RESUMEN
Dias Quiterio, AL, Canero, EA, Baptista, FM, and Sardinha, LB. Skeletal mass in adolescent male athletes and nonathletes: relationships with high-impact sports. J Strength Cond Res 25(12): 3439-3447, 2011-This study examined the relationships between the practice of different categories of sports (high-impact vs. nonimpact) and bone status in adolescent male athletes and investigated differences from an age-matched control group. A total of 54 adolescent male athletes and 26 adolescent nonathletes were evaluated. Bone mineral density, bone mineral content (BMC), and bone area at the whole-body, limbs, and lumbar spine were determined by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, along with total and regional fat-free mass and body fat. The high-impact group included 34 athletes: 9 gymnasts, 18 basketball players, and 7 handball players (age: 15.7 ± 1.6 years; weight: 72.0 ± 15.0 kg; height: 178.5 ± 12.5 cm). The nonimpact group consisted of 20 swimmers (age: 16.4 ± 2.5 years; weight: 66.9 ± 10.4 kg; height: 173.7 ± 10.9 cm). The nonathletic control group included 26 male adolescents (age: 15.9 ± 2.8 years; weight: 64.7 ± 16.3 kg; height: 168.6 ± 15.1 cm). No differences were observed between the nonimpact and the control group in all bone variables, before and after adjustments for maturation level, body weight, and height (p > 0.05). After adjustments for these variables, the high-impact group displayed greater bone mass in most of the measured sites when compared to the other 2 groups (p < 0.001). Subjects in the nonimpact group showed lower values of BMC, particularly in the lower limbs, than both the high-impact and the nonathletic control groups (p < 0.05) after adjustments for maturation, high, and fat-free mass. This study reinforces the positive associations between high-impact physical activities and skeletal health in adolescent boys.
Asunto(s)
Densidad Ósea , Huesos/anatomía & histología , Huesos/fisiología , Deportes/fisiología , Absorciometría de Fotón , Adiposidad , Adolescente , Baloncesto/fisiología , Gimnasia/fisiología , Humanos , Extremidad Inferior/anatomía & histología , Extremidad Inferior/fisiología , Vértebras Lumbares/anatomía & histología , Vértebras Lumbares/fisiología , Masculino , Tamaño de los Órganos , Natación/fisiología , Extremidad Superior/anatomía & histología , Extremidad Superior/fisiologíaRESUMEN
JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: As mudanças na meia-idade estão geralmente associadas a uma diminuição da qualidade de vida (QV). O principal objetivo foi analisar a influência do índice de massa corporal (IMC) na QV de mulheres de meia-idade. MÉTODO: participaram do estudo 432 mulheres, com idade entre 45 e 59 anos (51,9 ± 4,5 anos); IMC entre 16,4 e 44,6 kg/m2 (25 ± 4 kg/m2), escolaridade entre 1 e 13 anos (11 ± 3 anos). A QV foi avaliada pelo WHOQOL bref (OMS), o IMC foi calculado de acordo com o peso e a altura reportados pelas participantes e a prática de atividade física (AF) através do International Physical Activity Questionaire (IPAQ). RESULTADOS: A análise descritiva revelou que os escores obtidos no domínio físico (61% ± 11%), psicológico (63% ± 12%), social (72% ± 21%) e ambiental (69% ± 15%), são indicadores de boa QV e que 75% das mulheres eram ativas. Após a divisão da amostra em 3 grupos de acordo com o IMC (menos de 18,5 kg/m2, entre 18,5 e 24,9 kg/m2 e pelo menos 25 kg/m2), designadamente, o grupo A (17,7 ± 0,6 kg/m2), o grupo B (22,8 ± 1,4 kg/m2), e o grupo C (28,5 ± 3,4 kg/m2), a ANCOVA, ajustada para a AF total, idade e anos de escolaridade evidenciou diferenças, entre o grupo A e os grupos B e C nos domínios sociais (A = 57% ± 6% versus B = 73% ± 1%, p = 0,010; versus C = 72% ± 2%, p = 0,018) e ambiental (A = 60% ± 4% versus B = 69% ± 1%, p = 0,035; versus C = 70% ± 1%, p = 0,038), e entre o grupo A e C no domínio psicológico (A = 57% ± 3% versus C = 64% ± 1%, p = 0,038). CONCLUSÃO: As mulheres de meia-idade magras, devido ao peso insuficiente para a altura, relataram uma QV mais baixa nos domínios social, ambiental e psicológico do que as que têm IMC normal ou acima do normal.(AU)
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Changes in the middle age are usually associated to a decrease in quality of life (QOL). The aim of this study was to analyse the influence of the body mass index (BMI) in QOL of middle age women. METHODS: 432 women aged 45 and 59 years old (51.9 ± 4.5 years of age); BMI between 16.4 and 44.6 kg/m² (25 ± 4 kg/m2), schooling between 1 and 13 years (11 ± 3 years). QOL was assessed through the WHOQOL-bref (WHO), the BMI was calculated according to the weight and height reported by the participants, and the physical activity practice through the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). RESULTS: The descriptive analysis revealed that the obtained scores in the physical (61% ± 11%), psychological (63% ± 12%), social (72% ± 21%), and environmental (69% ± 15%) domain, are indicators of good QOL and that 75% of the women were sufficiently active. After the splitting of the samples into 3 groups according the BMI (less than 18.5 kg/m2, between 18.5 and 24.9 kg/m2 and at least 25 kg/m2), namely, the group A (17.7 ± 0.6 kg/m2), the group B (22.8 ± 1.4 kg/m2), and the group C (28.5 ± 3.4 kg/m2), the ANCOVA, adjusted to the total PA, age, schooling years, showed differences between the group A and the groups B and C in the social (A = 57% ± 6% versus B = 73% ± 1%, p = 0.010; versus C = 72% ± 2%, p = 0.018), and environmental (A = 60% ± 4% versus B = 69% ± 1%, p = 0.035; versus C = 70% ± 1%, p = 0.038) domains, and between the groups A and C in the psychological domain (A = 57% ± 3% versus C = 64% ± 1%, p = 0.038). CONCLUSION: The middle age thin women, due to an insufficient body weight to height, reported a lower QOL in the social, environmental, and psychological domains than the ones presenting normal or above the normal BMI.(AU)