RESUMEN
The diagnosis of leptomeningeal gliomatosis is discussed in relation to a single case studied in detail. Histology showed extensive subarachnoid spread of tumour that seemed to originate in an astrocytoma of the ventricular wall. The spinal fluid was xanthochromic with a high protein content. Reports of primary leptomeningeal gliomatosis are reviewed and the need for detailed histological study of the brain in such cases is emphasised.
Asunto(s)
Glioma/patología , Neoplasias Meníngeas/patología , Anciano , Astrocitoma/patología , Neoplasias Encefálicas/patología , Femenino , Humanos , Neoplasias Primarias Múltiples/patología , Espacio Subaracnoideo/patologíaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To determine the correlation between clinical, psychometric, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings after an episode of hypoglycemic coma resulting in amnesia. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Detailed psychometric assessment, especially memory testing, performed with MRI in a man with severe amnesia after hypoglycemic coma. RESULTS: Psychometric testing confirmed impaired immediate recall. MRI findings were consistent with a lesion in the left temporal lobe. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first description of MRI in determining the neurological damage in hypoglycemic coma.
Asunto(s)
Amnesia/etiología , Hipoglucemia/complicaciones , Adulto , Amnesia/patología , Encéfalo/patología , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/complicaciones , Humanos , Hipoglucemia/patología , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , MasculinoRESUMEN
126 patients with multiple sclerosis and normal visual acuity were submitted to a battery of tests of visual function. The investigation included visual evoked potential, contrast sensitivity by three methods, and a segment of the Farnsworth-Munsell 100 Hue test. 22 of the patients gave a history of unilateral acute optic neuritis and in these the abnormalities were greater in degree. Contrast sensitivity emerged as the most useful test and was abnormal in 92.2% of eyes. Visual evoked potential was delayed in 35.6% and colour vision was abnormal in less than a third. In general, contrast sensitivity was depressed at all frequencies and most of the abnormalities could be identified by testing at a single frequency of 4 cycles/degree.
Asunto(s)
Esclerosis Múltiple/complicaciones , Trastornos de la Visión/etiología , Enfermedad Aguda , Adulto , Percepción de Color , Sensibilidad de Contraste , Potenciales Evocados Visuales , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Esclerosis Múltiple/fisiopatología , Neuritis Óptica/etiología , Trastornos de la Visión/fisiopatología , Agudeza VisualRESUMEN
A 30 year old woman with an 8-year history of thirst and polyuria was found to have cranial diabetes insipidus. There were no neurological abnormalities at presentation but she subsequently developed diverse signs and died 26 months later. Autopsy revealed a diagnosis of diffuse primary cerebral lymphoma. Cranial diabetes insipidus with otherwise minimal abnormality of hypothalamic/pituitary function has not previously been reported as a presentation of this neoplasm.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Encefálicas/complicaciones , Diabetes Insípida/etiología , Linfoma/complicaciones , Adulto , Neoplasias Encefálicas/patología , Femenino , Humanos , Linfoma/patologíaRESUMEN
A man with a painful proximal myopathy had excess lipid deposition in skeletal muscle, excretion of dicarboxylic acids in urine and low acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activities in skeletal muscle mitochondria. In addition he had little immunoreactive short-chain and medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase enzyme protein compared with normal controls. Following treatment with riboflavin there was considerable improvement in his clinical condition which was confirmed by further biochemical and morphological investigations.
Asunto(s)
Acil-CoA Deshidrogenasas/deficiencia , Metabolismo de los Lípidos , Enfermedades Musculares/enzimología , Adulto , Citocromos/metabolismo , Histocitoquímica , Humanos , Técnicas Inmunológicas , Masculino , Microscopía Electrónica , Mitocondrias Musculares/enzimología , Enfermedades Musculares/tratamiento farmacológico , Enfermedades Musculares/metabolismo , Enfermedades Musculares/patología , Oxidación-Reducción , Riboflavina/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
In some people an attack of migraine may be provoked by heading a football or a blow on the face in a rugby tackle. The attack is sometimes alarming and clearly cannot be explained on a basis of trauma alone. Some people only have attacks in this particular circumstance but the majority have spontaneous episodes at other times. The presentation is usually in childhood or early adult life. The syndrome is discussed in relation to reports of seven patients to illustrate the variations which include migraine without headache and persistent features after the attack. The condition is benign but may cause the patient to give up playing football.
Asunto(s)
Traumatismos en Atletas/complicaciones , Traumatismos Craneocerebrales/complicaciones , Trastornos Migrañosos/etiología , Deportes , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Niño , Cefalea/etiología , Humanos , Masculino , Escocia , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
Two boys who were immobilised with peripheral neuropathy developed hypercalcaemia. It is suggested that hypercalcaemia aggravated the muscle weakness as well as producing systemic upset. The hypercalcaemia was controlled with corticosteroids which had to be continued over several months. A satisfactory remission of the disease occurred in both cases. The hypercalcaemia was attributed to immobility in young people with rapid calcium turnover in bone.
Asunto(s)
Hipercalcemia/complicaciones , Enfermedades del Sistema Nervioso Periférico/complicaciones , Adolescente , Niño , Cosintropina/uso terapéutico , Humanos , Hidrocortisona/uso terapéutico , Hipercalcemia/tratamiento farmacológico , Masculino , MovimientoAsunto(s)
Enfermedades de la Mama/etiología , Neoplasias de la Mama/radioterapia , Calcinosis/etiología , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia/radioterapia , Tumor Filoide/radioterapia , Radioterapia de Alta Energía , Neutrones Rápidos/uso terapéutico , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Radioterapia de Alta Energía/efectos adversosRESUMEN
The first case of measles encephalitis occurring in an adult with late onset primary hypogammaglobulinaemia is described. This diagnosis was confirmed by examination of the parietal cortex at autopsy with the electron microscope. As the fatal outcome of this case might have been prevented with immunoglobulin replacement therapy, we suggest that such therapy be commenced following the diagnosis even if the patient has only minor infective episodes.