RESUMEN

Objetivou-se avaliar o consumo, a digestibilidade e o desempenho de ovinos, arraçoados com dietas isoproteicas, contendo 75% de resíduos da agroindústria frutífera (abacaxi, acerola, maracujá e cupuaçu), uma dieta com feno de tifton e 25% de concentrado, em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso. A participação do resíduo de maracujá na dieta proporcionou os maiores níveis de consumo de matéria seca (1170,6g d-1) em relação aos resíduos de abacaxi (693,8g d-1), acerola (644,2g d-1), cupuaçu (452,9g d-1) e feno de tifton (962,7g d-1), o que se relaciona aos seus níveis de digestibilidade (77,8; 63,1; 59,1; 61,7 e 71,8%, respectivamente). Tal resultado gerou diferenças significativas, destacando-se o resíduo de maracujá quanto à conversão alimentar (8,3), e o ganho médio diário de peso (141,5g d-1). Apesar de ter tido a mesma conversão observada para o feno de tifton (13,2), apresentou maior ganho médio diário (75,6g d-1). Os demais resíduos apresentaram efeitos sobrepostos, contudo o resíduo de acerola ficou com a pior conversão (51,4) e o menor ganho médio diário (15,6g d-1), sendo esse sem diferença em relação ao cupuaçu (23,0g d-1). Os resíduos podem ser utilizados como alternativa para a alimentação de ovinos.(AU)

The objective was to evaluate the consumption, digestibility and performance of the sheep with iso protein diets, with 75% of residues from fruit agro-industries (pineapple, acerola, passion fruit, and cupuassu) and a diet with tifton hay, and 25% of concentrate, in a totally randomized design. The participation of passion fruit residue on the diet provided the highest consumption levels of dry matter (1170.6g d -1 ) compared with the residues of pineapple (693.8g d -1 ), acerola (644.2g d -1 ), cupuassu (452.9g d -1 ) and tifton hay (962.7g d -1 ), which is related to their levels of digestibility (77.85, 63.14, 59.07, 61.68 and 71.83%, respectively). Such a result generated significant differences with emphasis on passion fruit residue regarding food inversion (8.30) and average daily weight gain (141.50g d -1 ), in spite of having the same conversion detected for tifton hay (13.2), it showed a higher average daily gain (75.6g d -1 ). The other residues showed overlapping effects, however, acerola residue showed the worst conversion level (51.4) and the lowest average daily gain (15.6g d -1 ), and this one showed no difference compared with cupuassu (23.0g d -1 ). The residues can be used as an alternative for sheep feeding.(AU)

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Objetivou-se avaliar o consumo, a digestibilidade e o desempenho de ovinos, arraçoados com dietas isoproteicas, contendo 75% de resíduos da agroindústria frutífera (abacaxi, acerola, maracujá e cupuaçu), uma dieta com feno de tifton e 25% de concentrado, em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso. A participação do resíduo de maracujá na dieta proporcionou os maiores níveis de consumo de matéria seca (1170,6g d-1) em relação aos resíduos de abacaxi (693,8g d-1), acerola (644,2g d-1), cupuaçu (452,9g d-1) e feno de tifton (962,7g d-1), o que se relaciona aos seus níveis de digestibilidade (77,8; 63,1; 59,1; 61,7 e 71,8%, respectivamente). Tal resultado gerou diferenças significativas, destacando-se o resíduo de maracujá quanto à conversão alimentar (8,3), e o ganho médio diário de peso (141,5g d-1). Apesar de ter tido a mesma conversão observada para o feno de tifton (13,2), apresentou maior ganho médio diário (75,6g d-1). Os demais resíduos apresentaram efeitos sobrepostos, contudo o resíduo de acerola ficou com a pior conversão (51,4) e o menor ganho médio diário (15,6g d-1), sendo esse sem diferença em relação ao cupuaçu (23,0g d-1). Os resíduos podem ser utilizados como alternativa para a alimentação de ovinos.(AU)

The objective was to evaluate the consumption, digestibility and performance of the sheep with iso protein diets, with 75% of residues from fruit agro-industries (pineapple, acerola, passion fruit, and cupuassu) and a diet with tifton hay, and 25% of concentrate, in a totally randomized design. The participation of passion fruit residue on the diet provided the highest consumption levels of dry matter (1170.6g d -1 ) compared with the residues of pineapple (693.8g d -1 ), acerola (644.2g d -1 ), cupuassu (452.9g d -1 ) and tifton hay (962.7g d -1 ), which is related to their levels of digestibility (77.85, 63.14, 59.07, 61.68 and 71.83%, respectively). Such a result generated significant differences with emphasis on passion fruit residue regarding food inversion (8.30) and average daily weight gain (141.50g d -1 ), in spite of having the same conversion detected for tifton hay (13.2), it showed a higher average daily gain (75.6g d -1 ). The other residues showed overlapping effects, however, acerola residue showed the worst conversion level (51.4) and the lowest average daily gain (15.6g d -1 ), and this one showed no difference compared with cupuassu (23.0g d -1 ). The residues can be used as an alternative for sheep feeding.(AU)

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O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a ocorrência da ciclicidade, o diâmetro do folículo dominante e do grau de edema uterino de éguas criadas na zona da mata do Estado de Rondônia, durante o período de transição da estacionalidade reprodutiva. Para este propósito, durante os meses de agosto e setembro (transição de primavera), éguas da raça Quarto de Milha (n = 46), hígidas, criadas a campo ou estabuladas, com idades variando de 2 a 12 anos foram submetidas a dois exames ginecológicos com intervalo de 14 dias, a fim de se determinar e/ou monitorar a presença de corpo lúteo, o diâmetro do folículo dominante e o grau de edema uterino. Empregando um modelo de regressão logística, o efeito do sistema de criação (a campo ou estabuladas) e da faixa etária ( 5, de 6 a 9 e 10 anos) foram avaliados sobre a ocorrência da ciclicidade, bem como sobre o diâmetro do folículo dominante e o grau de edema uterino por meio do modelo linear generalizado misto. Uma maior proporção de éguas (p = 0,001) foi considerada acíclica em relação às cíclicas [68,9% (31/45) vs. 31,1% (14/45), respectivamente]. Dentre as éguas acíclicas, houve uma semelhança (p = 0,127) na proporção daquelas com folículo dominante ou com folículos pequenos. O sistema de criação não influenciou (p > 0,05) a ocorrência da ciclicidade, o diâmetro do folículo dominante e o grau de edema uterino. A faixa etária (≤ 5, de 6 a 9 e ≥ 10 anos) determinou influencia (p < 0,05) na ocorrência da ciclicidade [28,6 b; 18,2b e 66,7% a; respectivamente] e no grau de edema uterino (1,0 ± 0,1 b; 2,0 ± 0,1 a e 2,0 ± 0,2 a; respectivamente). Conclui-se que a maioria das éguas criadas na região da zona da mata rondoniense apresentam-se acíclicas no período de transição de primavera. No entanto, a ocorrência da ciclicidade e o grau de edema uterino demonstraram ser influenciados pela faixa etária das éguas avaliadas.(AU)

The objective of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of cyclicity, the diameter of the dominant follicle and the degree of uterine edema in mares from forest area of the Rondonia State, during the transitional period of reproductive season. For this purpose, during the months of August and September (spring transition), healthy mares, Quarter Horse breed (N = 46), field or housed and aged 2 to 12 years were submitted to two examinations gynecological examination with a 14-day interval. The exams were performed to determine and / or monitor the presence of corpus luteum, the diameter of the dominant follicle and the degree of uterine edema. Using a logistic regression model, the effect of the breeding system (field or stabled) and age group (≤ 5, from 6 to 9 and ≥ 10 years) were evaluated on the occurrence of cyclicity as well as on the diameter of the dominant follicle and the degree of uterine edema by generalized linear mixed model. A higher proportion of mares (P = 0.001) was considered acyclical in relation to the cyclical (68.9% (31/45) vs. 31.1% (14/45), respectively]. Among the acyclic mares, there was a similarity (P = 0.127) in proportion to those with dominant follicle or with small follicles. The breeding system did not influence (P > 0.05) the occurrence of cyclicity, the diameter of the dominant follicle and the degree of uterine edema. The age group (≤ 5, from 6 to 9 and ≥ 10 years) determined influence (P < 0.05) on the occurrence of cyclicity (28.6 b; 18.2 b and 66.7% a; respectively) and in the degree of uterine edema (1.0 ± 0.1 b, 2.0 ± 0.1 a and 2.0 ± 0.2 a, respectively). It is concluded that the majority of the mares created in the forest zone of Rondônia region are acyclical in the period of transition of spring. However, the occurrence of cyclicity and the degree of uterine edema were influenced by the age range of the mares evaluated.(AU)

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a ocorrência da ciclicidade, o diâmetro do folículo dominante e do grau de edema uterino de éguas criadas na zona da mata do Estado de Rondônia, durante o período de transição da estacionalidade reprodutiva. Para este propósito, durante os meses de agosto e setembro (transição de primavera), éguas da raça Quarto de Milha (n = 46), hígidas, criadas a campo ou estabuladas, com idades variando de 2 a 12 anos foram submetidas a dois exames ginecológicos com intervalo de 14 dias, a fim de se determinar e/ou monitorar a presença de corpo lúteo, o diâmetro do folículo dominante e o grau de edema uterino. Empregando um modelo de regressão logística, o efeito do sistema de criação (a campo ou estabuladas) e da faixa etária ( 5, de 6 a 9 e 10 anos) foram avaliados sobre a ocorrência da ciclicidade, bem como sobre o diâmetro do folículo dominante e o grau de edema uterino por meio do modelo linear generalizado misto. Uma maior proporção de éguas (p = 0,001) foi considerada acíclica em relação às cíclicas [68,9% (31/45) vs. 31,1% (14/45), respectivamente]. Dentre as éguas acíclicas, houve uma semelhança (p = 0,127) na proporção daquelas com folículo dominante ou com folículos pequenos. O sistema de criação não influenciou (p > 0,05) a ocorrência da ciclicidade, o diâmetro do folículo dominante e o grau de edema uterino. A faixa etária (≤ 5, de 6 a 9 e ≥ 10 anos) determinou influencia (p < 0,05) na ocorrência da ciclicidade [28,6 b; 18,2b e 66,7% a; respectivamente] e no grau de edema uterino (1,0 ± 0,1 b; 2,0 ± 0,1 a e 2,0 ± 0,2 a; respectivamente). Conclui-se que a maioria das éguas criadas na região da zona da mata rondoniense apresentam-se acíclicas no período de transição de primavera. No entanto, a ocorrência da ciclicidade e o grau de edema uterino demonstraram ser influenciados pela faixa etária das éguas avaliadas.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of cyclicity, the diameter of the dominant follicle and the degree of uterine edema in mares from forest area of the Rondonia State, during the transitional period of reproductive season. For this purpose, during the months of August and September (spring transition), healthy mares, Quarter Horse breed (N = 46), field or housed and aged 2 to 12 years were submitted to two examinations gynecological examination with a 14-day interval. The exams were performed to determine and / or monitor the presence of corpus luteum, the diameter of the dominant follicle and the degree of uterine edema. Using a logistic regression model, the effect of the breeding system (field or stabled) and age group (≤ 5, from 6 to 9 and ≥ 10 years) were evaluated on the occurrence of cyclicity as well as on the diameter of the dominant follicle and the degree of uterine edema by generalized linear mixed model. A higher proportion of mares (P = 0.001) was considered acyclical in relation to the cyclical (68.9% (31/45) vs. 31.1% (14/45), respectively]. Among the acyclic mares, there was a similarity (P = 0.127) in proportion to those with dominant follicle or with small follicles. The breeding system did not influence (P > 0.05) the occurrence of cyclicity, the diameter of the dominant follicle and the degree of uterine edema. The age group (≤ 5, from 6 to 9 and ≥ 10 years) determined influence (P < 0.05) on the occurrence of cyclicity (28.6 b; 18.2 b and 66.7% a; respectively) and in the degree of uterine edema (1.0 ± 0.1 b, 2.0 ± 0.1 a and 2.0 ± 0.2 a, respectively). It is concluded that the majority of the mares created in the forest zone of Rondônia region are acyclical in the period of transition of spring. However, the occurrence of cyclicity and the degree of uterine edema were influenced by the age range of the mares evaluated.

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A vulva é responsável pela proteção e auxílio na cópula, sendo também um importante indicador do cio dos animais domésticos. A fêmea pode sofrer uma malformação ainda na fase fetal, resultando na ausência completa da vulva, caracterizando a agenesia. Esta afecção rara pode deixar a fêmea susceptível a muitos micro-organismos que podem atingir até outros sistemas e comprometer a vitalidade do animal, além de dificultar a cópula e ser transmitida à prole, sendo importante a castração e reconstrução do órgão, para evitar a maior ocorrência de novos casos e complicações.(AU)

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O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar e pontuar touros jovens segundo as características andrológicas apresentadas individualmente. Cinquenta touros jovens da raça Nelore, puros de origem, com idade entre 25 e 35 meses e criados de maneira extensiva, foram avaliados a classificados andrologicamente por pontos, através dos aspectos físicos (motilidade e vigor espermático), morfológicos (defeitos espermáticos maiores e menores) e da biometria testicular. A média de idade e circunferência escrotal observada foi respectivamente, 28,38 ± 2,05 meses e 35,86 ± 2,51cm. O valor médio para motilidade espermática progressiva retilínea, vigor espermático e turbilhonamento foram 78 ± 7,55%, 3,64 ± 0,66 e 3,64 ± 0,66, respectivamente. Quanto as características morfológicas, a média observada foi de 7,4 ± 1,77% e 11,2 ± 2,34%, para defeitos maiores e defeitos totais respectivamente. A classificação andrológica por pontos dos touros avaliados foi denominada Excelente (88,08 ± 5,65). A Classificação Andrológica por Pontos é um parâmetro favorável na elaboração de um ranque reprodutivo, e as correlações entre a pontuação atribuída e os aspectos andrológicos, são fundamentais para afirmar a CAP do touro avaliado.(AU)

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar e pontuar touros jovens segundo as características andrológicas apresentadas individualmente. Cinquenta touros jovens da raça Nelore, puros de origem, com idade entre 25 e 35 meses e criados de maneira extensiva, foram avaliados a classificados andrologicamente por pontos, através dos aspectos físicos (motilidade e vigor espermático), morfológicos (defeitos espermáticos maiores e menores) e da biometria testicular. A média de idade e circunferência escrotal observada foi respectivamente, 28,38 ± 2,05 meses e 35,86 ± 2,51cm. O valor médio para motilidade espermática progressiva retilínea, vigor espermático e turbilhonamento foram 78 ± 7,55%, 3,64 ± 0,66 e 3,64 ± 0,66, respectivamente. Quanto as características morfológicas, a média observada foi de 7,4 ± 1,77% e 11,2 ± 2,34%, para defeitos maiores e defeitos totais respectivamente. A classificação andrológica por pontos dos touros avaliados foi denominada Excelente (88,08 ± 5,65). A Classificação Andrológica por Pontos é um parâmetro favorável na elaboração de um ranque reprodutivo, e as correlações entre a pontuação atribuída e os aspectos andrológicos, são fundamentais para afirmar a CAP do touro avaliado.

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A vulva é responsável pela proteção e auxílio na cópula, sendo também um importante indicador do cio dos animais domésticos. A fêmea pode sofrer uma malformação ainda na fase fetal, resultando na ausência completa da vulva, caracterizando a agenesia. Esta afecção rara pode deixar a fêmea susceptível a muitos micro-organismos que podem atingir até outros sistemas e comprometer a vitalidade do animal, além de dificultar a cópula e ser transmitida à prole, sendo importante a castração e reconstrução do órgão, para evitar a maior ocorrência de novos casos e complicações.

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The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of eCG and temporary calf removal (TCR) associated with progesterone (P4) treatment on the dynamics of follicular growth, CL size, and P4 concentrations in cyclic (n = 36) and anestrous (n = 30) Nelore cows. Cyclic (C) and anestrous (A) cows were divided into three groups. The control group received 2 mg of estradiol benzoate via intramuscular (IM) injection and an intravaginal device containing 1.9 g of P4 on Day 0. On Day 8, the device was removed, and the animals received 12.5 mg of dinoprost tromethamine IM. After 24 hours, the animals received 1 mg of estradiol benzoate IM. In the eCG group, cows received the same treatment described for the control group but also received 400 UI of eCG at the time of device removal. In the TCR group, calves were separated from the cows for 56 hours after device removal. Ultrasound exams were performed every 24 hours after device removal until the time of ovulation and 12 days after ovulation to measure the size of the CL. On the same day as the CL measurement, blood was collected to determine the plasma P4 level. Statistical analyses were performed with a significance level of P ≤ 0.05. In cyclic cows, the presence of the CL at the beginning of protocol resulted in a smaller follicle diameter at the time of device removal (7.4 ± 0.3 mm in cows with CL vs. 8.9 ± 0.4 mm in cows without CL; P = 0.03). All cows ovulated within 72 hours after device removal. Anestrous cows treated with eCG or TCR showed follicle diameter at fixed-timed artificial insemination (A-eCG 10.2 ± 0.3 and A-TCR 10.3 ± 0.5 mm) and follicular growth rate (A-eCG 1.5 ± 0.2 and A-TCR 1.3 ± 0.1 mm/day) similar to cyclic cows (C-eCG 11.0 ± 0.6 and C-TCR 12.0 ± 0.5 mm) and (C-eCG 1.4 ± 0.2 and C-TCR 1.6 ± 0.2 mm/day, respectively; P ≤ 0.05). Despite the similarities in CL size, the average P4 concentration was higher in the A-TCR (9.6 ± 1.4 ng/mL) than in the A-control (4.0 ± 1.0 ng/mL) and C-TCR (4.4 ± 1.0 ng/mL) groups (P < 0.05). From these results, we conclude that eCG treatment and TCR improved the fertility of anestrous cows by providing follicular growth rates and size of dominant follicles similar to cyclic cows. Additionally, TCR increases the plasma concentrations of P4 in anestrous cows.

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The aim of the study was to evaluate the practicality of a 1: 4 dilution of doses of semen in fixed - time artificial insemination ( FTAI ) programs. Nelore cows (n = 803 ) were synchronized by a conventional FTAI protocol. For AI in the dilut ed group (n = 392) , 0.5 ml semen straws were thawed and 0.5 ml of extender conta ining amino acids and methylxanthine derivatives was added. The straws were fractionated into four straws of 0.25 ml each (dilution 1:4) with approximately 2.5 x 10 6 spermatozoa each and the insemination was performed in the ipsilateral horn to the ovary c ontaining the dominant follicle . In the control group (n = 411), AI was performed in the uterine body with one straw of 0.5 ml (10 x 10 6 spermatozoa) containing seme n from the same bull and batch . The conception rate was 49.2% (193/392) for the diluted gro up and 50.1% (206/411) for the control group, with 1.97 and 0.50 pregnancies per dose of semen , respectively . T he dilution of semen provide d a pregnancy index similar to the control group ; however, the technique increased the number of pregnancies per dos e , allowing for the best use of semen of high genetic value and reducing the cost per pregnancy.

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The aim of the study was to evaluate the practicality of a 1: 4 dilution of doses of semen in fixed - time artificial insemination ( FTAI ) programs. Nelore cows (n = 803 ) were synchronized by a conventional FTAI protocol. For AI in the dilut ed group (n = 392) , 0.5 ml semen straws were thawed and 0.5 ml of extender conta ining amino acids and methylxanthine derivatives was added. The straws were fractionated into four straws of 0.25 ml each (dilution 1:4) with approximately 2.5 x 10 6 spermatozoa each and the insemination was performed in the ipsilateral horn to the ovary c ontaining the dominant follicle . In the control group (n = 411), AI was performed in the uterine body with one straw of 0.5 ml (10 x 10 6 spermatozoa) containing seme n from the same bull and batch . The conception rate was 49.2% (193/392) for the diluted gro up and 50.1% (206/411) for the control group, with 1.97 and 0.50 pregnancies per dose of semen , respectively . T he dilution of semen provide d a pregnancy index similar to the control group ; however, the technique increased the number of pregnancies per dos e , allowing for the best use of semen of high genetic value and reducing the cost per pregnancy.(AU)

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The objective was to evaluate the efficiency of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and Minimum Essential Medium (MEM) during the transport of equine preantral and antral follicles at various temperatures and incubation interval. Equine ovaries (n = 10) from an abattoir were cut into 19 fragments; one was immediately fixed in Bouin's solution (control) and the other fragments were placed in PBS or MEM solution at 4, 20, or 39 °C for 4, 12, or 24 h. After the respective incubation periods, all fragments were fixed in Bouin's solution for 24 h and then submitted to standard histologic analysis. In total, 2567 ovarian follicles were analyzed, including 1752 primordial, 764 primary, 34 secondary and seven antral follicles. Relative to the control group, the transport of equine ovarian fragments in both solutions significantly reduced the percentage of morphologically normal follicles with increasing time and temperature. At 4 °C for 4 h, considering primordial and developing follicles, PBS had a higher (P < 0.05) rate (98.9%) of morphologically normal follicles than MEM, 48.7%. At 39 °C for 12 h, all follicles in both solutions were degenerated. Regarding the stage of follicular development, primordial follicles were less (P < 0.05) affected by preservation than primary and secondary follicles in all media, times and temperatures tested, except at 4 °C for 12 h in PBS, in which the primary and secondary follicles were less (P < 0.05) affected. Overall, 43% of antral follicles were morphologically normal when maintained in MEM at 4 °C for 4 h. In conclusion, equine follicles were successfully preserved in ovarian fragments at 4 °C in phosphate-buffered saline for up to 4 h.

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The number of oocytes recovered from Bos taurus indicus females subjected to ovum pick-up averaged two to four times greater compared to Bos taurus taurus females. The objective of the present study was to test the hypothesis that this difference in oocyte yield was due to more preantral follicles in the ovaries of Bos indicus females. Ovaries (n = 64) from Nelore (Bos indicus) fetuses (n = 10), heifers (n = 12), and cows (n = 10), and Aberdeen Angus (Bos taurus) fetuses (n = 10), heifers (n = 12), and cows (n = 10) were cut longitudinally into halves, fixed, and processed for histological evaluation. The number of preantral follicles was estimated by counting them in each histological section, using the oocyte nucleus as a marker and employing a correction factor. The average number of preantral follicles in the ovaries of Bos indicus vs Bos taurus was (mean ± SD) 143,929 ± 64,028 vs 285,155 ± 325,195 for fetuses, 76,851 ± 78,605 vs 109,673 ± 86,078 for heifers, and 39,438 ± 31,017 vs 89,577 ± 86,315 for cows (P > 0.05). The number of preantral follicles varied greatly among individual animals within the same category, as well as between breeds. In conclusion, we inferred that the higher oocyte yield from Bos indicus females was not due to a greater ovarian reserve of preantral follicles. Therefore, mechanisms controlling follicle development after the preantral stage likely accounted for differences between Bos indicus and Bos taurus females in number of oocytes retrieved at ovum pick-up.

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AIMS: The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential protective effects of ad libitum black grape (Vitis labrusca) juice against liver oxidative damage in whole-body acute X-irradiated rats. MAIN METHODS: Animals were fed ad libitum and drank voluntarily black grape juice or placebo (isocaloric glucose and fructose solution) for 6 days before and 15 days following a 6 Gy X-irradiation from a 200 kV machine. KEY FINDINGS: Irradiated animals receiving placebo showed a significant increase in the concentration of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), a marker of lipid peroxidation, as well as a significant decrease in both Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (Cu/ZnSOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity and reduced glutathione concentration (GSH). Black grape juice supplementation resulted in a reversal of lipid peroxidation, Cu/ZnSOD activity, and GSH concentration, towards values not significantly differing from those in non-irradiated, placebo-supplemented rats. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP-1) and Cu/ZnSOD changes in protein expression were observed for irradiated rats. No change in p53 expression or DNA fragmentation was found. SIGNIFICANCE: Ad libitum black grape juice intake is able to restore the liver primary antioxidant system against adverse effects due to whole-body acute X-irradiation in rats after 15 days post-irradiation. The results support using antioxidant supplements as a preventive tool against radiation-induced harm.

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the development of preantral follicles from the Nelore breed of Bos indicus after in vitro culture of ovarian cortices in different concentrations of indole acetic acid (IAA). In addition, this study investigated the possible association of mammalian genes with IAA activity in bovine preantral follicles using an in silico approach. Ovaries (N = 8) from Nelore heifers were collected, and the ovarian cortex was divided into 14 fragments were cultured individuallu for two or siz days in Minimum Essential Medium (MEM) with 0, 10, 40, 100, 500 or 1000 ng/ml of IAA. Follicles were classified as primordial or as developing (primary and secondary) follicles. The in silico approach to search for auxinresponsive candidate genes was performed with bioinformaties tools, such as GenBank and SWISS-PROT database, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and the Clustal W program. Compared to the control culture, the percentage of primordial follicles was reduced (P < 0,05) and the percentage of developing follicles was increased ( P < 0,05) after 2 or 6 days of culture in all media tested. Furtherimore, culture of the ovarian cortex for 6 days reduced the percentage of healthy, morphologically normal follicles when compared with the control (P < 0,05). In contrast, cultures supplemented with 10 ng/ml of IAA were the only samples that had similar (P < 0,05) percentages relative to the control group. Finally, we found a mammalian gene that was homologous to the plant gene, ROOTY, which may be involved in the oocyte response to IAA. We conclude that the 10 ng/ml concentration of IAA promoted follicular survival and activation of nelore bovine preantral follicles after 6 days of culture in vitro.

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the development of preantral follicles from the Nelore breed of Bos indicus after in vitro culture of ovarian cortices in different concentrations of indole acetic acid (IAA). In addition, this study investigated the possible association of mammalian genes with IAA activity in bovine preantral follicles using an in silico approach. Ovaries (N = 8) from Nelore heifers were collected, and the ovarian cortex was divided into 14 fragments were cultured individuallu for two or siz days in Minimum Essential Medium (MEM) with 0, 10, 40, 100, 500 or 1000 ng/ml of IAA. Follicles were classified as primordial or as developing (primary and secondary) follicles. The in silico approach to search for auxinresponsive candidate genes was performed with bioinformaties tools, such as GenBank and SWISS-PROT database, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and the Clustal W program. Compared to the control culture, the percentage of primordial follicles was reduced (P < 0,05) and the percentage of developing follicles was increased ( P < 0,05) after 2 or 6 days of culture in all media tested. Furtherimore, culture of the ovarian cortex for 6 days reduced the percentage of healthy, morphologically normal follicles when compared with the control (P < 0,05). In contrast, cultures supplemented with 10 ng/ml of IAA were the only samples that had similar (P < 0,05) percentages relative to the control group. Finally, we found a mammalian gene that was homologous to the plant gene, ROOTY, which may be involved in the oocyte response to IAA. We conclude that the 10 ng/ml concentration of IAA promoted follicular survival and activation of nelore bovine preantral follicles after 6 days of culture in vitro.(AU)

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Avaliou-se o desenvolvimento de folículos pré-antrais ovinos após o cultivo in vitro do córtex ovariano em várias concentrações de ácido 3-indol acético (IAA). O córtex ovariano foi dividido em fragmentos de aproximadamente 3 3mm. Um fragmento foi imediatamente fixado em Bouin (controle - dia 0) e os demais destinados ao cultivo por dois ou seis dias em meio essencial mínimo (MEM+) acrescido de 10, 40, 100, 500 ou 1000ng/ml de IAA. Após o cultivo in vitro, não houve variação entre folículos dos tratamentos e folículos-controle, exceto nos suplementados com 40ng/ml de IAA. Nestes observaram-se redução de folículos primordiais e aumento de folículos em desenvolvimento (P<0,05). Em relação aos folículos do grupo-controle, houve redução de pré-antrais normais no cultivo de seis dias (P<0,05). Após dois dias de cultivo, a redução foi observada somente nos folículos suplementados com 500 ou 1000ng/ml de IAA. Folículos pré-antrais ovinos podem ser ativados in vitro com sucesso após o cultivo em MEM+ suplementado com 40ng/ml de IAA.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Avaliou-se o desenvolvimento de folículos pré-antrais ovinos após o cultivo in vitro do córtex ovariano em várias concentrações de ácido 3-indol acético (IAA). O córtex ovariano foi dividido em fragmentos de aproximadamente 3×3mm. Um fragmento foi imediatamente fixado em Bouin (controle dia 0) e os demais destinados ao cultivo por dois ou seis dias em meio essencial mínimo (MEM+) acrescido de 10, 40, 100, 500 ou 1000ng/ml de IAA. Após o cultivo in vitro, não houve variação entre folículos dos tratamentos e folículos-controle, exceto nos suplementados com 40ng/ml de IAA. Nestes observaram-se redução de folículos primordiais e aumento de folículos em desenvolvimento (P<0,05). Em relação aos folículos do grupo-controle, houve redução de pré-antrais normais no cultivo de seis dias (P<0,05). Após dois dias de cultivo, a redução foi observada somente nos folículos suplementados com 500 ou 1000ng/ml de IAA. Folículos pré-antrais ovinos podem ser ativados in vitro com sucesso após o cultivo em MEM+ suplementado com 40ng/ml de IAA.(AU)

The development of ovine preantral follicles after in vitro culture of ovarian cortex in various concentrations of indol acetic acid (IAA) was evaluated. The ovarian cortex was divided into fragments of approximately 3×3mm. One fragment was immediately fixed in Bouin (control day 0) whereas the other fragments were cultured for two or six days in minimum essential medium (MEM) supplemented (MEM+) with 10, 40, 100, 500 or 1000ng/ml of IAA. After six days of in vitro culture the percentage of primordial and developing follicles remained unaltered when compared to control follicles, except for MEM+ added of 40ng/ml of IAA that presented reduction of primordial follicles and increase of developing follicles (P<0.05). The culture of ovarian cortex for six days, in all tested media, reduced the percentages of healthy follicles when compared to control follicles (P<0.05). After two days of culture this reduction was only observed in the follicles treated with 500 or 1000ng/ml of IAA. Ovine primordial follicles may be successfully activated in vitro after culturing in MEM+ containing 40ng/ml of IAA.(AU)

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The objective was to determine the morphological and ultrastructural features of sheep primordial follicles preserved in either 0.9% saline solution or TCM 199 at different temperatures. Soon after death, the ovarian pair of each ewe (n = 5) was divided into 25 fragments. One fragment was immediately fixed for morphological evaluation (control). The other 24 fragments were randomly distributed in tubes containing 2 ml of 0.9% saline solution or TCM 199 and maintained at 4, 20 or 39 degrees C for 2, 4, 12, or 24h. Based on histological assessment, storage of ovarian fragments in 0.9% saline solution at 20 degrees C for up to 24h and in both solutions at 39 degrees C for 4, 12 or 24h increased (P < 0.01) the percentage of degenerate primordial follicles compared with controls. In contrast, preservation at 4 degrees C in both solutions, kept the percentage of morphologically normal primordial follicles similar to control values. Although histological integrity of primordial follicles was maintained in fragments stored at 20 degrees C for up to 24h in TCM 199, these results were not confirmed by ultrastructural analysis. Based on transmission electron microscopy, only primordial follicles stored at 4 degrees C for up to 24h, at 20 degrees C for up to 12h and at 39 degrees C for up to 2h in both solutions were ultrastructurally normal. In conclusion, sheep primordial follicles were successfully preserved at 4 degrees C for up to 24h, at 20 degrees C for up to 12h and at 39 degrees C for 2h in 0.9% saline solution or TCM 199.

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