RESUMEN
SIGNIFICANCE: Our study revealed that children with sensory processing disorder (SPD) exhibit deficient saccades and pursuits compared with typically developing (TD) children. Optometrists have a key role in caring for patients with SPD. Optometrists are paramount in identifying, coordinating care for, and treating these children. PURPOSE: Children with SPD exhibit poor neurological processes, which can affect oculomotor performance. The study aims are to investigate differences in oculomotor skills using the Northeastern State University College of Optometry (NSUCO) oculomotor testing in children with SPD as compared with TD children, to explore effects of age and sex of children in each group on oculomotor performance, and to compare our results to test normative values for both TD and SPD groups. METHODS: One hundred fifty children aged 7 to 11 years were recruited from surrounding community. The Short Sensory Profile (SSP) was used to assign the children into two groups. Of the eligible children recruited, 60 were TD (SSP ≥155) and 68 had SPD (SSP ≤141). Children were excluded if they reported blindness, strabismus, deafness, ocular disease, fractures within 6 months, or physical disabilities. Gait, balance, and visual skills of all children were assessed. Visual skill evaluation included select visual efficiency and visual processing testing. The NSUCO test was included as part of the visual efficiency evaluation. RESULTS: Results showed that children with SPD demonstrate decreased oculomotor skills on all tests compared with TD children. For the SPD group, boys scored significantly poorer than did girls in head and body movement with saccades and pursuits. Overall, TD group scores confirm the established test norms. CONCLUSIONS: Because of significant differences in oculomotor function in children with SPD and the increasing number of children with neurosensory disorders, optometrists should consider NSUCO testing on all pediatric patients and particularly in children with SPD.
Asunto(s)
Desarrollo Infantil/fisiología , Trastornos de la Motilidad Ocular/fisiopatología , Trastornos de la Sensación/fisiopatología , Niño , Movimientos Oculares , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Desempeño Psicomotor/fisiología , Tiempo de Reacción , Movimientos Sacádicos/fisiologíaRESUMEN
PURPOSE: To examine the capability and performance of children with sensory processing disorders (SPD) compared with children who are developing typically and those with physical disabilities (PD). METHODS: Participants included parents/caregivers of 81 children ranging in age from 1 to 7.3 years; 57% were boys. The child's therapist interviewed the parents using the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI) to measure functional performance. RESULTS: Children with SPD demonstrated significant differences from children in the other groups in functional skills and caregiver assistance within 3 domains (self-care, mobility, social function). CONCLUSIONS: The PEDI can be used to (1) identify functional delays in young children with SPD, which can affect participation in age-appropriate self-care, mobility, and social skills, and (2) determine appropriate referrals for early intervention.
Asunto(s)
Desarrollo Infantil , Niños con Discapacidad/rehabilitación , Trastornos Psicomotores/rehabilitación , Trastornos de la Sensación/rehabilitación , Actividades Cotidianas , Adolescente , Niño , Evaluación de la Discapacidad , Femenino , Humanos , Relaciones Interpersonales , Masculino , Limitación de la Movilidad , Trastornos Psicomotores/fisiopatología , Trastornos Psicomotores/psicología , Autocuidado , Trastornos de la Sensación/fisiopatología , Trastornos de la Sensación/psicologíaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To determine if specific birth factors can be used to predict a subsequent disability and severity level in self-care, mobility and social function as measured by the Paediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI). DESIGN: This cross-sectional study design used retrospective data from birth records and concurrent data from PEDI scores. METHOD: Sixty children (20 per group) were selected representing groups consistent with typical development, sensory processing disorders or physical disability. Mean age was 56 months; there were 32 males. Information extracted from birth records was compared to PEDI scores. RESULTS: Univariate ANOVA showed differences among groups for PEDI scores (p < 0.001) and birth factors (p < 0.001). A forward logistic regression analysis revealed gestational age and 5-minute Apgar scores as potential predictors of PEDI scores. CONCLUSION: Findings indicated that two birth factors were related to later functional performance, but only in children with sensory processing deficits.