RESUMEN
ARACHnase (Hemostasis Diagnostics International Co., Denver, CO) is a normal plasma that contains a venom extract from the brown recluse spider, Loxosceles reclusa, which mimics the presence of a lupus anticoagulant (LA). Seven activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) reagents were used for platelet neutralization procedure (PNP) testing with ARACHnase: Automated APTT (Organon-Teknika, Durham, NC); Thrombofax and Thrombosil (Ortho, Raritan, NJ); Actin and Actin FSL (Dade, Aguado, PR); and Thromboscreen-Kontact and Thromboscreen-APTT LS (Pacific-Hemostasis, Ventura, CA). ARACHnase consistently displayed a positive PNP result of greater than 5 seconds correction of the initial baseline APTT. Thus, ARACHnase may provide a positive control for LA testing, regardless of the choice of APTT reagent and activator/phospholipid combination.
Asunto(s)
Inhibidor de Coagulación del Lupus/efectos de los fármacos , Plasma/efectos de los fármacos , Inhibidores de Agregación Plaquetaria/farmacología , Juego de Reactivos para Diagnóstico , Venenos de Araña , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Tiempo de Tromboplastina Parcial , Sensibilidad y EspecificidadRESUMEN
A purified toxic protein from Loxosceles reclusa venom was assayed for its in vitro effects on the human immunological and blood clotting systems. The toxin caused inhibition of neutrophil chemotaxis, depletion of serum hemolytic complement, prolongation of the activated partial thromboplastin time and depletion of clotting factors XII, XI, IX and VIII by an average of 44% in human plasma. The prothrombin time of human plasma was also prolonged by 1.5-2.0 sec. No effect of the purified toxin was observed on microbicidal ability of neutrophils, the release of enzymes from neutrophils or the adherence of neutrophils to glass beads.
Asunto(s)
Venenos de Artrópodos/toxicidad , Coagulación Sanguínea/efectos de los fármacos , Inmunidad/efectos de los fármacos , Venenos de Araña/toxicidad , Factores de Coagulación Sanguínea/metabolismo , Hemólisis/efectos de los fármacos , Humanos , Técnicas In Vitro , Neutrófilos/efectos de los fármacos , Neutrófilos/enzimología , Tiempo de Tromboplastina Parcial , Tiempo de ProtrombinaAsunto(s)
Venenos de Artrópodos/toxicidad , Venenos de Araña/toxicidad , Alanina Transaminasa/sangre , Animales , Aspartato Aminotransferasas/sangre , Sangre/efectos de los fármacos , Glucemia/análisis , Creatina Quinasa/sangre , Electrólitos/sangre , Hemólisis/efectos de los fármacos , Isoenzimas , L-Lactato Deshidrogenasa/sangre , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos C3HAsunto(s)
Venenos de Artrópodos/aislamiento & purificación , Venenos de Araña/aislamiento & purificación , Arañas , Toxinas Biológicas/aislamiento & purificación , Animales , Hemólisis/efectos de los fármacos , Humanos , Técnicas In Vitro , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos C3H , Necrosis/inducido químicamente , Conejos , Venenos de Araña/toxicidad , Toxinas Biológicas/toxicidadRESUMEN
Roentogenographic techniques in the evaluation of the patient with a cervical spine injury entail several considerations that should be respected in defining and classifying the lesion according to the mechanism of injury. Unilateral or bilateral facet dislocation with separation of posterior elements usually implies disruptive flexion injury. Anterior wedging of a vertebral body indicates flexion with some degree of compression. Comminution of the vertebral body indicates a predominant compressive element to the injury. An anterior-inferior marginal fracture indicates extension injury. Impaction of the inferior articulating processes or fracture of the pedicle producing a more horizontal appearance of the facet indicates disruption of interspinous ligaments and the probability that significant instability exists. Studies should not be terminated until complete visualization of all cervical segments has been obtained, including the cervico-thoracic junction.
Asunto(s)
Vértebras Cervicales/lesiones , Traumatismos de la Médula Espinal/diagnóstico por imagen , Traumatismos Vertebrales/diagnóstico por imagen , Fracturas Óseas/clasificación , Fracturas Óseas/diagnóstico por imagen , Humanos , Mielografía , Traumatismos de la Médula Espinal/terapia , Traumatismos Vertebrales/clasificación , Traumatismos Vertebrales/terapia , Columna Vertebral/diagnóstico por imagenRESUMEN
A longitudinal study evaluating the degree of rotation of the bimalleolar axis of tibia and fibula at birth, 6 month, 12 months and 24 months revealed a gradual statistically significant external rotation from a mean of 4 degrees at birth to a mean of 11 degrees at 24 months. There was no correlation with the sex or race of the child or with the age at which the child began independent walking. It is concluded that this external rotation is a part of normal growth and development of the infants' lower extremities.
Asunto(s)
Pierna/crecimiento & desarrollo , Tibia , Niño , Preescolar , Peroné , Humanos , Lactante , Recién Nacido , Estudios Longitudinales , Anomalía TorsionalRESUMEN
Spinal injuries with neurologic sequelae are a rare but catastrophic injury. Many of these injuries might be preventable through proper parent and child education, particularly in water sports and vehicles accidents. A significant number of neurologic injuries are incomplete at the time of injury and proper rescue and initial care may make the difference between life as a quadriplegic and life as a normal individual. Because of the complexity of the management of the child with spinal injuries and their relative rarity, the definitive care is best undertaken at hospitals which specialize in the care of spinal injuries. Progressive deformity of the spine, a problem unique to childhood and adolescent paralysis, is often preventable with prolonged immobilization and protection of the spine. Progressive deformities which interfere with function or result in neurologic deterioration require an aggressive surgical approach.