RESUMEN
Previous studies have reported positive effects of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on bone healing. This study evaluated the effects of LLLT on peri-implant healing in vivo. Thirty-two rabbits had their mandibular left incisors removed, followed by immediate insertion of a dental implant into the fresh socket. Animals were assigned randomly to four groups: control (non-irradiated) or LLLT at three different doses per session: 5J/cm(2), 10J/cm(2), and 20J/cm(2). A GaAlAs laser (830nm, 50mW) was applied every 48h for 13 days, starting immediately after surgery. The implant stability quotient (ISQ) was measured using resonance frequency analysis upon implant insertion and immediately after death, 30 days after the last application. Tissues were prepared for scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and stereology. Variables measured were bone-implant contact (BIC) and bone neoformation within implant threads at three different sites. The results showed better ISQ for the 20J/cm(2) group (P=0.003). BIC values were significantly higher (P<0.05) in the 20J/cm(2) group, on both SEM and stereology. Bone area values were better in the 10J/cm(2) (P=0.036) and 20J/cm(2) (P=0.016) groups compared to the control group. Under these conditions, LLLT enhanced peri-implant bone repair, improving stability, BIC, and bone neoformation. The findings support and suggest parameters for the design of clinical trials using LLLT after implant placement.
Asunto(s)
Implantación Dental Endoósea/métodos , Implantes Dentales , Terapia por Luz de Baja Intensidad/métodos , Osteogénesis/efectos de la radiación , Cicatrización de Heridas/efectos de la radiación , Animales , Masculino , Mandíbula/cirugía , Microscopía Electrónica de Rastreo , Conejos , Alveolo Dental/cirugíaRESUMEN
Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pseudoankylosis is characterized by limited mouth opening and mandibular movements, resulting from factors outside the joint. The authors present a case of TMJ pseudoankylosis caused by congenital zygomatic malformation and hyperplasia of the coronoid process. Treatment with coronoidectomy and postoperative physiotherapy achieved favorable results.
Asunto(s)
Anquilosis/etiología , Trastornos de la Articulación Temporomandibular/etiología , Cigoma/anomalías , Terapia por Ejercicio , Femenino , Humanos , Hiperplasia , Mandíbula/patología , Mandíbula/cirugía , Rango del Movimiento Articular/fisiología , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Correction of maxillary transverse deficiencies is a common procedure in adult patients presenting dentofacial anomalies. Nasal characteristics of these patients, as well as the effects of these procedures upon nasal patency, have not been well described yet. In the present study, measurements performed by acoustic rhinometry and frontal cephalometry in 13 patients presenting maxillary deficiencies, before and after surgically assisted maxillary expansion (SARME), were compared with those of 10 individuals with normal dentofacial characteristics and without nasal symptoms. The variables analysed were minor cross-sectional area (MCA) and nasal volume, maxillomandibular transverse index and nasal and maxillary width. The results showed a smaller transverse width and MCA in the patients as compared with normal controls. All measurements showed a tendency to increase after SARME. The nasal volumes did not differ. The nasal width showed wide variation. There was no correlation among the variables. Patients presenting maxillary transverse deficiency seem to have lower values for nasal MCA, with a tendency to increase after SARME.