RESUMEN
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Minthostachys verticillata (Griseb.) Epling (Lamiaceae), known as Peperina is a medicinal native plant, with a traditional use as a digestive, antispasmodic and antidiarrheic. AIM OF THE STUDY: Despite its folkloric use, no scientific evaluation of this plant related to the gastrointestinal inflammatory process has been carried out to date. The present study aims to assess the effects of M. verticillata on gastrointestinal system in experimental models. MATERIALS AND METHODS: M. verticillata (250 and 500 mg/kg) was orally tested in a colitis model induced by acetic acid. Colon weight/length ratio, oxidative stress (oxidized and reduced glutathione), histological changes using Alcian blue and hematoxylin & eosin staining and expression of IL1ß, TNFα, iNOS, COX-2 were evaluated. The effect of the extract in three additional in vivo models were studied: intestinal motility and diarrhea induced by ricin oil, and visceral pain induced by intracolonic administration of capsaicin. Finally, the activity on concentration response curves of acetylcholine, calcium chloride, potassium and serotonin were achieved in isolated rat jejunum. RESULTS: In the colitis model, M. verticillata induced a significant reduction in the colon weight/length ratio, oxidative stress and expression levels of IL-1ß, iNOS and COX-2. Also, the extract diminished the severity of microscopic tissue damage and showed protective effect on goblet cells. Intestinal motility, diarrhea, visceral pain-related behaviors and referred hyperalgesia were significantly reduced when the animals were treated with the extract. Furthermore, in isolated jejunum, M. verticillata significantly reduced the contraction induced by serotonin and acetylcholine. Likewise, the extract non-competitively inhibited the response-concentration induced by CaCl2 and inhibited both low and high K+-induced contractions. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study to validate traditional use of M. verticillata for digestive disorders and demonstrated that its aqueous extract could represent a promising strategy in targeting the multifactorial pathophysiology of inflammatory bowel disease.
Asunto(s)
Antiinflamatorios/farmacología , Colitis Ulcerosa/tratamiento farmacológico , Lamiaceae/química , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Plantas Medicinales/química , Ácido Acético/toxicidad , Animales , Antiinflamatorios/uso terapéutico , Conducta Animal/efectos de los fármacos , Capsaicina/toxicidad , Aceite de Ricino/toxicidad , Colitis Ulcerosa/inducido químicamente , Colitis Ulcerosa/patología , Colon/efectos de los fármacos , Diarrea/inducido químicamente , Diarrea/tratamiento farmacológico , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Femenino , Motilidad Gastrointestinal/efectos de los fármacos , Hiperalgesia/inducido químicamente , Hiperalgesia/tratamiento farmacológico , Inflamación/inducido químicamente , Inflamación/tratamiento farmacológico , Masculino , Ratones , Extractos Vegetales/uso terapéutico , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Dolor Visceral/inducido químicamente , Dolor Visceral/tratamiento farmacológicoRESUMEN
The interest in lactic acid bacteria, including Lactobacillus plantarum NRRL B-4496, has increased in recent years as bio-preservatives, due to the production of secondary metabolites capable of inhibiting pathogenic bacteria. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the antimicrobial activity, cytotoxicity and the anti-inflammatory response of L. plantarum NRRL B-4496 cell-free supernatant (CFS). Furthermore, the CFS was fractionated by size exclusion chromatography using Sephadex G-25, and a minimal inhibitory volume test was determined against a panel of pathogenic bacteria. The cytotoxicity and the inflammatory activities of the fractions were evaluated using the human-derived THP-1 cell line. Results of this study indicates that CFS of L. plantarum NRRL B-4496 possesses antimicrobial protein compounds against the pathogen Listeria monocytogenes and showed no toxicity nor a pro-inflammatory response to human macrophages. The obtained results contribute to the development of novel bio-preservatives, L. plantarum cell-free supernatant or its fractions, with a potential use in the food industry.
Asunto(s)
Antibacterianos/metabolismo , Medios de Cultivo/química , Lactobacillus plantarum/metabolismo , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Antiinflamatorios/metabolismo , Antiinflamatorios/farmacología , Proteínas Bacterianas , Línea Celular , Supervivencia Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Medios de Cultivo/metabolismo , Humanos , Lactobacillus plantarum/química , Listeria monocytogenes/efectos de los fármacos , Listeria monocytogenes/crecimiento & desarrollo , Macrófagos/efectos de los fármacos , Macrófagos/inmunología , Metabolismo SecundarioRESUMEN
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Passiflora caerulea L. (Passifloraceae) is a medicinal plant commonly used in traditional medicine in South America for different pathologies associated with the gastrointestinal tract. AIM OF THE STUDY: In the present study, the activity of the ethanolic extract of P. caerulea on an experimental colitis model related to inflammatory bowel disease has been investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Colitis was induced by intracolonic instillation of a 2mL of 4% (v/v) acetic acid solution. Macroscopic scoring, myeloperoxidase activity and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances levels were evaluated on isolated colon mucosae. The histopathological studies of colon mucosae were performed by hematoxylin and eosin and Alcian blue staining. Diarrhoea was induced by the administration of castor oil (0.3mL/mouse). The first watery defecation time, the total amount of solid, semi-solid and watery stools and the amount of watery stools were determined. The effect of the extract on a cumulative concentration-response curve of acetylcholine and CaCl2 on isolated rat jejunum was also evaluated. The phytochemical analysis was performed. RESULTS: The extract (250mg/kg, p.o.) induced a significant reduction in the weight/length ratio, the macroscopic lesion score, TBARS levels and the microscopic tissue damage when compared with the acetic acid-treated group of animals. P. caerulea (125mg/kg, p.o.) decreased significantly the amount of watery stools in the castor oil-induced-diarrhoea model. Moreover, the P. caerulea extract antagonized the jejunum contractions induced by Ach (Emax for 0.3mg/mL: 76.25%; Emax for 1mg/mL: 63.47%; Emax for 3mg/mL: 42.01%) and CaCl2 (Emax for 0.3mg/mL: 75.69%; Emax for1 mg/mL: 56.1%; Emax for 3mg/mL: 53.4%). Isoorientin, vitexin, isovitexin, and vicenin-2 were identified in the extract. CONCLUSION: P. caerulea showed anti-inflammatory, anti-diarrhoeal and spasmolityc activities on preclinical models.