RESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: This study was carried out to evaluate data about trauma-related winter sports, including risk factors such as high speed, gender, age, alcohol consumption, details about the accident and snow conditions. METHODS: A retrospective review was conducted to determine the injury patterns and crash circumstances in holiday skiers and snowboarders. The data recorded were obtained from the database of the Pre-Hospital Emergency Registry of six skiing areas in the Dolomite mountains during the winter seasons November 2004-May 2009, injury data for major traumas from Ski Patrol Injury reports (helicopter, ambulance or ski slopes' patrol reports), and intrahospital Emergency Department data. Alcohol concentration in blood was detected in 200 individuals suffering from major trauma. RESULTS: A total of 4550 injured patients, predominantly male (69%), mean age 22 years (range 16-72), were included in the observational analysis. Knee, wrist and shoulder injuries were frequently associated with major thoracic, abdominal or head traumas (64% of cases). Suboptimal technical level, high speed, low concentration, snow or weather conditions, faulty equipment and protective devices were among the various causes of accidents. The analysis revealed that high alcohol blood concentration was present in 43% of 200 patients. CONCLUSIONS: Even though the major causes of accidents were excessive speed, excessive fatigue, technical errors and bad weather conditions, alcohol abuse was often discovered. Random sampling and a non-systematic detection of alcohol blood levels likely led to an underestimation of alcohol consumption-related injuries. It is recommended that investigations into alcoholic intoxication in injured skiers should be carried out on a large scale.
Asunto(s)
Consumo de Bebidas Alcohólicas/efectos adversos , Traumatismos en Atletas/epidemiología , Deportes de Nieve/lesiones , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Consumo de Bebidas Alcohólicas/epidemiología , Niño , Femenino , Humanos , Italia/epidemiología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Sistema de Registros , Estudios Retrospectivos , Factores de Riesgo , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
To evaluate whether a time pattern exists in the occurrence of suicide, 223 cases observed in Ferrara, Italy, over a 10-year period were considered. The determination of the hour of suicide was precise in 99 cases, presumptive (within a range of 1 hour) in 53, while for another 44 cases it was possible to define a probable time of suicide, grouping into four 6-hour periods (night, morning, afternoon, and evening). The remaining 27 cases were excluded as it was impossible to determine the time reliably. The data were analysed both by means of chi 2 test for goodness-of-fit and by single cosinor. A specific pattern, characterized by a significant peak in the late morning -early afternoon hours was found for the entire sample and sex subgroups.
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Suicidio/estadística & datos numéricos , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Italia/epidemiología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Trastornos del Humor/psicología , Prevalencia , Estudios Retrospectivos , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
Between January 1986 and March 1990, the serum levels of thymidine kinase (TK) were evaluated at diagnosis in 97 patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and 149 patients with multiple myeloma (MM) enrolled in a prospective protocol for treatment of MM. At presentation, patients with MGUS had lower TK levels than those with Stage I MM (P less than 0.05) and the overall population of those with MM (P less than 0.0005). TK levels were increased in advanced stages in comparison with earlier ones (P less than 0.01). The TK level was related to survival. With a median follow-up of 29 months, patients with TK levels greater than 7.0 U/microliters had shorter survival times than those with lower levels (medians, 23 and 42 months; P less than 0.0001). In a multivariate analysis, TK explained most of the variability of survival (P less than 0.0001), the remaining being accounted for by serum creatinine and beta-2 microglobulin. No changes in TK levels occurred during follow-up of patients with stable MGUS, whereas TK levels increased in two patients at time of progression to overt MM. In patients with MM, TK levels decreased (P less than 0.01) in those who responded to treatment but increased in those having relapses (P less than 0.03) and those with progressive disease (P less than 0.03). These results indicate that TK has clinical and prognostic relevance in monoclonal gammopathies, and additional investigations are warranted to determine whether it is a useful tool for the clinical evaluation, staging, and follow-up of patients with MM.
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Hipergammaglobulinemia/enzimología , Mieloma Múltiple/enzimología , Timidina Quinasa/sangre , Anciano , Médula Ósea/patología , Recuento de Células , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Hemoglobinas/análisis , Humanos , Hipergammaglobulinemia/sangre , Hipergammaglobulinemia/tratamiento farmacológico , Inmunoglobulina A/análisis , Inmunoglobulina G/análisis , Cadenas Ligeras de Inmunoglobulina/análisis , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Mieloma Múltiple/sangre , Mieloma Múltiple/tratamiento farmacológico , Mieloma Múltiple/patología , Células Plasmáticas/patología , Estudios Prospectivos , Tasa de SupervivenciaRESUMEN
A sample of about 300 subjects from the Italian population of the Oltrepò Pavese, in Lombardy, was studied for 6 polymorphic genetic markers: ACP1, ADA, ESD, GLO1, PGM1 subtyping and HP. The observed gene frequencies were: ACP1*A = .267, ACP1*B = .697, ACP1*C = .036; ADA*2 = .060; ESD*2 = .119; GLO1*1 = .375; PGM1*1S = .688, PGM1*1F = .095, PGM1*2S = .175, PGM1*2F = .042; HP*1 = .362.
Asunto(s)
Proteínas Sanguíneas/genética , Eritrocitos/enzimología , Polimorfismo Genético , Frecuencia de los Genes , Humanos , ItaliaRESUMEN
Two cases of lethal intoxication involving or due to oral ingestion of zipeprol are described. The two cases concerned abusers of the substance for nonmedical purposes. Data regarding the distribution of the unmodified drug in biological fluids and tissues are presented.