RESUMEN
A cross-sectional study was carried out on 1708 students from Mansoura University, Egypt, to describe the pattern of physical activity, predictors of physical inactivity and perceived barriers to and benefits of physical activity. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used to measure physical activity. Data were analysed according to the guidelines for data processing and analysis of the IPAQ. Perceived barriers to and potential benefits of physical activity were asked for. More than 11% of students were physically inactive. On logistic regression analysis, the independent predictors of physical inactivity were high socioeconomic standard of the family (OR 2.1), female sex (OR 1.8), medical education (OR 1.8) and non-membership in sports clubs OR 1.6). The most frequent barriers to physical activity were time limitation and lack of accessible and suitable sporting places. More than 70% of the participants stated that physical activity promotes and maintains health.
Asunto(s)
Ejercicio Físico , Promoción de la Salud , Actividad Motora , Conducta Sedentaria , Adolescente , Adulto , Egipto , Femenino , Encuestas Epidemiológicas , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Análisis Multivariante , Factores de Riesgo , Estudiantes/estadística & datos numéricosRESUMEN
A cross-sectional study was carried out on 1708 students from Mansoura University, Egypt, to describe the pattern of physical activity, predictors of physical inactivity and perceived barriers to and benefits of physical activity. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire [IRAQ] was used to measure physical activity. Data were analysed according to the guidelines for data processing and analysis of the IRAQ. Perceived barriers to and potential benefits of physical activity were asked for. More than 11% of students were physically inactive. On logistic regression analysis, the independent predictors of physical inactivity were high socioeconomic standard of the family [OR 2.1], female sex [OR 1.8], medical education [OR 1.8] and non-membership in sports clubs [OR 1.6]. The most frequent barriers to physical activity were time limitation and lack of accessible and suitable sporting places. More than 70% of the participants stated that physical activity promotes and maintains health
Asunto(s)
Estudiantes , Universidades , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Factores Socioeconómicos , Actividad MotoraRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether the differentiated resection technique for excising superficial bladder cancer leads to higher recurrence and progression rates as compared with regular resection. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We evaluated 163 patients, 66 undergoing a differentiated and 97 a regular resection. All patients underwent a routine second resection within 6-10 weeks. Recurrence and progression rates as well as tumour persistence on second resection were analyzed. RESULTS: Patients with differentiated resections of bladder tumours did not have higher tumour recurrence and progression rates. Also, these patients had a significantly higher percentage of tumour-free second resections (p = 0.03). CONCLUSION: The differentiated resection technique for excising superficial bladder cancer has no negative influence on recurrence and progression rates, but it leads to a reduced tumour persistence.
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Carcinoma de Células Transicionales/patología , Carcinoma de Células Transicionales/cirugía , Cistectomía/métodos , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia/patología , Neoplasias de la Vejiga Urinaria/patología , Neoplasias de la Vejiga Urinaria/cirugía , Anciano , Carcinoma de Células Transicionales/mortalidad , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Neoplasia Residual , Estudios Retrospectivos , Tasa de Supervivencia , Resultado del Tratamiento , Neoplasias de la Vejiga Urinaria/mortalidad , Cirugía Asistida por VideoRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: We are presenting a rare complication after femorofemoral bypass surgery. CASE REPORT: In a 61-year-old male patient, a femorofemoral crossover bypass graft was inadvertently placed through the urinary bladder. Postoperatively, the patient developed macrohematuria, which cleared spontaneously. The diagnosis of an intravesical graft was made 3 months after surgery by cystoscopy performed because of dysuria. The patient underwent open bladder surgery 7 months later as he refused earlier intervention. The misplaced graft, which was not infected and showed good function and perfusion, was extravesically relocated. At a 16-month follow-up examination, the patient is free of urological symptoms and the bypass functions well. CONCLUSIONS: In case of dysuria or macrohematuria after vascular surgery in the vicinity of the urinary bladder, a misplaced bypass should be excluded.
Asunto(s)
Arteriopatías Oclusivas/cirugía , Prótesis Vascular , Arteria Femoral/cirugía , Cuerpos Extraños/diagnóstico , Migración de Cuerpo Extraño/diagnóstico , Pierna/irrigación sanguínea , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/diagnóstico , Vejiga Urinaria , Anastomosis Quirúrgica , Estudios de Seguimiento , Cuerpos Extraños/cirugía , Migración de Cuerpo Extraño/cirugía , Hematuria/etiología , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Reoperación , Vejiga Urinaria/lesiones , Trastornos Urinarios/etiologíaRESUMEN
To examine the prevalence, determinants, impact and treatment practices of dysmenorrhoea, we studied 664 female students in secondary schools in urban and rural areas. Data was collected through a self-administered questionnaire. About 75% of the students experienced dysmenorrhoea (mild 55.3%, moderate 30.0%, severe 14.8%). Most did not seek medical advice although 34.7% treated themselyes. Fatigue, headache, backache and dizziness were the commonest associated symptoms. No limitation of activities was reported by 47.4% of student with dysmenorrhoea, but this was significantly more reported by students with severe dysmenorrhoea. Significant predictors of dysmenorrhoea were older age, irregular or long cycle and heavy bleeding.
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Dismenorrea/epidemiología , Estudiantes/estadística & datos numéricos , Actividades Cotidianas , Adolescente , Distribución por Edad , Distribución de Chi-Cuadrado , Costo de Enfermedad , Estudios Transversales , Dismenorrea/etiología , Dismenorrea/prevención & control , Dismenorrea/psicología , Egipto , Femenino , Encuestas Epidemiológicas , Humanos , Incidencia , Modelos Logísticos , Menarquia , Análisis Multivariante , Vigilancia de la Población , Prevalencia , Características de la Residencia , Factores de Riesgo , Autocuidado/métodos , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Perfil de Impacto de Enfermedad , Factores Socioeconómicos , Estudiantes/psicología , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
To examine the prevalence, determinants, impact and treatment practices of dysmenorrhoea, we studied 664 female students in secondary schools in urban and rural areas. Data was collected through a self-administered questionnaire. About 75% of the students experienced dysmenorrhoea [mild 55.3%, moderate 30.0%, severe 14.8%]. Most did not seek medical advice although 34.7% treated themselves. Fatigue, headache, backache and dizziness were the commonest associated symptoms. No limitation of activities was reported by 47.4% of student with dysmenorrhoea, but this was significantly more reported by students with severe dysmenorrhoea. Significant predictors of dysmenorrhoea were older age, irregular or long cycle and heavy bleeding
Asunto(s)
Actividades Cotidianas , Adolescente , Distribución de Chi-Cuadrado , Costo de Enfermedad , DismenorreaRESUMEN
Glucocorticoids exert their anti-inflammatory action in part by influencing macrophages. As regulation of macrophage function involves ion channels, the present study was performed to elucidate the influence of glucocorticoids on macrophage ion channel activity. To this end, the effects of corticosteroids on the sodium conductance in human monocytic cells (U937) was studied using whole-cell and outside-out patch-clamp techniques. Increasing extracellular osmolarity from 310 to 420 mosmol/kg led to cell shrinkage followed by marked activation of inward whole-cell current from -36+/-2 to -72+/-9 pA (n=13; recorded at -150 mV voltage with CsCl intracellular solution, NaCl extracellular solution) while outward current remained unchanged. The increase of inward current was accompanied by a positive shift of reversal potential and was sensitive to amiloride (100 microM). The activation of inward current by shrinkage was not observed when external sodium was replaced by potassium, indicating that the shrinkage-stimulated conductance is sodium selective. Outside-out single-channel measurements revealed a unitary conductance of 6+/-1 pS (n=5) for the sodium-selective amiloride-sensitive current. Pretreating the cells with deoxycorticosterone (100 nM/6 h) markedly upregulated the shrinkage-activated Na+ current. In conclusion, human macrophage-like U937 cells express a sodium-selective shrinkage-activated channel which is upregulated by corticosteroids. Activation of the channel may increase cell volume, an effect of glucocorticoids in other cells.
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Tamaño de la Célula , Glucocorticoides/farmacología , Macrófagos/citología , Macrófagos/fisiología , Canales de Sodio/efectos de los fármacos , Canales de Sodio/fisiología , Amilorida/farmacología , Tamaño de la Célula/efectos de los fármacos , Cesio , Cloruros , Desoxicorticosterona/farmacología , Conductividad Eléctrica , Expresión Génica/efectos de los fármacos , Humanos , Macrófagos/efectos de los fármacos , Concentración Osmolar , Técnicas de Placa-Clamp , Cloruro de Potasio/farmacología , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa de Transcriptasa Inversa , Canales de Sodio/genética , Cloruro de Sodio , Soluciones , Células U937RESUMEN
Although the subtypes of serotonin 5-HT1 receptors have distinct structure and pharmacology, it has not been clear if they also exhibit differences in coupling to cellular signals. We have sought to compare directly the coupling of 5-HT1A and 5-HT1B receptors to adenylyl cyclase and to the mitogen-activated protein kinase ERK2 (extracellular signal-regulated kinase-2). We found that 5-HT1B receptors couple better to activation of ERK2 and inhibition of adenylyl cyclase than do 5-HT1A receptors. 5-HT stimulated a maximal fourfold increase in ERK2 activity in nontransfected cells that express endogenous 5-HT1B receptors at a very low density and a maximal 13-fold increase in transfected cells expressing 230 fmol of 5-HT1B receptor/mg of membrane protein. In contrast, activation of 5-HT1A receptors stimulated only a 2.8-fold maximal activation of ERK2 in transfected cells expressing receptors at 300 fmol/mg of membrane protein but did stimulate a 12-fold increase in activity in cells expressing receptors at 3,000 fmol/mg of membrane protein. Similarly, 5-HT1A, but not 5-HT1B, receptors were found to cause significant inhibition of forskolin-stimulated cyclic AMP accumulation only when expressed at high densities. These findings demonstrate that although both 5-HT1A and 5-HT1B receptors have been shown to couple to G proteins of the Gi class, they exhibit differences in coupling to ERK2 and adenylyl cyclase.
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Inhibidores de Adenilato Ciclasa , Proteínas Quinasas Dependientes de Calcio-Calmodulina/metabolismo , Receptores de Serotonina/metabolismo , Adenilil Ciclasas/metabolismo , Animales , Células CHO , Colforsina/farmacología , Cricetinae , AMP Cíclico/metabolismo , Activación Enzimática , Proteína Quinasa 1 Activada por Mitógenos , Receptor de Serotonina 5-HT1B , Receptores de Serotonina/genética , Receptores de Serotonina 5-HT1 , TransfecciónRESUMEN
In a study designed to identify the electrophysiologic characteristics of the Transcendental Meditation Program, 52 periods of spontaneous respiratory suspension (RS) were observed in 18 subjects during the practice of this program. These periods were correlated with some but not all the subjective experiences of pure consciousness. Nineteen RS periods (belonging to 11 subjects) free from any artifact were selected for EEG analysis. The mean total EEG coherence over all frequencies and over nine derivations for TM subjects showed a significant increase during the RS periods as compared to pre- and post-RS control periods. There was no significant change in mean total EEG coherence in a control group of 30 subjects voluntarily holding their breath. The heart rate showed a significant decrease during the RS periods in both the experimental and control groups, whereas there was no significant change in EEG alpha power in either group. These findings extend those of previous studies and help characterize the physiologic correlates of the state of pure consciousness during the TM program.