108 male Wistar rats, which were divided into two experiments. Experiment 1-Behavioral assessment: The animals were divided into 4 groups (n = 9): (I) saline solution + PTZ, (II) DZP + PTZ, (III) LOEO + PTZ, (IV) LOEO + DZP + PTZ. The convulsive behavior was induced 30 min after the administration of the tested anticonvulsant drugs, and the observation period lasted 30 min. Experiment 2- Electrocorticographic evaluation: The animals were divided into 8 groups (n = 9): (I) saline solution; (II) LOEO; (III) DZP; (IV) LOEO + DZP; (V) saline + PTZ, (VI) DZP + PTZ (VII) LOEO + PTZ, (VIII) LOEO + DZP + PTZ. PTZ was administered 30 min after LOEO and DZP treatments and electrocorticographic activity was assessed for 15 min. For the control groups, electromyographic recordings were performed in the 10th intercostal space to assess respiratory rate. The results demonstrated that Lippia origanoides essential oil increased the latency time for the appearance of isolated clonic seizures without loss of the postural reflex. The animals had a more intense decrease in respiratory rate when combined with LOEO + DZP. EEG recordings showed a reduction in firing amplitude in the LOEO-treated groups. The combining treatment with diazepam resulted in increased anticonvulsant effects. Therefore, treatment with Lippia origanoides essential oil was effective in controlling seizures, and its combination with diazepam may represent a future option for the treatment of difficult-to-control seizures.

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OBJECTIVE: To learn about the experience of families of children and adolescents in psychological distress facing hospitalization in a psychiatric inpatient unit of a general university hospital. METHOD: This is a qualitative phenomenological-social study, with data collection carried out from February to March 2022 through open interviews, analyzed using Alfred Schutz's framework with the construction of categories of meaning. RESULTS: Based on the analysis of eight interviews, it was possible to understand changes in the families' way of life, impacts on their routine, work, and social relationships. Their expectations were about the recovery of mental health and autonomy. CONCLUSION: This study allowed us to understand the experience of families faced with the hospitalization of children and adolescents in psychological distress and understand their members' needs. The need for implementation of care spaces that incorporate the relationship between the multidisciplinary team and the family is highlighted.

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BACKGROUND: Renin-angiotensin (Ang II)-aldosterone system (RAAS) is crucial for the cardiovascular risk associated with excessive ethanol consumption. Disturbs in mitochondria have been implicated in multiple cardiovascular diseases. However, if mitochondria dysfunction contributes to ethanol-induced vascular dysfunction is still unknown. We investigated whether ethanol leads to vascular dysfunction via RAAS activation, mitochondria dysfunction, and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS). METHODS: Male C57/BL6J or mt-keima mice (6-8-weeks old) were treated with ethanol (20% vol./vol.) for 12 weeks with or without Losartan (10 mg/kg/day). RESULTS: Ethanol induced aortic hypercontractility in an endothelium-dependent manner. PGC1α (a marker of biogenesis), Mfn2, (an essential protein for mitochondria fusion), as well as Pink-1 and Parkin (markers of mitophagy), were reduced in aortas from ethanol-treated mice. Disturb in mitophagy flux was further confirmed in arteries from mt-keima mice. Additionally, ethanol increased mtROS and reduced SOD2 expression. Strikingly, losartan prevented vascular hypercontractility, mitochondrial dysfunction, mtROS, and restored SOD2 expression. Both MnTMPyP (SOD2 mimetic) and CCCP (a mitochondrial uncoupler) reverted ethanol-induced vascular dysfunction. Moreover, L-NAME (NOS inhibitor) and EUK 134 (superoxide dismutase/catalase mimetic) did not affect vascular response in ethanol group, suggesting that ethanol reduces aortic nitric oxide (NO) and H2O2 bioavailability. These responses were prevented by losartan. CONCLUSION: AT1 receptor modulates ethanol-induced vascular hypercontractility by promoting mitochondrial dysfunction, mtROS, and reduction of NO and H2O2 bioavailability. Our findings shed a new light in our understanding of ethanol-induced vascular toxicity and open perspectives of new therapeutic approaches for patients with disorder associated with abusive ethanol drinking.

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The hemodynamic activity of Melipona flavolineata workers was evaluated during restraint stress for a period of 30 min. The observed parameters were power variation in the elapsed time, and subsequently, six periods of one second were divided and called A, B, C, D, E and F; in each period, the electrocardiographic parameters were evaluated: spike frequency, amplitude, spike intervals and spike duration. The experiment was carried out with eight worker bees of M. flavolineata, for which electrodes of a nickel-chromium alloy were made. The bees were previously anesthetized with isoflurane and properly contained and fixed in a base for stereotaxis in which the electrode was implanted. All these procedures were performed inside a Faraday cage. The results showed power oscillations during the recording, with the highest energy level being between 300 and 600 s. Spike frequency, spike amplitude, interval between spikes and spike duration parameters underwent changes during the restraint stress period. Thus, the cardiac activity of M. flavolineata can be used as a biomarker and can be used to clarify physiological issues or alterations caused by toxic agents and indicate risk factors for these animals.

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BACKGROUND: Obesity is the number one cardiovascular risk factor for both men and women and is a complex condition. Although a sex dimorphism on vascular function has already been noted, the underlying processes remain unclear. The Rho-kinase pathway has a unique role in controlling vascular tone, and in obese male mice, hyperactivation of this system results in worsened vascular constriction. We investigated whether female mice exhibit decreased Rho-kinase activation as a protective mechanism in obesity. METHODS: We exposed male and female mice to a high-fat diet (HFD) for 14 weeks. At the end, energy expenditure, glucose tolerance, adipose tissue inflammation, and vascular function were investigated. RESULTS: Male mice were more sensitive to HFD-induced body weight gain, glucose tolerance, and inflammation than female mice. After establishing obesity, female mice demonstrated increase in energy expenditure, characterized by an increase in heat, whereas male mice did not. Interestingly, obese female mice, but not male, displayed attenuated vascular contractility to different agonists, such difference was blunted by inhibition of Rho-kinase, which was accompanied by a suppressed Rho-kinase activation, measured by Western blot. Finally, aortae from obese male mice displayed an exacerbated inflammation, whereas obese female demonstrated a mild vascular inflammation. CONCLUSION: In obesity, female mice demonstrate a vascular protective mechanism-suppression of vascular Rho-kinase-to minimize the cardiovascular risk associated with obesity, whereas male mice do not generate any adaptive response. Future investigations can help to understand how Rho-kinase becomes suppressed in female during obesity.

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The objective was to analyze and systematize evidence reported in qualitative studies on the reasons and consequences of tooth loss in adults and elderly people in Brazil. A systematic review of the literature on qualitative research methods and a meta synthesis of the results were performed. The study population consisted of adults over 18 years of age and elderly people in Brazil. Searches were performed in the BVS, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, BBO, Embase, EBSCO and SciELO databases. The thematic synthesis identified 8 analytical themes regarding reasons for tooth loss and 3 analytical themes regarding consequences of tooth loss. Dental pain, care model, financial situation and desire for prosthetic rehabilitation were determining factors for extractions. There was recognition of negligence in oral care, and the naturalness of tooth loss was linked to old age. Missing teeth caused psychological and physiological impacts. It is imperative to verify whether the factors that cause tooth loss persist, and how much those factors influence decisions to extract teeth among current young and adult populations. It is necessary to change the care model through the inclusion and qualification of oral health care for the young and elderly adult populations; otherwise, the model of dental mutilation and the culture of edentulism will persist.

O objetivo foi analisar e sistematizar evidências levantadas por estudos qualitativos sobre razões e consequências de perdas dentárias em adultos e idosos no Brasil. Foi executada revisão sistemática da literatura de pesquisas de métodos qualitativos, e metassíntese dos resultados. A população de estudo foi de adultos acima de 18 anos e idosos brasileiros. Foi realizada busca nas bases de dados BVS, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, BBO, Embase, EBSCO e SciELO. A síntese temática definiu oito temas analíticos sobre razões das perdas dentárias e três temas analíticos sobre as consequências. A dor dentária, o modelo de atenção, a situação financeira e o desejo de reabilitação protética foram fatores determinantes para as exodontias. Houve reconhecimento da negligência com o cuidado bucal e da naturalidade das perdas dentárias ligada à velhice. Dentes perdidos causaram impactos psicológicos e fisiológicos. É imperativo verificar se os fatores que causaram as perdas dentárias persistem, e quanto influenciam as decisões de extrair dentes na população jovem e adulta atual. Há que se mudar o modelo de atenção pela inclusão e qualificação da atenção em saúde bucal da população adulta jovem e idosa, sob pena de persistir o modelo de mutilação dentária e a cultura de edentulismo.

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Resumo O objetivo foi analisar e sistematizar evidências levantadas por estudos qualitativos sobre razões e consequências de perdas dentárias em adultos e idosos no Brasil. Foi executada revisão sistemática da literatura de pesquisas de métodos qualitativos, e metassíntese dos resultados. A população de estudo foi de adultos acima de 18 anos e idosos brasileiros. Foi realizada busca nas bases de dados BVS, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, BBO, Embase, EBSCO e SciELO. A síntese temática definiu oito temas analíticos sobre razões das perdas dentárias e três temas analíticos sobre as consequências. A dor dentária, o modelo de atenção, a situação financeira e o desejo de reabilitação protética foram fatores determinantes para as exodontias. Houve reconhecimento da negligência com o cuidado bucal e da naturalidade das perdas dentárias ligada à velhice. Dentes perdidos causaram impactos psicológicos e fisiológicos. É imperativo verificar se os fatores que causaram as perdas dentárias persistem, e quanto influenciam as decisões de extrair dentes na população jovem e adulta atual. Há que se mudar o modelo de atenção pela inclusão e qualificação da atenção em saúde bucal da população adulta jovem e idosa, sob pena de persistir o modelo de mutilação dentária e a cultura de edentulismo.

Abstract The objective was to analyze and systematize evidence reported in qualitative studies on the reasons and consequences of tooth loss in adults and elderly people in Brazil. A systematic review of the literature on qualitative research methods and a meta synthesis of the results were performed. The study population consisted of adults over 18 years of age and elderly people in Brazil. Searches were performed in the BVS, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, BBO, Embase, EBSCO and SciELO databases. The thematic synthesis identified 8 analytical themes regarding reasons for tooth loss and 3 analytical themes regarding consequences of tooth loss. Dental pain, care model, financial situation and desire for prosthetic rehabilitation were determining factors for extractions. There was recognition of negligence in oral care, and the naturalness of tooth loss was linked to old age. Missing teeth caused psychological and physiological impacts. It is imperative to verify whether the factors that cause tooth loss persist, and how much those factors influence decisions to extract teeth among current young and adult populations. It is necessary to change the care model through the inclusion and qualification of oral health care for the young and elderly adult populations; otherwise, the model of dental mutilation and the culture of edentulism will persist.

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The gaining popularity of tobacco and nicotine delivery products, such as electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) being perceived as relatively safe is of a medical concern. The long-term safety of these new products remains uncertain for oral health. In this study, in vitro effects of e-liquid were assessed in a panel of normal oral epithelium cell lines (NOE and HMK), oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) human cell lines (CAL27 and HSC3), and a mouse oral cancer cell line (AT84) using cell proliferation, survival/cell death, and cell invasion assays. In addition, signaling pathways underlying the pro-invasive activity of e-cigarettes were evaluated by gene and protein expression analysis. We demonstrated that e-liquid promotes proliferation and anchorage-independent growth of OSCC and induces morphological changes associated with enhanced motility and invasive phenotypes. Furthermore, e-liquid-exposed cells express significantly reduced cell viability, regardless of e-cigarette flavour content. At the gene expression level, e-liquid induces changes in gene expression consistent with epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) revealed by reduced expression of cell epithelial markers such as E-cadherin and enhanced expression of mesenchymal proteins like vimentin and B-catenin seen both in OSCC cell lines and normal oral epithelium cells. In summary, the ability of e-liquid to induce proliferative and invasive properties along the activation of the EMT process can contribute to the development of tumorigenesis in normal epithelial cells and promote aggressive phenotype in pre-existing oral malignant cells.

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Resumo Objetivo conhecer as percepções da equipe de enfermagem ante o cuidado de crianças e adolescentes com transtornos mentais internados. Método estudo qualitativo fenomenológico social cuja coleta de dados foi realizada com 12 membros das equipes de enfermagem por meio de entrevista fenomenológica. Resultados "Motivos porque" descritos em duas categorias: a percepção da equipe de enfermagem em face dos cuidados prestados e ações e cuidados da equipe de enfermagem da criança com transtornos mentais. "Motivos para" expressos na categoria: a recuperação da criança com transtorno mental e o seu retorno para casa. Conclusões e Implicações para a prática a possibilidade do estabelecimento da relação face a face entre equipe, família e criança como forma de apreender a situação biográfica e o acervo de conhecimento dos sujeitos envolvidos e, então, entender as suas reais necessidades e demandas promovem um cuidado integral. Através da fenomenologia social de Alfred Schutz, traz-se como implicação para a prática a possibilidade de compreender a percepção da equipe de enfermagem sobre a relevância da relação face a face no cuidado de crianças e adolescentes com transtornos mentais.

Resumen Objetivo conocer las percepciones del equipo de enfermería sobre los cuidados prestados a los niños y adolescentes hospitalizados con trastornos mentales. Método estudio cualitativo fenomenológico social cuya recogida de datos se realizó con 12 miembros de los equipos de enfermería mediante entrevista fenomenológica. Resultados "Motivos-por qué" se describen en dos categorías: la percepción del equipo de enfermería ante los cuidados prestados y las acciones y cuidados del equipo de enfermería del niño con trastornos mentales. "Motivos-para" expresadas en la categoría: la recuperación del niño con trastorno mental y su regreso a casa. Conclusiones e Implicaciones para la práctica La posibilidad de establecer una relación cara a cara entre el equipo, la familia y el niño como una forma de aprehender la situación biográfica y el cuerpo de conocimiento de los sujetos involucrados y luego comprender sus necesidades y demandas reales, promueve la atención integral. A través de la fenomenología social de Alfred Schutz, aporta como implicaciones para la práctica la posibilidad de entender la percepción del equipo de enfermería sobre la relevancia de la relación cara a cara en el cuidado de niños y adolescentes con trastornos mentales.

Abstract Objective to know the perceptions of the nursing team about the care of hospitalized children and adolescents with mental disorders. Method social phenomenological qualitative study whose data collection was carried out with 12 members of the nursing teams by means of phenomenological interviews. Results "Reasons why" described in two categories: the perception of the nursing team in view of the care provided and actions and care of the nursing team of the child with mental disorders. "Reasons for" expressed in the category: the recovery of the child with mental disorder and his return home. Conclusions and Implications for practice The possibility of establishing a face-to-face relationship between the team, the family, and the child to apprehend the biographical situation and the body of knowledge of the subjects involved, and then understand their real needs and demands promotes comprehensive care. Through Alfred Schutz's social phenomenology, it brings as implications for practice the possibility of understanding the perception of the nursing staff about the relevance of the face-to-face relationship in caring for children and adolescents with mental disorders.

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ABSTRACT Objective: To learn about the experience of families of children and adolescents in psychological distress facing hospitalization in a psychiatric inpatient unit of a general university hospital. Method: This is a qualitative phenomenological-social study, with data collection carried out from February to March 2022 through open interviews, analyzed using Alfred Schutz's framework with the construction of categories of meaning. Results: Based on the analysis of eight interviews, it was possible to understand changes in the families' way of life, impacts on their routine, work, and social relationships. Their expectations were about the recovery of mental health and autonomy. Conclusion: This study allowed us to understand the experience of families faced with the hospitalization of children and adolescents in psychological distress and understand their members' needs. The need for implementation of care spaces that incorporate the relationship between the multidisciplinary team and the family is highlighted.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Conocer la experiencia de familias de niños y adolescentes en sufrimiento psicológico ante la internación en una unidad de internación psiquiátrica de un hospital general universitario. Método: Estudio cualitativo fenomenológico-social, recolección de datos realizada de febrero a marzo de 2022 a través de entrevistas abiertas, analizadas utilizando el referencial de Alfred Schutz con la construcción de categorías de significado. Resultados: A partir del análisis de ocho entrevistas, fue posible comprender cambios en el modo de vida de las familias, impactos en su rutina, trabajo y relaciones sociales. Sus expectativas estaban puestas en la recuperación de la salud mental y la autonomía. Conclusión: Este estudio permitió comprender la experiencia de las familias ante la hospitalización de niños y adolescentes en sufrimiento psicológico y comprender las necesidades de sus miembros. Se destaca la necesidad de implementar espacios de atención que incorporen la relación entre el equipo multidisciplinario y la familia.

RESUMO Objetivo: Conhecer a experiência da família de crianças e adolescentes em sofrimento psíquico diante da hospitalização em uma unidade de internação psiquiátrica de um hospital geral universitário. Método: Estudo qualitativo fenomenológico-social, coleta de dados realizada nos meses de fevereiro a março de 2022 por meio de entrevistas abertas, analisadas sob referencial de Alfred Schutz com construção de categorias de significado. Resultados: Com base na análise de oito entrevistas, foi possível compreender mudanças no modo de vida das famílias, impactos na sua rotina, trabalho e relações sociais. Suas expectativas versaram sobre a recuperação da saúde mental e autonomia. Conclusão: Este estudo permitiu conhecer a experiência das famílias diante da hospitalização de crianças e adolescentes em sofrimento psíquico e compreender as necessidades de seus membros. Destaca-se a necessidade da implementação de espaços de cuidados que incorporem a relação entre a equipe multiprofissional e a família.

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The tongue is a fundamental organ in feeding, vocalization, and grooming. It is characterized by evolutionary adaptations reflected by diet, habitat, and function. Rodents are a very diverse mammalian order and the tongue's morphology varies in size, form, and presence of papillae. This work aimed to describe the morphological and ultrastructural aspects of the tongue of Spix's yellow-toothed cavy (Galea spixii, Wagler, 1831). Tongues of Spix's yellow-toothed cavies were analyzed with light microscopy, scanning, and transmission electron microscopy. The results showed that the tongue was divided into apex, body, and root. There were different types of papillae, such as vallate, foliate, laterally placed fungiform, fungiform, filiform, and robust filiform. The epithelium was organized into layers, including keratinized, granulous, spinous, and basal, below were lamina propria, and musculature, which evolved mucous and serous gland clusters. The tongue of Spix's yellow-toothed cavy was structurally and ultrastructurally similar to other rodents and had papillae with similar morphologies to other Caviidae species. However, the presence of robust filiform papillary lines and laterally placed fungiform papillae showed the main differences from other species. This was the first description of the tongue of Spix's yellow-toothed cavy.