RESUMEN
Se describe el comportamiento de la COVID-19 en la República Bolivariana de Venezuela durante el período febrero-junio 2020, mediante la caracterización epidemiológica según tiempo, espacio, persona y tipo de transmisión de los casos confirmados y fallecidos por esta enfermedad. Se identifican condiciones relacionadas con la mortalidad. Es un estudio descriptivo, observacional, retrospectivo que utilizó la base de datos de COVID-19 del Sistema Único de Información en Salud (SUIS) del Ministerio del Poder Popular para la Salud (MPPS). Se evidencia que después de la confirmación de los primeros casos, la incidencia se mantuvo estable hasta mediados de mayo, cuando la curva de casos confirmados presentó una inflexión abrupta, lo que se relacionó en gran medida con casos importados. La enfermedad ha afectado en su mayoría a personas del sexo masculino, menores de 40 años, con un elevado porcentaje de forma clínica asintomáticas. La letalidad registrada en el período es menos de 1% y está relacionada a la edad avanzada, presencia de comorbilidades como hipertensión arterial y/o diabetes. Se concluye que la COVID-19 ha afectado mayormente a personas menores de 40 años, con casos relacionados en su mayoría con el regreso de connacionales provenientes de países vecinos, con una proporción importante de casos asintomáticos, lo cual a su vez se encuentra asociado a la baja tasa de complicaciones y de mortalidad por esta enfermedad en Venezuela(AU)
The behavior of COVID-19 in the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela during the period February - June 2020, is described through the epidemiological characterization according to time, space, person and type of transmission of the confirmed and deceased cases of this disease. Conditions related to mortality are identified. A descriptive, observational, retrospective study used the COVID-19 database of the Unified Health Information System (SUIS) of the Ministerio del Poder Popular para la Salud (MPPS). It is evident that after the confirmation of the first cases, the incidence remained stable until mid-May, when the curve of confirmed cases presented an abrupt inflection, which was largely related to imported cases. The disease has affected mostly male people, under 40, with a high percentage of clinically asymptomatic. The case fatality rate recorded in the period is less than 1% and is related to old age, the presence of comorbidities such as high blood pressure and / or diabetes. It is concluded that COVID-19 has mainly affected people under 40, with cases mostly related to the return of compatriots from neighboring countries, with a significant proportion of asymptomatic cases, which in turn are associated with the low rate of complications and mortality from this disease in Venezuela(AU).
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Venezuela , Incidencia , Mortalidad , Infecciones por Coronavirus/epidemiología , ComorbilidadRESUMEN
Despite the advantages of using internal ultrasound-assisted lipoplasty instead of the classic tumescent lipoplasty, such as reduced bleeding and tissue damage, the authors found no objective or comparative study of these techniques in humans. For this reason, they conducted a clinical study to determine the amount of bleeding and tissue damage caused by each of the techniques. A simple clinical assay was accomplished at the Jalisco Plastic Surgery Institute on seven female patients scheduled for abdominal lipectomy. Two similar sections of the surgical area were marked for lipoplasty techniques: classic tumescent lipoplasty on one side and internal ultrasound-assisted lipoplasty on the other. Both areas were treated simultaneously by surgeons experienced in each technique. Laboratory tests and histologic studies were performed on the aspirated material and the manipulated tissue, respectively. The fluids sent to the laboratory were analyzed to determine the amount of bleeding and tissue damage. In the laboratory, the degree of lesion and tissue damage was evaluated in the dermis, nerves, blood vessels, and adipose cells. With internal ultrasound-assisted lipoplasty, indicators of tissue damage such as glutamic oxalacetic transaminase, pyruvic oxalacetic transaminase, cholinesterase, and myoglobin showed higher values than with tumescent lipoplasty. The same was found for hemoglobin levels and in the histologic data indicative of tissue damage; both values were statistically significant at < 0.001. Internal ultrasound-assisted lipoplasty was not demonstrated to be more innocuous or to have a selective effect in adipose cells, and it generally resulted in more tissue damage and bleeding than the classic tumescent technique.