RESUMEN
A cryoprotectant-free method was successfully used for rapid freezing of goat epididymal spermatozoa. Lowering sperm volume may increase the temperature exchange rate and improve the freezing output of spermatozoa. The aim of this study was to compare two different packaging types [0.25 ml French straws (FS) and 96-well immune plate (WIP)] for rapid freezing of goat epididymal spermatozoa. Eleven pairs of the goat testes were transferred to the laboratory; cauda epididymidides were dissected and sliced in TRIS-BSA solution for 15 min and temperature 33-35 °C. Sperm concentration was adjusted to 20 × 10(6) ml(-1), and the suspension was subjected to rapid freezing within FS or WIP. The volume of spermatozoa in WIP method was set at 25 µl. Sperm motility, viability and abnormalities, and sperm DNA integrity were compared between two devices. The results showed similar effectiveness of WIP and FS on post-thaw sperm parameters. In conclusion, for cryoprotectant-free rapid freezing of goat epididymal spermatozoa, it is recommended to use WIP instead of French 0.25 ml straws.
Asunto(s)
Criopreservación/métodos , Preservación de Semen/métodos , Espermatozoides/fisiología , Animales , Fragmentación del ADN , Cabras , Masculino , Preservación de Semen/instrumentación , Motilidad EspermáticaRESUMEN
The aim of this study was to evaluate the testicular lesions and their effects on the epididymal sperm parameters in the Iranian river buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). Total numbers of 117 scrota from the pubertal buffalo were provided from the local slaughterhouse. The samples were evaluated for morphological parameters and any macro- or microscopic lesions. The sterile swabs from the testis parenchyma were subjected to microbiology culture. The epididymal spermatozoon was analysed for concentration, progressive motility and abnormalities. The results showed 34.2% fibrotic adhesions between parietal and visceral layers of tunica vaginalis that was significantly different among seasons (P < 0.05). The cases of unilateral cryptorchidism and bilateral Sertoli cell tumour were detected, with no spermatozoa in the respected epididymides. Microscopic examination showed 13.25% (31/234) lesions including general (51.61%; 16/31) and multifocal (29.03%; 9/31) degenerations as well as interstitial orchitis (9.68%; 3/31) and the Sertoli cell tumour (6.45%; 2/31). No relationship between the lesions and the bacterial isolation (n = 6) was detected. The sperm parameters and morphological parameters of the testis were under influence of microscopic lesions (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the testicular macro- and microscopic lesions may have a noticeable contribution in the Iranian buffalo fertility.
Asunto(s)
Epidídimo/patología , Neoplasias de los Genitales Masculinos/patología , Espermatozoides/patología , Testículo/patología , Animales , Búfalos , Forma de la Célula , Masculino , Motilidad Espermática/fisiología , Espermatozoides/fisiologíaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Cryoprotectant free approach successfully removed the impact of physical and chemical damages in preserving human sperm in a vitrification protocol. There is no any report on this technology in farm animal sperm freezing. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to find the efficacy of cholesterol-loaded cyclodextrin (CLC; 1 mg per 60 million) and sucrose (0.1 and 0.2 M) on freezing of the goat epididymal sperm. METHODS: Caudal epididymides (n=5 pairs) were dissected, incised and incubated in the Tris-BSA solution for 15 min, followed by swim-up at room temperature. Sperm was loaded in 0.25 mL French straws and cooled on nitrogen vapor for 3 min then immersed in liquid nitrogen and remained for 48 h. Then the straws thawed by immersing in 37 degree C waterbath for 30 sec and analyzed. RESULT: The results showed the impact of freezing on the goat epididymal sperm motility, viability and DNA fragmentation that were improved by incorporation of CLC and sucrose (0.2 M). CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, the goat epididymal sperm was frozen in a cryoprotectant-free freezing model. CLC and 0.4 M sucrose protected the goat epididymal sperm against freezing-induced damages.
Asunto(s)
Criopreservación/métodos , Epidídimo/citología , Sustancias Protectoras/farmacología , Preservación de Semen , Espermatozoides/citología , Animales , Supervivencia Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Colesterol/farmacología , Ciclodextrinas/farmacología , Fragmentación del ADN/efectos de los fármacos , Epidídimo/efectos de los fármacos , Epidídimo/fisiología , Cabras , Masculino , Motilidad Espermática/efectos de los fármacos , Espermatozoides/efectos de los fármacos , Espermatozoides/fisiología , Sacarosa/farmacologíaRESUMEN
Visceral Leishmania (VL) with diverse clinical manifestation is prevalent and remains a major public health problem in Iran. This study was performed in Ahwaz, Khozestan province southwest to increase immune system and to reduce of the renal lesions. Treatment of dogs with visceral leishmaniosis is basically the same as the treatment of human. However, cure is not usually achieved, leaving the sacrifice of animal as the only feasible choice. The goal of this work was to test the therapeutic efficacy of N-methyl glutamic antimoate (glucnime), Mycobacterium vaccae adjuvant (SRL 172), alone and in association with L. major promastigote and the latter compound in association to glucantime, in dog with visceral leishmaniasis. In this trial 18, mixed bred dogs with different ages, receiving amastigte promastigote of L. infantum intravenously were used. They were monitored for 6 months. Serologic assays (Elisa, Dot and IFAT) were performed on blood samples of each animal. The animals were divided into six groups, each having 3 dogs: Group 1: receiving 100 mg kg(-1) day(-1) Glucantime for 30 days, IM. Group 2: Receiving 3 mg dog(-1) (0.1 mL) of Mycobacterium vaccae adjuvant suspension intradermaly. Group 3: receiving L. major promastigote plus M. vaccae adjuvant each of them 0.1 mL intradermaly by one month intervals for 3 months. Group 4: receiving Glucantime in association L. major promastigote plus M. vaccae adjuvant with previous doses. Group 5: Receiving no treatment. Group 6: was control group with no infection and treatment. In microscopic evaluation following lesions have been shown in kidney: Chronic, interstitial nephritis, sever glomerulosclerosis, membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis and also non suppurative nephritis were the lesions in 5 groups. The prescription of Mycobacterium vaccae adjurant was able to reduce the number of parasites in the macrophages of liver and spleen in this round of treatment.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Perros/fisiopatología , Riñón/patología , Riñón/parasitología , Leishmaniasis Visceral/fisiopatología , Leishmaniasis Visceral/veterinaria , Animales , Anticuerpos Antiprotozoarios/sangre , Antiparasitarios/farmacología , Enfermedades de los Perros/terapia , Perros , Glomerulonefritis/patología , Humanos , Inmunoterapia/métodos , Leishmaniasis Visceral/terapia , Hígado/parasitología , Nefritis/patología , Bazo/parasitología , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of the length of exposure to an elevated temperature (41 degrees C) on the meiotic competence and DNA damage of porcine oocytes. Oocytes were recovered from ovaries, loaded into straws, and then exposed at 41.0 or 38.5 degrees C (sham control) for 0, 0.5, 1.0, or 1.5h, followed by culture for 44 h. The proportion of oocytes reaching the metaphase II (MII) stage gradually decreased with increasing exposure time, irrespective of the exposure temperature. A higher proportion of oocytes stored at 38.5 degrees C reached MII (57-63%) than those exposed to 41 degrees C (14-29%; P<0.01). The proportion of total oocytes with DNA fragmentation gradually increased with increasing exposure time, irrespective of the exposure temperature. The proportion of DNA fragmentation in total oocytes exposed to 41 degrees C (37-57%) was higher (P<0.01) than that in total oocytes stored at 38.5 degrees C (14-24%). When the oocytes were stored at 38.5 degrees C for up to 1.5 h, there were no differences in the proportions of MII-stage oocytes, with DNA-fragmented nuclei among all groups (P>0.05). However, a higher proportion of MII-stage oocytes exposed to 41 degrees C for more than 1h exhibited DNA-fragmented nuclei, compared with MII-stage oocytes stored at 38.5 degrees C (P<0.05). In conclusion, exposure of porcine oocytes to an elevated temperature had a detrimental effect on the meiotic competence and quality of oocytes; furthermore, the effect was dependent on the duration of exposure.
Asunto(s)
Daño del ADN , Calor/efectos adversos , Meiosis/fisiología , Oocitos/citología , Porcinos , Animales , Fragmentación del ADN , Femenino , Metafase , Oocitos/química , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
The prevalence of Anaplasma infection was studied in cattle, sheep, and goats in the Mashhad area from 1999 to 2002. A total of 160 cattle from 32 farms and 391 sheep and 385 goats from 77 flocks were clinically examined for the presence of Anaplasma spp. in blood smears. The study revealed that 19.37% of cattle were infected with Anaplasma marginale and 80.3% of sheep and 38.92% of goats were infected with Anaplasma ovis. Prevalence of Anaplasma infection between male and female and between different age groups of cattle, sheep, and goats were statistically nonsignificant. Seasonally, the prevalence of Anaplasma infection in sheep and goats reached its highest level in summer, while a decrease was observed in autumn, and reached the lowest level in winter. The seasonal prevalence of Anaplasma infection in cattle was not significantly different. Symptomatic cases were not observed in any of the cattle, sheep, and goats. The ranges of anaplasmatemia in infected cattle, sheep, and goats were 0.005-0.5%, 0.01-3%, and 0.01-3%, respectively.
Asunto(s)
Anaplasmosis/epidemiología , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/microbiología , Enfermedades de las Cabras/microbiología , Enfermedades de las Ovejas/microbiología , Animales , Bovinos , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/epidemiología , Enfermedades de las Cabras/epidemiología , Cabras , Irán/epidemiología , Prevalencia , Ovinos , Enfermedades de las Ovejas/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
Objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of season and dose of FSH on superovulatory responses in Iranian Bos indicus beef cattle (Sistani). Cyclic cows, in summer (n=16) and winter (n=16), were assigned randomly to three dose-treatment groups of 120 (n=10), 160 (n=12) and 200 (n=10) total mg of Folltropin-V with injections given twice daily for 4 days in decreasing doses. Estrous cycles were synchronized with two prostaglandin F2alpha injections given 14 days apart. From day 5 after the ensuing cycle, daily ovarian ultrasonography was conducted to determine emergence of the second follicular wave at which time superovulation was initiated. Relative humidity, environmental and rectal temperatures were measured at 08:00, 14:00 and 20:00 h for the 3 days before and 2 days after the estrus of superovulation. Non-surgical embryo recovery was performed on day 7 after estrus. The effects of season, dose, time of estrous expression and all two-way interactions were evaluated on superovulatory responses: total numbers of CL, unovulated follicles (10 mm), ova/embryo, transferable and non-transferable embryos. Season (summer or winter), doses of Folltropin-V (120, 160 or 200 mg NIH) and time of estrous expression (08:00, 14:00 or 20:00 h) did not affect the number of transferable embryos (3.1+/-0.58). When superovulatory estrus was detected at 08:00, a FSH dose effect was detected with the greatest numbers of CL (12.2+/-0.87) and total ova/embryos (12.2+/-1.46) occurring with 200 mg FSH (dosextime of estrous expression; P<0.01).