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Analysis of records of surgical patients and protocols of anatomicopathological investigations in autopsy tissues with changes in the lungs characteristic of pneumonia suggest to us that secondary pneumonia comes up to 38.5% of all post mortem examinations. In 9 percent of the deceased, secondary pneumonia appeared to be a direct cause of death. The frequency rate of pneumonia in operated patients ranged between 0.3-0.5% and 68%, this concerning largely aged and senile patients and also those patients with polytraumata, in surgical interventions in organs of the thorax, abdominal cavity, in full-thickness burns. A considerable number (30%) of diagnostic errors of pneumonia in surgical departments is due to a complicated character and extreme diversity of clinical manifestations of the underlying medical condition or polytraumata.

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Reiter's disease in the majority of cases has a postenteral and urogenital genesis, with idiopatic one occurring much more seldom. The clinical picture is rather polymorphous, with typical (full) urethro-oculosinovial symptom complex being encountered in 55 percent of patients, partial one--in 33 percent; in 12 percent of patients there is an extensive urethro-oculoarticular symptom complex. Visceral lesions are noted as myocardiodystrophy, myocarditis, breakdown of the liver, damaged kidneys, lungs, pleura, nervous system. Articular affections as polyartritis is encountered in 62 percent of patients, oligoarthritis--in 33 percent, monoarthritis--in 5 percent; there is also clinical evidence of spinal affections together with those of the pelvic bones. With well-timed diagnosis and adequate therapy the disease runs a mild course. Diagnosis of Reiter's disease in the presence of a characteristic triad does not seem to be a formidable challenge to the practising profession. The use of diagnostic criteria permits recognizing the condition in a timely fashion, the knowledge of further and complementary signs helping the physician in conducting a differential diagnosis.

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The analysis of 857 medical histories of patients presenting with different bodily afflictions and traumata that had come to be complicated by secondary pneumonia (SP) and of more than 2700 protocols of pathoanatomic studies made in those deceased in 35 percent of whom there had been identified morphologic changes in the lungs that presented a clinical picture of SP suggest to us that there are reasons to believe that in many instances, SP diagnosis is made difficult because of a grave condition of the patient, especially during the terminal period or the period of administering treatments when the underlying trouble symptomatology come forth rather than manifestations of pneumonia. The information secured in the pathoanatomical investigations permitted finding out that the clinical diagnosis of SP had come to be in agreement with the pathoanatomical one only in 70 percent of cases, with hypodiagnosis having come to 30%. Practitioners in their everyday work, should entertain a possibility of SP development in somatic troubles, extensive surgical interventions, traumata, wounds/injuries, burns, intoxications, and septic conditions, and they are supposed to actively prevent any possibility of origination and development of pulmonary complications.

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As many as 188 records of IE patients were studied as were 67 autopsies of deceased persons. Significant changes in the clinical course of IE were disclosed over the past 10-15 years versus previous 15: more prominent role of staphylococcal and gram-negative flora in the etiology of the illness, with microbial associations-caused IE cases having become more common. Diagnostic value of hemoculture did not appear to show much promise. The following items were found to be important risk factors for IE: prior viral and bacterial infection, invasive interventions, and chronic somatic diseases. There prevailed those IE forms having appeared on the intact heart valves in elderly persons and those at a mature age. In the course of the illness there tended to be more toxic and allergic manifestations, thromboembolic complications, and extensive vascular pathology.

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A clinical and morphological analysis was done in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), that showed high incidence (61.8%) of lesions of the internals in RA. Affliction of the heart was present in 48 percent of cases, that of the lungs and pleura in 47.6 percent, renal lesions were recordable in 23 percent, serious breakdown of the liver in 16 percent, and of the alimentary canal in 22 percent of cases, with the associated visceral lesions present in a major part of the population. Considering high incidence of visceral lesions in RA and their impact on the gravity of the course of the disease and, not infrequently, on the prognosis we consider it necessary for the practitioners to bend their energies to thorough clinical examination of the RA patients when he or she first applied for medical advice. Other measures to be instituted include deliberate dynamic observation, timely prescription of adequate complex therapy and inauguration of preventive measures during the period of remission of the disease.

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The reported case belongs in rarely occurring general diseases running a chronic relapsing course. The case is uncommon because of not only general affection of the adipose tissue presenting with immunologic inflammation, but also of the development of manifest abnormal changes in the internals, amyloidosis in particular. 20-year follow-up of the patient suggests that the evolution of the above pathological processes might be caused by both the nature of the underlying disease and a long-continued administration of corticosteroids.

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Efficiency was studied of multimodality treatment of 586 patients with ulcer disease. Of these, 110 had gastric ulcer, 460 patients had duodenal ulcer, sixteen were suffering from both gastric and duodenal ulcer. 275 patients (46.8%) had various concurrent chronic disorders involving cardiovascular system and alimentary canal. Three groups of patients were identified: those receiving magnetoresonance therapy apart from conventional antiulcer therapy (n = 89), those undergoing laser therapy (n = 170), those exposed to hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO), variable magnetic field (VMF) and acupuncture (AP) according to generally accepted techniques. In the control group, drug therapy promoted ulcer healing in 73.3% of patients, whereas multimodality treatment involving MRT induced healing in 80.6% that of incorporating computer-aided laser therapy led to healing in 85.7 to 89.4%. HBO, VMF and AP group demonstrated healing in 92.4 to 93.7%.

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As many as 1208 cards of myocardial infarction (MI) cases and 537 of those suffering from various heart diseases running a grave course and presenting with stage IIB-III chronic circulatory insufficiency were reviewed together with 289 records of anatomicopathological studies involving those having died from the above causes. Secondary pneumonias were found to occur in 7.8% of MI patients and 16 to 30.5% of those with grave cardiac abnormalities presenting with stage IIB-III chronic circulatory insufficiency. Secondary pneumonias in myocardial infarction were more commonly seen in elderly and old subject in the presence of cardiogenic shock, pulmonary edema, cardiac asthma, congestive heart failure, and other chronic diseases of the lungs. Hypodignosis of pneumonia was found to be the case in 25.2% of the deceased.

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The results of employing intratissue (intraorganic) electrophoresis in a complex of therapeutic measures applied in patients with acute pneumonia with a grave course in young individuals (n = 195) versus homogeneous control group of patients (n = 50) in whom intratissue electrophoresis was not done, were as follows: the percentage of those discharged from hospital in the former group exceeded those among control by 15.9%, the average bed occupancy was reduced by 5 days, the number of persons whom sick leaves had been granted dropped by 9.9% and there were no dismissals from the Army whereas in the control group these amounted to 6%. The present method of treatment used in combination with other therapeutic modalities promotes undelayed resolution of an acute pneumonia and prevention of certain complications in this category of patients.

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A study of 13 patients revealed three periods of trichlornitromethane intoxication: irritation, latent (average 2-5 hours) and development of pulmonary edema. With high concentration of trichlornitromethane vapours and long exposition the latent period was significantly shorter or was absent. The course of the first and second period was similar while the thirds proved to be different. Timely use of etiopathogenetic and symptomatic treatment was effective and result in clinical recovery.

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The author reports data on 1120 patients with acute pneumonia. Age of the patients varied from 19 to 23 years. Complex treatment resulted in 52.7% of patients in normalization of clinico-roentgenological, laboratory findings and ventilation capacity of the lungs while 30.3% retained asthenic syndrome within 2-3 weeks after discharge from the hospital, 17% showed moderate disorders of the ventilatory pulmonary function before discharge from the hospital. For normalization of pulmonary ventilation rehabilitation measures were carried in out-patient conditions from 3 to 10 months. Determination of spirographic rates and spirographic bicycle ergometry are valuable criteria in assessment of the functional rehabilitation of the above category of patients.

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The acid-base status was studied in 61 patients with acute ethylene glycol poisoning. A correlation was established between the severity of poisoning and concentration of hydrogen ions (pH) as well as the buffer capacitance, that are the most distinct criteria of determination of the severity grade of ethylene glycol poisoning and may be used not only in the prognosis of outcomes of intoxications but also evaluating indications to early employment of active treatment methods.

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