RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to know the prevalence of the hepatitis B virus markers of infection in immigrants, to explain the demographic factors determinant for the convenience of hepatitis B immunization and to evaluate the usefulness of previous screening based on the prevalence of infection. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Transversal descriptive study including 1,226 immigrants. Age, sex, birth place, serologic virus markers and vaccine convenience were analyzed. A logit model for each sex, the vaccination probabilities, contrasts related with a reference category and the odds ratios (OR) were estimated. RESULTS: 73.25% of immigrants were men. The mean of age was 29.57 (SD = 9.31) in men and 29.98 (SD = 13.89) in women. Men were mostly born in South Asia (32%) and women were in sub-Saharian Africa (35%). The probability of hepatitis B immunization convenience in both sex were 29.1% in those born in sub-Saharian Africa, and higher than 91.5% in those from America. This probability was higher than 85.8% up to twenty years old, and higher than 55.7% in older than forty. All zones showed a percentage of patients with hepatitis B immunization convenience greater than sub-Saharian Africa (OR +/- 2.4). CONCLUSIONS: Age and birth place explain the convenience of hepatitis B immunization. In the American immigrants it would result more efficient the massive immunization, while in the sub-Saharian population it would be better a previous screening because the prevalence of hepatitis B virus markers of infection is very high. Probability of hepatitis B immunization convenience decreases as age increases.
Asunto(s)
Emigración e Inmigración , Vacunas contra Hepatitis B/administración & dosificación , Hepatitis B/epidemiología , Hepatitis B/prevención & control , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Prevalencia , Probabilidad , Estudios Seroepidemiológicos , Pruebas Serológicas , España/epidemiología , VacunaciónAsunto(s)
Malaria/parasitología , Adolescente , Animales , Niño , Femenino , Humanos , Plasmodium/aislamiento & purificaciónAsunto(s)
Servicio de Urgencia en Hospital/estadística & datos numéricos , Migrantes , Adolescente , Adulto , África Occidental/etnología , Enfermedades de los Trabajadores Agrícolas/epidemiología , Camerún/etnología , Niño , Grupos Diagnósticos Relacionados , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Namibia/etnología , EspañaAsunto(s)
Bilis/análisis , Calcinosis/metabolismo , Enfermedades de la Vesícula Biliar/metabolismo , Calcinosis/diagnóstico por imagen , Colelitiasis/complicaciones , Conducto Cístico , Femenino , Enfermedades de la Vesícula Biliar/diagnóstico por imagen , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , RadiografíaRESUMEN
A general review of bisalbuminemia is presented. Besides congenital bisalbuminemia there is an acquired form of bisalbuminemia that appears following treatment with high dosis of penicillin and cephalosporin, or in cases of acute pancreatitis after the development of a pancreatic pseudocyst. There is one type of abnormal albumin that migrates faster than normal albumin (rapid variant) and another type that is slower (slow variant). Different subtypes of each one have been recognized. There is no immunological difference between normal albumin and the variants. From a clinical point of view, bisalbuminemia per se does not cause any observable alterations. This is an important finding, however, because of the possibility that some physiologic or pharmacologic substances may not be bound to the abnormal variants as well as to normal albumin. When bisalbuminemia appears following an episode of pancreatitis it may be indicative of a pancreatic pseudocyst.
Asunto(s)
Trastornos de las Proteínas Sanguíneas/congénito , Albúmina Sérica/clasificación , Trastornos de las Proteínas Sanguíneas/inducido químicamente , Electroforesis de las Proteínas Sanguíneas , Cefalosporinas/efectos adversos , Humanos , Inmunoelectroforesis , Quiste Pancreático/complicaciones , Pancreatitis/complicaciones , Penicilinas/efectos adversosRESUMEN
Since Legionnaires' disease was diagnosed in Spain for the first time, we have considered it of interest to review the subject and to bring it up to date as much as possible. Legionnaires' disease is an infectious illness which principally affects people in the fifth decade of life and which has been diagnosed in different countries in the world, including Spain. The etiologic agent is a Gram-negative bacteria, which does not grow in the normal culture media and which requires special stains for its identification. Clinically the disease presents as an atypical pneumonia accompanied by gastrointestinal symptoms and hyponatremia as a characteristic laboratory finding. It appears with greater frequency during the summer season in an epidemic form, although isolated cases have been reported during the entire year. It is potentially a very severe condition, and the mortality rate has been calculated at 15--20 percent. A definite diagnosis requires the isolation of the etiologic agent: directly, by stain (direct immunofluorescence, Dieterle's silver stain), isolation and culture in an enriched media (Mueller-Hinton agar supplemented with Iso-Vitalex and hemoglobin), or indirectly by serologic methods (indirect immunofluorescence). Eryhtromycin is the antibiotic of choice with or without the association of another antibiotic of wider spectrum.