RESUMEN
Four institutes, all of which are involved in nuclear-emergency management in the Dutch-German border region, have compared their short-range dispersion and radiological dose models using scenarios consisting of single-station meteorology and two dispersed radionuclides. After adjustment of some of the parameters, the consequence of the differences in parameters on the effective dose was quantified at several stages from source to exposure. Results for the neutral stability class agreed within a factor of four. Variations in wet deposition of radioactive material, giving rise to external radiation from the ground, can cause significant variations to the effective dose. Furthermore, the way the different emergency-management tools model the atmospheric dispersion for a stable stability class in the horizontal plane can generate large differences. Finally, the methodology of calculating cloudshine is not comparable among the models, which causes the effective dose near the source to show large deviations for high emission sources.
Asunto(s)
Urgencias Médicas , Liberación de Radiactividad Peligrosa , Radioisótopos/metabolismo , Accidentes , Movimientos del Aire , Contaminantes Radiactivos del Aire/análisis , Contaminación Ambiental , Alemania , Modelos Teóricos , Países Bajos , Reactores Nucleares , Centrales Eléctricas , Protección Radiológica , Ceniza Radiactiva , Contaminantes RadiactivosRESUMEN
Recently, moderate (CAG)>20 repeat expansions in the alpha1A-voltage-dependent calcium channel gene (CACNL1A4) have been identified in a previously unmapped type of SCA which has been named SCA6. We investigated the (CAG)n repeat length of the CACNL1A4 gene in 733 patients with sporadic ataxia and in 46 German families with dominantly inherited SCA which do not harbor the SCA1, SCA2, or MJD1/SCA3 mutation, respectively. The SCA6 (CAG)n expansion was identified in 32 patients most frequently with late manifestation of the disease. The (CAG)n stretch of the affected allele varied between 22 and 28 trinucleotide units and is therefore the shortest trinucleotide repeat expansion causing spinocerebellar ataxia. The (CAG)n repeat length is inversely correlated with the age at onset. In 11 parental transmissions of the expanded allele no repeat instability has been observed. Repeat instability was also not found for the normal allele investigating 431 meioses in the CEPH families. Analyzing 248 apparently healthy octogenerians revealed one allele of 18 repeats which is the longest normal CAG repeat in the CACNL1A4 gene reported. The SCA6 mutation causes the disease in approximately 10% of autosomal dominant SCA in Germany. Most importantly, the trinucleotide expansion was observed in four ataxia patients without obvious family history of the disease which necessitates a search for the SCA6 (CAG)n expansion even in sporadic patients.
Asunto(s)
Canales de Calcio/genética , Degeneraciones Espinocerebelosas/genética , Repeticiones de Trinucleótidos , Edad de Inicio , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Frecuencia de los Genes , Genes Dominantes , HumanosAsunto(s)
Coronas , Dentadura Parcial , Técnica de Perno Muñón , Pilares Dentales , Humanos , Masculino , Tratamiento del Conducto Radicular , TitanioRESUMEN
36 patients with clicking of the TMJ during chewing were examined to determine the influence of clicking sounds on masticatory performance. Electrognathographic measurements of chewing movements in the sagittal plane were compared with the electronic records of clicking sounds. Four characteristic features of chewing movements associated with the incidence of clicking sounds could be identified.
Asunto(s)
Masticación , Síndrome de la Disfunción de Articulación Temporomandibular/fisiopatología , Electrónica Médica , Humanos , Sonido , Síndrome de la Disfunción de Articulación Temporomandibular/diagnósticoRESUMEN
In diagnosis and therapy of temporomandibular joint disorders magnetic resonance imaging is an ideal method for visualizing hard and soft tissue structures of the temporo-mandibular joint in a short examination. In this paper we present the main criteria used in interpretating magnetic resonance images and explain these criteria in patient cases.
Asunto(s)
Trastornos de la Articulación Temporomandibular/diagnóstico , Cartílago Articular/patología , Humanos , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Cóndilo Mandibular/patologíaRESUMEN
Euphylong is a theophylline preparation with new galenic slow-release design (micropellets in a capsule), developed for daily single-dose administration in the evening. It has been shown that the majority of patients with bronchial asthma, chronic obstructive bronchitis or emphysema who receive a single evening dose of Euphylong have a theophylline serum concentration that remains within the therapeutic range for 24 hours when the theophylline serum concentration measured at 8 a.m. under steady-state conditions is found to lie within the therapeutic range.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades Pulmonares Obstructivas/tratamiento farmacológico , Teofilina/administración & dosificación , Adulto , Anciano , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Esquema de Medicación , Femenino , Humanos , Enfermedades Pulmonares Obstructivas/sangre , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Teofilina/farmacocinéticaRESUMEN
Based on the case of one patient with persistent TMJ disorders a method is described where the use of electrognathographic measurements allows the localization of particularly interesting functional TMJ positions for magnetic resonance imaging. This method renders morphological TMJ alterations of functional importance more easy to detect.