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There was conducted examination of 27 patients with pancreatic cancer using clinico-laboratory and instrumental methods: ultrasonic investigation, computeric tomography (CT), magnetic-resonance tomography (MRT). MRT was uninformative when pancreatic tumor was up to 3 cm in diameter. In diagnosis of cystadenocarcinoma, affection of common biliary duct and vessels and in small focal metastatic hepatic affection the results of MRT showed enhanced precision in comparison with CT. Informativity of MRT and CT in diagnosis of metastases in lymph nodes was equal.

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The ray methods of investigation were applied in 182 patients with an acute pancreatitis (AP). In 28% of patients local complications of AP were revealed: pseudocyst, abscess, pancreatic gland phlegmon, the gastric wall infiltration and ulceration, paracolic infiltrate and colonic obstruction, biliary hypertension, portal hypertension, subcapsular and parenchymatous splenic hematoma.

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As many as 616 patients with malignant tumours of the alimentary canal were studied by CT tomography using different contrast mediums and methodical approaches toward identifying the site of the tumour. Based on the comparison of the results obtained from pathomorphologic findings and those from the surgical intervention, CT semiotics has been developed of tumours, criteria established to determine the depth of the tumour invasion and extra-wall spread of the tumour CT potentialities were verified in the diagnosis of metastatic involvement of regional lymph nodes and remote organs as was the role of the method in selection of a specific therapeutic alternative.

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A complex examination of 1400 patients with pathologies of the lungs and mediastinum was carried out using roentgenologic, endoscopic, bioptic and cytologic methods. Diagnosis was confirmed morphologically in 93.7% of cases. More specific information was obtained by express cytologic examination in 97.9% of cases of malignant growth and in 64.4% with benign tumors. On the basis of the test results, preoperative intratumor chemotherapy technique suggested by the authors may be recommended for clinical use.

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The complex examination of 1400 patients with pathologic masses of the lungs and mediastinal organs with the use of roentgenologic, endoscopic, puncture bioptic and cytologic methods was carried out. Morphologic verification of diagnosis was performed in 93.7% of the patients. In express cytologic study, histogenesis of neoplasms of the thoracic cavity organs was specified in 97.9% of cases of a malignant tumour, and in 64.4% of those of a benign one.

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For suspicion of pancreatic cancer 84 patients were subjected to ultrasonic examination, computerized tomography, x-ray of the stomach and duodenum and as indicated endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography combined with external cholangiostomy. The semeiotics of cancer of the pancreas was evaluated on the basis of radiation methods. Practical recommendations on the diagnosis and scope of surgical treatment as assessed preoperatively are given.

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In 12 children with the different forms of anorectal atresia, for studying the state of a sphincter apparatus of the rectum and assessment of quality of its bringing down into the perineum after proctoplasty, computerized tomography of the organs of a small pelvis was used. Underdeveloped and undifferentiated musculus levator ani in children with high anorectal atresia and fistula to the urinary bladder was revealed. The method permits to establish exact location of the intestine brought down relative to musculus levator ani and external anal sphincter.

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In order to study the potentialities of computerized tomography (CT) in the diagnosis of colorectal cancer and assessment of its spreading, 107 patients (subsequently operated on) were investigated. CT of the colon was performed against a background of a contrast study per os, CT of the rectum was performed against a background of inserting a thin wall latex balloon and rated inflation of it with air. Comparison of the results of this investigation with operative findings led to a description of CT semeiotics of colorectal cancer, and a study of the signs of spreading to various organs and structures as well as of metastatic involvement of the regional lymph nodes and liver. The use of CT for colorectal cancer in combination with other methods of examination helped choose the optimum therapeutic tactics and define the volume of operation.

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Roentgenpneumopolygraphy (RPPG) was used to examine 48 patients with bronchial asthma and all patients showed a reduction of one or several indices of zonal ventilation and/or biomechanics of the respiratory act. Inhalation of broncholytics improved all indices of RPPG. But most patients revealed local disorders of ventilation resistant to the effect of broncholytic agents. Local therapy of the corresponding lung regions produced a positive effect.

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The results of radio- and chemoradiotherapy of 109 patients with pulmonary cancer after exploratory thoracotomy were studied. In these patients, the tumour invasion to the adjacent organs and vessels, involvement of the root of a lung and lymphatic mediastinal nodes, metastatic pleural lesion were revealed. As a result of the use of radio- and chemoradiotherapy, the tumour diminishing was documented in 48.8 and 53.2% of the cases, respectively. The adverse effects were cupped off in most patients by means of the symptomatic agents. A conclusion of the expediency to perform radio- and chemoradiotherapy in patients with pulmonary cancer after exploratory thoracotomy was made.

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