RESUMEN
PURPOSE: Abdominal wall hernias are a common problem. The success of abdominal wall reconstruction decreases with increasing hernia size. This study summarizes the outcomes of one surgeon's experience using a "sandwich" technique for hernia repair in patients with loss of abdominal domain. METHODS: We reviewed our ventral hernia repair (VHR) experience from 2008 to 2015 among patients with loss of domain, as defined by a hernia defect greater than 300 cm2. The percent of herniation through the defect, defined by a hernia sac-to-abdominal cavity volume ratio, was measured on preoperative CT scans by four independent reviewers and averaged. Outcomes were compared among those with giant ventral hernias (hernia sac-to-abdominal cavity volume >30%) and those with smaller defect ratios. RESULTS: Over the study period, 21 patients underwent VHR. In 17 patients (81%), a "sandwich" technique was utilized. Ten patients had hernia sac-to-abdominal cavity defects less than 30%, and 11 had defects greater than 30%. Preoperative characteristics were similar in both groups with the exception of a higher ASA score in those with giant ventral hernias and more Ventral Hernia Working Group Grade 3 hernias in those without giant ventral hernias. Postoperative outcomes were similar in both groups. There were no mortalities. There were two recurrences (18%) in the giant VHR group and none in the smaller defect group (p = 0.16). Surgical site occurrences were noted in 48% of patients and did not differ between giant and non-giant VHR groups (50 vs 45%, p = 0.84). Average postoperative length of stay was significantly longer in the giant VHR group (31 vs. 17 days, p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that the "sandwich" technique for VHR is a safe and durable method to restore abdominal wall integrity in those with LOD, even in patients with giant ventral hernias.
Asunto(s)
Pared Abdominal/cirugía , Hernia Ventral/cirugía , Herniorrafia/métodos , Cavidad Abdominal/diagnóstico por imagen , Cavidad Abdominal/patología , Pared Abdominal/diagnóstico por imagen , Pared Abdominal/patología , Dermis Acelular , Femenino , Hernia Ventral/diagnóstico por imagen , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Tamaño de los Órganos , Estudios Retrospectivos , Mallas QuirúrgicasRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Complex ventral hernia repair (VHR) is a common surgical operation but carries a risk of complications from surgical site infections (SSI) and occurrences (SSO). We aimed to create a predictive risk score to identify patients at increased risk for SSO or SSI within 30 days of surgery. METHODS: Data were prospectively collected on all patients undergoing VHR between January 2008 and February 2015 by a single surgeon. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify independent factors predictive of SSO and SSI. Significant predictors of SSO and SSI were assigned point values based on their odds ratios to create a novel risk score, the Hopkins ventral hernia repair SSO/SSI risk score; predicted and actual rates of outcomes were then compared using weighted regression. RESULTS: During the study period, 362 patients underwent open VHR. Thirty-day SSO and SSI occurred in 18.5 and 10% of patients, respectively. After risk adjustment, ASA class ≥3 (1 point), operative time ≥4 h (2 points), and the absence of a postoperative wound vacuum dressing (1 point) were predictive of 30-day SSO. Predicted risk of SSO utilizing this scoring system was 9.7, 19.4, 29.1, and 38.8% for 1, 2, 3, and 4 points (AUC = 0.73). For SSI, operative time ≥4 h (1 point) and the lack of a wound vacuum dressing (1 point) were predictive. Predicted risk of SSI based on this scoring system was 12.5% for 1 point and 25% for 2 points (AUC = 0.71). Actual vs. predicted rates of SSO and SSI correlated strongly for risk model with a coefficient of determination (R 2) of 0.92 and 0.91, respectively. CONCLUSION: The novel Hopkins ventral hernia repair risk score accurately predicts risk of SSO and SSI after complex VHR. Further studies using a prospective randomized controlled trial will be needed to further validate our findings.
Asunto(s)
Indicadores de Salud , Hernia Ventral/cirugía , Herniorrafia/efectos adversos , Infección de la Herida Quirúrgica/epidemiología , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Femenino , Humanos , Fístula Intestinal/epidemiología , Fístula Intestinal/etiología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Pronóstico , Recurrencia , Medición de Riesgo , Factores de Riesgo , Seroma/epidemiología , Seroma/etiología , Dehiscencia de la Herida Operatoria/epidemiología , Dehiscencia de la Herida Operatoria/etiología , Infección de la Herida Quirúrgica/etiología , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Ventral hernia repair (VHR) is a commonly performed operation, but analysis of patient outcomes based upon hernia size is lacking. We sought to identify differences in operative repair and post-operative morbidity and mortality after open VHR based on hernia defect size. METHODS: Patient and operative data were retrospectively reviewed on all patients undergoing open incisional VHR between January 2008 and February 2015 by a single surgeon at the Johns Hopkins Hospital. Patient variables were described by means for continuous variables and percentages for discrete variables, with differences between groups calculated by Chi-squared analysis. RESULTS: During the study period, 228 patients underwent open VHR during which intraoperative defect size was measured. Patients were split into four groups based upon defect size: less than 200 cm2, 200-300 cm2, 301-400 cm2, and over 400 cm2. Patients with large defects were more likely to present with a recurrent hernia (P = 0.007) and trended towards a history of wound infections (P = 0.07). Operative time was significantly longer as defect size increased (P < 0.001). Component separation was most frequently used in patients with defects 200-300 cm2 in size (P = 0.001), in whom primary closure was most likely to occur. While mesh was used in almost all patients, the specific location (overlay only, underlay only, or overlay with underlay) depended on hernia size (P < 0.001). Mean length of stay increased with defect size (P < 0.001). Larger defect size was associated with increased 30-day morbidity (P = 0.03) but not readmission (P = 0.53), recurrence (P = 0.99), or mortality (P = 0.99). CONCLUSION: Hernia defect size affects operative time and surgical technique for repair of a ventral hernia. Larger defect size is associated with increased post-operative morbidity and length of stay but not readmission, recurrence, or mortality. Hernia size greater than 400 cm2 should not be a limitation to operative repair.
Asunto(s)
Pared Abdominal/patología , Hernia Ventral/patología , Hernia Ventral/cirugía , Herniorrafia/efectos adversos , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Pesos y Medidas Corporales , Femenino , Herniorrafia/métodos , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Retrospectivos , Mallas Quirúrgicas , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
PURPOSE: The authors evaluated the ability of a fibrin sealant (TISSEEL™: Baxter Healthcare Corp, Deerfield, IL, USA) to reduce the incidence of post-operative seroma following abdominal wall hernia repair. METHODS: We performed a 4-year retrospective review of patients undergoing abdominal wall hernia repair, with and without TISSEEL, by a single surgeon (FEE) at The Johns Hopkins Hospital. Demographics, surgical risk factors, operative data and 30-day outcomes, including wound complications and related interventions, were compared. The quantity and cost of Tisseel per case was reviewed. RESULTS: A total of 250 patients were evaluated: 127 in the TISSEEL group and 123 in the non-TISSEEL control group. The average age for both groups was 56.6 years (P = 0.97). The majority of patients were female (TISSEEL 52.8%, non-TISSEEL 56.1%, P = 0.59) and ASA Class III (TISSEEL 56.7%, non-TISSEEL 58.5%, P = 0.40). There was no difference in the average defect size for both groups (TISSEEL 217 ± 187.6 cm(2), non-TISSEEL 161.3 ± 141.5 cm(2), P = 0.36). Surgical site occurrences occurred in 18.1% of the TISSEEL and 13% of the non-TISSEEL group (P = 0.27). There was a trend towards an increased incidence of seroma in the TISSEEL group (TISSEEL 11%, non-TISSEEL 4.9%, P = 0.07). A total of $124,472.50 was spent on TISSEEL, at an average cost of $995.78 per case. CONCLUSIONS: In the largest study to date, TISSEEL™ application offered no advantage for the reduction of post-operative seroma formation following complex abdominal hernia repair. Moreover, the use of this sealant was associated with significant costs.
Asunto(s)
Pared Abdominal/cirugía , Adhesivo de Tejido de Fibrina/uso terapéutico , Hernia Ventral/cirugía , Herniorrafia/efectos adversos , Seroma/prevención & control , Adulto , Anciano , Costos y Análisis de Costo , Femenino , Adhesivo de Tejido de Fibrina/economía , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Retrospectivos , Seroma/etiología , Cicatrización de HeridasRESUMEN
PURPOSE: To our knowledge, there are limited small case series reports on endoscopic component separation (ECS) and no single institutional study comparing the difference in outcomes between laparoscopic and open ventral hernia repairs following endoscopic component separation. METHODS: A single institutional retrospective review was performed, identifying 42 patients who underwent endoscopic component separation at a single institution by a single surgeon for ventral hernia repair with prosthesis from 2010 to 2013. Seventeen patients underwent subsequent open ventral hernia repair (OHR) and 25 underwent laparoscopic ventral hernia repair (LHR). Demographics, surgical factors, wound complications and hernia occurrence post-operatively were reviewed. RESULTS: Surgical factors/demographics were similar between groups. All patients achieved primary fascial and skin closure. Operative time for the laparoscopic group was significantly shorter than the open group (278 vs. 378 min; P = 0.0001), and there was a trend towards a shorter hospital stay in the laparoscopic group (laparoscopic, 4 days; open, 5 days; P = 0.063). Estimated blood loss per case with ECS and subsequent laparoscopy was significantly lower than in the open cases (63 vs. 147 cc; P = 0.0017). In both groups, wound complications occurred in five patients (laparoscopic, 20 %; open, 29 %; P = 0.71). There was one midline hernia recurrence and two lateral abdominal wall hernia occurrences post-operatively in the laparoscopic group, whereas there were no midline and one lateral wall hernia occurrence in the open group. CONCLUSIONS: Patients undergoing endoscopic component separation with subsequent laparoscopic fascial reapproximation had a significantly shorter operative time and estimated blood loss when compared with open fascial reapproximation. Wound complications were similar in both groups although there were a greater number of hernia occurrences post-operatively in the laparoscopic group, though of no statistical significance.