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1.
Anim Reprod Sci ; 204: 152-164, 2019 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30955923

RESUMEN

To evaluate the effects of moderate dietary restriction and lipid supplementation on ovarian follicular development, hormonal and metabolic profile, thirty-five prepuberal ewe lambs were blocked by body weight and randomly assigned to treatments: ALUS (control) - unsupplemented-diet ad libitum (3.5% ether extract, n = 9); R-US - intake restricted to 85% of the ALUS diet (n = 9); AL-LS - lipid-supplemented-diet ad libitum (9.8% ether extract, n = 8); R-LS - intake restricted to 85% of the ALLS diet (n = 9), from 95 ± 8 days of age until estrus or 7 months of age. Lipid supplementation did not reduce dry matter intake. Daily weight gain was greater in lambs fed ad libitum. Plasma glucose was greater in the RLS treatment group, while serum insulin was less with lipid supplementation. There was a treatment by age interaction on total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol and triglyceride serum concentrations. Estrus was detected in 43% of the animals and the overall ovulation rate was 60%. The number of follicles, diameter of the largest follicle, body weight, age and serum progesterone at puberty did not differ among treatment groups. The mean diameter of the largest follicle was greater in lambs having than in those not having ovulations and increased with age in both groups. There was an interaction between the effects of occurrence of ovulation and age on the number of follicles between 3 and 5 mm and > 5 mm. Lipid supplementation and dietary restriction altered the metabolic profile in ewe lambs with no concomitant changes in values for reproductive variables.


Asunto(s)
Grasas de la Dieta/administración & dosificación , Privación de Alimentos , Lípidos/administración & dosificación , Folículo Ovárico/crecimiento & desarrollo , Maduración Sexual/efectos de los fármacos , Ovinos/fisiología , Alimentación Animal/análisis , Fenómenos Fisiológicos Nutricionales de los Animales , Animales , Dieta/veterinaria , Suplementos Dietéticos , Femenino , Distribución Aleatoria
2.
Ciênc. rural ; 47(5): e20160002, 2017. tab
Artículo en Inglés | LILACS | ID: biblio-839812

RESUMEN

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of total replacement of raw whole soybean (RAW) for roastedwhole soybean (ROS) on the production performance of Holstein cows. Two experiments were carried out usinga simple reversal design where RAW has been completely replaced by ROS. In experiment 1, 22 cows (175±60 days in milk)were used, and the dietary inclusion level of RAW or ROS was 3.7% of dry matter (DM). In experiment 2, 16 cows (130±50 days in milk)were used, and thedietary inclusion level of RAW or ROS was 11% of DM. In both experiments, ROS increased milk production by 1.1kgday-1 without changing fat and protein production. Dry matter intake or milk urea nitrogenwere not affected by dietary soy source. In experiment 2, plasma glucose concentration was decreased, and allantoin/creatinine ratio in urine tended to decreasein ROS. Experiment 2 also evaluated the nutrient digestibility and ruminal degradation kinetics of crude protein in two soybean sources. Roasting had no effect on the digestibility of DM, organic matter, and neutral detergent fiber. Roasted whole soybean hadgreater fraction B and lower protein degradation rate than did RAW; this showed that heat treatment was effective in increasing therumen undegradable amino acid flowto the animal, which suggesteda potential mechanism of action for improved performance observed in ROS.


RESUMO: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito da substituição total de soja integral crua (SC) por soja integral tostada (ST) sobre o desempenho produtivo de vacas Holandês. Foram realizados dois experimentos com delineamento experimental de reversão simples nos quais a SC foi totalmente substituída por ST. No experimento 1, foram utilizadas 22 vacas (175±60DEL) e o nível de inclusão dietética de SC ou ST foi de 3,7% na matéria seca (MS). No experimento 2, foram utilizadas 16 vacas (130±50 DEL) e o nível de inclusão dietético de SC ou ST foi de 11% na MS. Em ambos os experimentos, ST aumentou a produção de leite em 1,1kgd-1, sem alterar as produções de gordura e proteína. O consumo de MS e nitrogênio uréico no leite não foram afetados pela fonte de soja dietética. No experimento 2, a concentração de glicose plasmática foi reduzida e a relação alantoína/creatinina na urina tendeu a ser reduzida por ST. O experimento 2 também avaliou digestibilidade de nutrientes e cinética de degradação ruminal da proteína bruta das duas fontes de soja. Não houve efeito da tostagem nas digestibilidades da MS, matéria orgânica e FDN. A ST apresentou maior fração B e menor taxa de degradação da proteína do que a SC, mostrando que o tratamento térmico foi efetivo em aumentar o fluxo de aminoácidosnão degradáveis no rúmen para o animal, sugerindo um potencial mecanismo de ação para a melhora no desempenho observada com ST.

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