RESUMEN
The data were collected from a brown mustard seeds collection of 18 accessions during two years and in three distinct sites of production in France. The 18 accessions of mustard seeds were selected to be representative of genetic, agronomical and technological variabilities. All accessions were produced in the "Bourgogne" area. This article describes agronomical data (PMG, yield), genotyping data, global composition of mustard seeds (lipids, proteins and polysaccharides) and fine composition of the previous macronutrients potentially involved in the technological properties (fatty acids, storage proteins and osidic composition of polysaccharides). Additional data regarding the potential rheological property of each accessions were also reported. These data can be reused by food industries, breeders and geneticists in order to understand pedoclimatic effects (year and location) and the relation between mustard seed composition and the end-uses properties (paste mustard quality).