RESUMEN
Objetivo. Conocer los impactos en salud percibidos por vecinos y agentes sociales como consecuencia de dos intervenciones de regeneración urbana (nueva lonja de pescado y reordenación de La Herrera Norte/Oeste) en la bahía de Pasaia (Gipuzkoa, España) que han sido objeto de una evaluación del impacto en salud (EIS). Método. Metodología cualitativa. Muestreo teórico e intencional. Generación de información mediante 18 entrevistas personales y cinco grupos de discusión. Análisis conforme al modelo de análisis sociológico del discurso. Triangulación y contraste de los resultados preliminares entre miembros del equipo y participantes del estudio. Resultados. Se identifican cuatro áreas interrelacionadas de impacto en salud: calidad urbana, conectividad, cohesión social y, en menor grado, empleo. Se señalan los aspectos concretos de mejora a tener en cuenta en cada ámbito, así como la influencia del contexto sociopolítico y las concepciones sobre la salud. Las repercusiones del proceso de ejecución de las obras y las diferentes perspectivas según los roles y perfiles sociales de los participantes constituyen hallazgos asimismo importantes. Conclusiones. El conocimiento de las percepciones y expectativas de los afectados mediante los métodos cualitativos aporta elementos e interrelaciones novedosas y necesarias para la aplicación de la EIS como herramienta de mejora de la salud y de participación ciudadana (AU)
Aim. To determine the health impact perceived by residents and social players involved in two urban regeneration interventions (a new fish market and the redevelopment of North/West Herrera) in Pasaia Bay (Gipuzkoa, Spain) that have been the subject of a health impact assessment (HIA). Method. Qualitative methodology was used with theoretical and intentional sampling. Information was obtained through 18 personal interviews and five discussion groups and was analyzed in accordance with the sociological analysis model of discourse. The preliminary results were triangulated and contrasted among the team members and those taking part in the study. Results. Four interrelated areas of health impact were identified: urban quality, connectivity, social cohesion, and-to a lesser extent-employment. Specific aspects for improvement were indicated for each field, as well as the influence of the sociopolitical context and conceptions of health. Other significant findings were the impact of the process of carrying out the building work and the distinct perspectives due to the differing roles and social profiles of participants. Conclusions. Knowledge of the perceptions and expectations of affected individuals through qualitative methods provides novel elements and interrelations that are needed to apply HIA as a tool for improving health and for citizen participation (AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , /métodos , /normas , Ambiente/políticas , Evaluación del Impacto en la Salud/instrumentación , Evaluación del Impacto en la Salud/métodos , Evaluación del Impacto en la Salud , Factores Socioeconómicos , Participación Social , Grupos Focales/métodosRESUMEN
AIM: To determine the health impact perceived by residents and social players involved in two urban regeneration interventions (a new fish market and the redevelopment of North/West Herrera) in Pasaia Bay (Gipuzkoa, Spain) that have been the subject of a health impact assessment (HIA). METHOD: Qualitative methodology was used with theoretical and intentional sampling. Information was obtained through 18 personal interviews and five discussion groups and was analyzed in accordance with the sociological analysis model of discourse. The preliminary results were triangulated and contrasted among the team members and those taking part in the study. RESULTS: Four interrelated areas of health impact were identified: urban quality, connectivity, social cohesion, and-to a lesser extent-employment. Specific aspects for improvement were indicated for each field, as well as the influence of the sociopolitical context and conceptions of health. Other significant findings were the impact of the process of carrying out the building work and the distinct perspectives due to the differing roles and social profiles of participants. CONCLUSIONS: Knowledge of the perceptions and expectations of affected individuals through qualitative methods provides novel elements and interrelations that are needed to apply HIA as a tool for improving health and for citizen participation.