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BACKGROUND: Peripheral venous catheters (PVCs) remain the primary mode of short-term venous access for managing intravenous fluid, obtaining blood samples, and peripheral parenteral nutrition. They may get contaminated and require regular monitoring to prevent complications. This study evaluated the occurrence of phlebitis and its associated-clinical and microbiological indicators. METHODS: The frequency of phlebitis was evaluated in hospitalized patients of both medical and surgical fields. Subsequently, the dichotomous association between the presence of phlebitis and the clinical aspects was investigated. In parallel, the bacterial contamination of PVCs was assessed through culture-based methods, microscopy observation, and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. RESULTS: Approximately one in four patients presented phlebitis (28.4%). The most frequent symptom was erythema at access site, with or without pain, corresponding to Score 1 on the phlebitis scale (17.9%). Colonization of both lumen and external surface of PVC was observed in 31.3% of the samples. Staphylococcus and Pseudomonas were the most isolated bacterial genera on the PVC surface. No significant association was observed between the presence of phlebitis and the clinical aspects, as well as the presence of microorganisms. CONCLUSION: Microorganism were present on both internal and external PVC surface, without being associated to phlebitis.

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The use of jewelry among healthcare professionals poses a risk of cross contamination due to potential bacterial accumulation and spread. Through a mixed-method design, this study first analyzed the implications of healthcare professionals wearing jewelry on patient care biosafety as well as on the residual bacterial load of hands and rings after hand hygiene. Firstly, an observational prevalence study to verify whether nursing professionals wear personal accessories during healthcare assistance was carried out. Second, an experimental design involving intentional contamination and hygiene of the hands, with and without a ring, was conducted. The bacterial load of both hands and rings was measured by counting colony forming units. The observational study showed that nursing workers frequently wear jewelry during healthcare assistance. Nonetheless, the experimental study did not indicate differences in bacterial contamination between hands with and without a ring, despite the hand hygiene procedure applied. In conclusion, many nursing workers wear jewelry in the workplace. Although hands with and without a ring exhibited similar microbial load, rings appeared as a potential source of bacterial contamination, reinforcing the need to remove jewelry during working hours. Hand hygiene using alcohol, or soap and water significantly decreased the bacterial load on the participants' hands, with handwashing proving to be the most efficient method for removing intentional contamination.

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OBJECTIVES: to analyze clinical outcomes in newborns of pregnant women with COVID-19. METHODS: integrative review conducted in PubMed, Web of Knowledge, SCOPUS, CINHAL; 2,111 studies were obtained, and 8 articles comprised the final sample. RESULTS: clinical outcomes in neonates of pregnant women positive for COVID-19 were classified according to the following categories: a) contamination by COVID-19, reported in 62.5% of the studies; b) hospital discharge due to improvement, mentioned in 37.5% of the articles; c) death, representing rare cases in 25% of the sample. The most prevalent gestational complication was prematurity, mentioned in 75% of the studies. This complication has been observed due to cases of premature rupture of membranes and placental abruption. CONCLUSIONS: despite the knowledge of asymptomatic and mildly symptomatic behavior in neonates, it is important to continue the search for new clinical data, as this public has uncertain reactions to SARS-CoV-2 infection.

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Background: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) pose a pervasive concern among nursing professionals due to the high physical workload. Simultaneously, the complex relationship between MSDs and mental health outcomes in this population remains an area of significant interest and importance. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the occurrence of MSDs and their relationships with burnout and psychological suffering within the nursing workforce. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2020 involving 291 nursing professionals in Brazil. Standardized questionnaires were employed to gather information on MSDs, mental health outcomes, and pertinent work-related factors. Robust statistical analyses were conducted to ascertain the prevalence of MSDs, establish associations between MSDs and mental health outcomes, and delineate the influence of work-related factors on these associations. Statistical analysis was performed using the R software. Results: The study revealed a significant prevalence of musculoskeletal injuries (MSIs) among nursing workers, focusing on regions that include the lower back, upper back, neck, and shoulders. Individuals with MSIs in the lower back showed a marked increase in emotional exhaustion (p = 0.02), as did those with MSIs in the upper back (p <0.01) and depersonalization (p = 0.07). On the other hand, nursing professionals who reported MSIs in the neck and shoulders had considerably higher scores in emotional exhaustion (p <0.01 and p = 0.01, respectively) and depersonalization (p = 0.05 and p = 0.05, respectively). However, no significant correlations emerged between MSIs and depression or work-related factors. Conclusions: This study highlights the urgency of implementing proactive measures to prevent and manage MSDs within the nursing profession. Moreover, it emphasizes the critical need to enhance working conditions and provide robust support mechanisms to safeguard the mental health of nursing professionals.Open AccessOpen Access.

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INTRODUCTION: Candida albicans and Aspergillus fumigatus are two important agents of Healthcare-associated infections. This study aimed to evaluate the antifungal activity of ozone (O3) gas produced by two commercial devices against cultures of these two species. METHODOLOGY: Sterile plastic plates were inoculated with C. albicans and A. fumigatus and placed on a countertop at three distances (30 cm, 1 m, and 2 m) and three positions in relation to the wall (near, middle, and away), considering the source of O3. Plates were exposed to O3 for one hour and incubated. After incubation, the counting of colony-forming units was performed. As a control, an inoculated plate was incubated, without being exposed to O3. Tests were carried out with two different devices (namely, Mod.I and Mod.II), with the air conditioner on and off, in triplicate. RESULTS: Both devices showed antifungal activity. Mod. I presented better results, due to a higher flow rate. The best activity was on plates at 30 cm, middle position. Contrarily, on plates at 2m, near the wall, the inhibition activity was lower. The best results were obtained with the air conditioner off. Candida albicans was more sensitive to O3 than A. fumigatus. CONCLUSIONS: This method of decontamination by O3 gas shows potential due to its fast and easy execution. The establishment of new protocols for hygiene and hospital disinfection using this approach should be considered, which may reduce environmental contamination by fungi and, consequently, the burden of fungal infections.

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Background and Objectives: to identify the perceptions of nursing professionals who worked during the covid-19 pandemic regarding Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs) and Hand Hygiene (HH), categorizing them by profession and region in Brazil. Method: An observational study was conducted from November 2020 to December 2021, involving 493 nursing professionals from all regions of Brazil. The Google Forms® platform, disseminated through social media was used. A questionnaire titled "Basic Questionnaire on Healthcare Professionals' Perception of Healthcare-Associated Infections and Hand Hygiene" was administered. The results were analyzed descriptively, presenting absolute and relative frequencies, divided by groups of nursing professionals (nurses, technicians, and assistants) and by regions of Brazil. Results: The results showed that 43.9% of nurses reported a significant impact of HAIs on the clinical progression of patients, whereas only 26.7% of nursing technicians and assistants shared this perception. Regarding HH, 50.8% of nurses considered a substantial effort necessary to perform it adequately, while 68.9% of nursing technicians and assistants agreed with this statement. Conclusion: most nursing professionals had a high perception of HAIs and HH, considering their profession and geographic region. These findings can contribute to the development of future strategies aimed at improving HH practices in nursing care, particularly during outbreaks of infectious diseases such as covid-19.(AU)

Justificativa e Objetivos: identificar as percepções dos profissionais de enfermagem que atuaram durante a pandemia de covid-19 em relação às Infecções Relacionadas à Assistência à Saúde (IRAS) e à Higienização das Mãos (HM), classificando-os por profissão e regiões brasileiras. Método: estudo observacional foi conduzido de novembro/2020 a dezembro/2021, com a participação de 493 profissionais de enfermagem de todas as regiões do Brasil. Utilizou-se o formulário do Google Forms®, divulgado em redes sociais. Foi aplicado um questionário intitulado "Questionário básico sobre a percepção de profissionais de saúde sobre infecções relacionadas à assistência à saúde e à higienização das mãos". Os resultados foram analisados de forma descritiva, apresentando frequências absolutas e relativas, divididos por grupos de profissionais de enfermagem (enfermeiros, técnicos e auxiliares) e por regiões do Brasil. Resultados: Os resultados mostraram que 43,9% dos enfermeiros relataram um impacto muito alto das IRAS na evolução clínica dos pacientes, enquanto apenas 26,7% dos auxiliares e técnicos de enfermagem compartilharam essa percepção. Em relação à HM, 50,8% dos enfermeiros consideraram que é necessário um grande esforço para realizá-la adequadamente, enquanto 68,9% dos auxiliares e técnicos de enfermagem concordaram com essa afirmação. Conclusão: a maioria dos profissionais de enfermagem apresentou uma alta percepção sobre HM e IRAS, levando em consideração a profissão e a região geográfica. Esses resultados podem contribuir para o desenvolvimento de estratégias futuras com o objetivo de aprimorar as práticas de HM na assistência de enfermagem, principalmente durante surtos de doenças infecciosas, como a covid-19.(AU)

Justificación y Objetivos: identificar las percepciones de los profesionales de enfermería que trabajaron durante la pandemia de COVID-19 en relación con las Infecciones Relacionadas con la Atención de la Salud (IRAS) y la Higiene de las Manos (HM), clasificándolos por profesión y región. Métodos: se llevó a cabo un estudio observacional desde noviembre/2020 hasta diciembre/2021, con la participación de 493 profesionales de enfermería de las 5 regiones de Brasil. El formulario de Google® fue difundido en redes sociales. Se aplicó un cuestionario: "Cuestionario básico sobre la percepción de los profesionales de la salud sobre infecciones relacionadas con la atención de la salud y la higiene de las manos". Los resultados se analizaron de manera descriptiva, presentando frecuencias absolutas y relativas, divididos por enfermeros, técnicos y auxiliares y por regiones. Resultados: 43,9% de los enfermeros informaron impacto muy alto de IRAS en la evolución de los pacientes, mientras que solo 26,7% de los auxiliares y técnicos compartieron esta percepción. En cuanto a la HM, 50,8% de los enfermeros consideraron que se requiere gran esfuerzo para llevarla a cabo adecuadamente, mientras que 68,9% de los auxiliares y técnicos de enfermería estuvieron de acuerdo con esta afirmación. Conclusión: la mayoría de los profesionales de enfermería tuvo una percepción alta sobre las IRAS y la HM, teniendo en cuenta la profesión y la región. Esto puede contribuir al desarrollo de estrategias para mejorar las prácticas de HM en la enfermería, especialmente durante enfermedades infecciosas como el covid-19.(AU)

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Background and Objectives: hand hygiene (HH) is a crucial safety practice, but lack of knowledge can hinder compliance. The objective was to measure and assess the knowledge of nursing professionals who provided care during the COVID-19 pandemic regarding HH and to verify the association between HH knowledge and professional category and regions in Brazil. Methods: an observational study was conducted from November 2020 to December 2021 involving 493 nursing professionals from all regions of Brazil. Data collection was carried out using Google Forms® and social media platforms. The Hand Hygiene Knowledge Test for Healthcare Professionals was used, and results were analyzed descriptively. Pearson's chi-square test (x2) and Fisher's exact test were employed to assess associations. Results: among the participants, the majority (74.7%) had limited or subpar knowledge of HH. Nurses had a higher level of knowledge compared to nursing assistants and licensed practical nurses. Associations were found between professional category and correct answers regarding microorganism destruction time and the type of HH to be used. Conclusion: Brazilian nursing professionals had limited knowledge of HH, with nurses displaying a higher level of knowledge compared to nursing assistants and licensed practical nurse. Continuous education and guidance are necessary to improve HH practices among the nursing staff.(AU)

Justificativas e Objetivos: a higiene das mãos (HM) é uma prática crucial para a segurança, mas a falta de conhecimento pode prejudicar a adesão. Este estudo avaliou o conhecimento dos profissionais de enfermagem que prestaram cuidados durante a pandemia de Covid-19 em relação à HM e explorou a associação entre o conhecimento de HM, categoria profissional e regiões no Brasil. Métodos: um estudo observacional foi conduzido de novembro de 2020 a dezembro de 2021 envolvendo 493 profissionais de enfermagem de todas as regiões do Brasil. A coleta de dados foi realizada usando o Google Forms® e plataformas de mídia social. Foi utilizado o Teste de Conhecimento de Higiene das Mãos para Profissionais de Saúde, e os resultados foram analisados descritivamente. O teste qui-quadrado de Pearson (x2) e o teste exato de Fisher foram empregados para avaliar as associações. Resultados: entre os participantes, a maioria (74,7%) tinha conhecimento limitado ou insuficiente sobre HM. Os enfermeiros apresentaram um nível mais elevado de conhecimento em comparação com os auxiliares e técnicos de enfermagem. Foram encontradas associações entre a categoria profissional e respostas corretas sobre o tempo de destruição de microrganismos e o tipo de HM a ser utilizado. Conclusão: os profissionais de enfermagem brasileiros possuíam conhecimento limitado sobre HM, sendo que os enfermeiros apresentaram um nível mais elevado de conhecimento em comparação com os auxiliares e técnicos de enfermagem. Educação contínua e orientação são necessárias para melhorar as práticas de HM entre a equipe de enfermagem.(AU)

Justificación e Objetivos: la higiene de manos (HM) es una práctica de seguridad crucial, pero la falta de conocimiento puede dificultar el cumplimiento. Este estudio evaluó el conocimiento de los profesionales de enfermería que brindaron atención durante la pandemia de Covid-19 en relación con la HM y exploró la asociación entre el conocimiento de HM, la categoría profesional y las regiones en Brasil. Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional desde noviembre de 2020 hasta diciembre de 2021 que incluyó a 493 profesionales de enfermería de todas las regiones de Brasil. La recopilación de datos se realizó utilizando Google Forms® y plataformas de redes sociales. Se utilizó el Test de Conocimiento de Higiene de Manos para Profesionales de la Salud, y los resultados se analizaron de manera descriptiva. Se emplearon la prueba chi-cuadrado de Pearson (x2) y la prueba exacta de Fisher para evaluar las asociaciones. Resultados: entre los participantes, la mayoría (74,7%) tenía conocimiento limitado o deficiente de HM. Las enfermeras tenían un nivel de conocimiento más alto en comparación con los auxiliares y técnicos de enfermería. Se encontraron asociaciones entre la categoría profesional y las respuestas correctas sobre el tiempo de destrucción de microorganismos y el tipo de HM que debía utilizarse. Conclusión: los profesionales de enfermería brasileños tenían un conocimiento limitado de HM, siendo que las enfermeras mostraban un nivel de conocimiento más alto en comparación con los auxiliares y técnicos de enfermería. Se requiere educación continua y orientación para mejorar las prácticas de HM entre el equipo de enfermería(AU)

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BACKGROUND: Contamination of the breathing circuit and medication preparation surface of an anesthesia machine can increase the risk of cross-infection. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the contamination of the anesthetic medication preparation surface, respiratory circuits, and devices used in general anesthesia with assisted mechanical ventilation. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional, quantitative study conducted at the surgical center of a philanthropic hospital, of medium complexity located in the municipality of Três Lagoas, in the eastern region of the State of Mato Grosso do Sul. METHODS: Eighty-two microbiological samples were collected from the breathing circuits. After repeating the samples in different culture media, 328 analyses were performed. RESULTS: A higher occurrence of E. coli, Enterobacter spp., Pseudomonas spp., Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus pneumoniae (P < 0.001) were observed. Variations were observed depending on the culture medium and sample collection site. CONCLUSION: The study findings underscore the inadequate disinfection of the inspiratory and expiratory branches, highlighting the importance of stringent cleaning and disinfection of high-touch surfaces.

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BACKGROUND: Gloves are personal protective equipment designed to prevent contamination and reduce the spread of microorganisms. This study aimed to assess in vitro the physical integrity of latex gloves and the retention of biological contamination in healthcare simulation. METHOD: Three different batches of latex procedure gloves from five different brands and specific batches were evaluated before use for physical integrity by the standard protocols of the Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) and of the American Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Moreover, the retention of biological contamination by latex procedure gloves in needlestick injury simulation with crystal violet and bacteriophages were applied in order to mimic human blood and virus presence. RESULTS: Brands D and C showed the best and worst results in the immediate inspections and after 2 min, respectively. For Brand C, damage occurred in one finger/region in a total of 12 gloves, while seven gloves were damaged/unable to be worn. Brand D presented only two gloves with tears and/or holes in one finger/region. Regarding the viral contamination, in a simulated needlestick injury, data showed no significant difference among the groups. CONCLUSION: All glove brands presented physical damage that might affect the spread of microorganisms. The gloves did not exert an additional protective effect during a needlestick injury simulation in accordance with the two techniques used in this study.

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Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common monogenic cause of chronic kidney disease and the fourth leading cause of end-stage kidney disease, accounting for over 50% of prevalent cases requiring renal replacement therapy. There is a pressing need for improved therapy for ADPKD. Recent insights into the pathophysiology of ADPKD revealed that cyst cells undergo metabolic changes that up-regulate aerobic glycolysis in lieu of mitochondrial respiration for energy production, a process that ostensibly fuels their increased proliferation. The present work leverages this metabolic disruption as a way to selectively target cyst cells for apoptosis. This small-molecule therapeutic strategy utilizes 11beta-dichloro, a repurposed DNA-damaging anti-tumor agent that induces apoptosis by exacerbating mitochondrial oxidative stress. Here, we demonstrate that 11beta-dichloro is effective in delaying cyst growth and its associated inflammatory and fibrotic events, thus preserving kidney function in perinatal and adult mouse models of ADPKD. In both models, the cyst cells with homozygous inactivation of Pkd1 show enhanced oxidative stress following treatment with 11beta-dichloro and undergo apoptosis. Co-administration of the antioxidant vitamin E negated the therapeutic benefit of 11beta-dichloro in vivo, supporting the conclusion that oxidative stress is a key component of the mechanism of action. As a preclinical development primer, we also synthesized and tested an 11beta-dichloro derivative that cannot directly alkylate DNA, while retaining pro-oxidant features. This derivative nonetheless maintains excellent anti-cystic properties in vivo and emerges as the lead candidate for development.

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ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Contamination of the breathing circuit and medication preparation surface of an anesthesia machine can increase the risk of cross-infection. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the contamination of the anesthetic medication preparation surface, respiratory circuits, and devices used in general anesthesia with assisted mechanical ventilation. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional, quantitative study conducted at the surgical center of a philanthropic hospital, of medium complexity located in the municipality of Três Lagoas, in the eastern region of the State of Mato Grosso do Sul. METHODS: Eighty-two microbiological samples were collected from the breathing circuits. After repeating the samples in different culture media, 328 analyses were performed. RESULTS: A higher occurrence of E. coli, Enterobacter spp., Pseudomonas spp., Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus pneumoniae (P < 0.001) were observed. Variations were observed depending on the culture medium and sample collection site. CONCLUSION: The study findings underscore the inadequate disinfection of the inspiratory and expiratory branches, highlighting the importance of stringent cleaning and disinfection of high-touch surfaces.

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ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze clinical outcomes in newborns of pregnant women with COVID-19. Methods: integrative review conducted in PubMed, Web of Knowledge, SCOPUS, CINHAL; 2,111 studies were obtained, and 8 articles comprised the final sample. Results: clinical outcomes in neonates of pregnant women positive for COVID-19 were classified according to the following categories: a) contamination by COVID-19, reported in 62.5% of the studies; b) hospital discharge due to improvement, mentioned in 37.5% of the articles; c) death, representing rare cases in 25% of the sample. The most prevalent gestational complication was prematurity, mentioned in 75% of the studies. This complication has been observed due to cases of premature rupture of membranes and placental abruption. Conclusions: despite the knowledge of asymptomatic and mildly symptomatic behavior in neonates, it is important to continue the search for new clinical data, as this public has uncertain reactions to SARS-CoV-2 infection.

RESUMO Objetivos: analisar desfechos clínicos em recém-nascidos de mulheres grávidas com COVID-19. Métodos: revisão integrativa realizada no PubMed, Web of Knowledge, SCOPUS, CINHAL; foram obtidos 2.111 estudos, e 8 artigos compuseram a amostra final. Resultados: os desfechos clínicos em neonatos de mulheres grávidas positivas para COVID-19 foram classificados de acordo com as seguintes categorias: a) contaminação por COVID-19, relatada em 62,5% dos estudos; b) alta hospitalar devido à melhora, mencionada em 37,5% dos artigos; c) óbito, representando casos raros em 25% da amostra. A complicação gestacional mais prevalente foi prematuridade, mencionada em 75% dos estudos. Essa complicação foi observada devido a casos de ruptura prematura de membranas e descolamento de placenta. Conclusões: apesar do conhecimento do comportamento assintomático e levemente sintomático em neonatos, é importante continuar a busca por novos dados clínicos, pois esse público apresenta reações incertas à infecção por SARS-CoV-2.

RESUMEN Objetivos: analizar los desenlaces clínicos en recién nacidos de mujeres embarazadas con COVID-19. Métodos: revisión integradora realizada en PubMed, Web of Knowledge, SCOPUS, CINHAL; se obtuvieron 2.111 estudios y 8 artículos conformaron la muestra final. Resultados: los desenlaces clínicos en neonatos de mujeres embarazadas positivas para COVID-19 se clasificaron según las siguientes categorías: a) contaminación por COVID-19, reportada en el 62,5% de los estudios; b) alta hospitalaria debido a mejoría, mencionada en el 37,5% de los artículos; c) fallecimiento, representando casos raros en el 25% de la muestra. La complicación gestacional más prevalente fue la prematuridad, mencionada en el 75% de los estudios. Esta complicación se observó debido a casos de rotura prematura de membranas y desprendimiento de placenta. Conclusiones: a pesar del conocimiento del comportamiento asintomático y levemente sintomático en los recién nacidos, es importante continuar la búsqueda de nuevos datos clínicos, ya que este público presenta reacciones inciertas a la infección por el SARS-CoV-2.

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AIM: The aim of this study is to evaluate highly touched clinical surfaces using visual inspection methods and adenosine triphosphate by bioluminescence to identify soiling in intensive care units. METHOD: Descriptive, cross-sectional study carried out in three intensive care units located in Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. Data collection included 142 assessments of environmental surfaces. For data analysis, the Pareto diagram and descriptive statistics were used through measures of central tendency. RESULTS: The visual inspection identified dirtiness in the infusion pump, alcohol dispenser, and telephone. The surface that showed a high level of contamination by organic matter identified by the adenosine triphosphate bioluminescence test was the telephone, with a median of 1012 RLU/cm2 (±348.8). CONCLUSION: The surface evaluation methods used in the intensive care units made it possible to identify dirt on surfaces highly touched by hands, reinforcing the need for investments in training and audits in the process of cleaning and disinfecting surfaces.

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OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of an educational intervention on the knowledge of nursing professionals regarding standard precautions. METHODS: This is an almost experimental study conducted with 100 nursing professionals. Data collection was performed using a sociodemographic characterization instrument and the Standard Precautions Knowledge Questionnaire. The educational intervention was based on five moments, where the approach to questions with less than 70% accuracy was intensified. RESULTS: There was a significant difference between the scores of healthcare professionals before (16.20 ± 1.51) and after (16.90 ± 1.31) the educational intervention (W=3.336; p < 0.05). Regarding knowledge about hand hygiene after glove use, an increase in knowledge from 83% to 93% was obtained. CONCLUSIONS: A positive effect on the professionals' knowledge was recorded, demonstrating advances regarding the strengthening of already acquired knowledge and the understanding of new knowledge.

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Introducción: Durante la pandemia del covid-19 se implementaron protocolos de seguridad que contribuyeron a la protección de pacientes y profesionales de enfermería. Objetivo: Evaluar el conocimiento sobre el proceso de vestirse y desvertirse de los profesionales de enfermería que actuaron en la asistencia durante la pandemia de covid-19 y verificar la asociación entre ese conocimiento y las características sociodemográficas y de desempeño de los profesionales de enfermería. Método: Estudio transversal, realizado de noviembre de 2020 a diciembre de 2021 con profesionales de enfermería que actúan en el cuidado en las cinco regiones de Brasil. El cuestionario fue desarrollado considerando la Nota Técnica GVIMS/GGTES/ANVISA N° 04/2020. Consta de 10 preguntas, que van de 0 a 10 puntos. Se estableció el punto de corte ≥ 75 puntos y < 74 puntos para indicar conocimiento suficiente y conocimiento insuficiente, respectivamente. La recolección de datos se realizó mediante formularios de Google®, utilizando diferentes redes sociales. Resultados: De los 493 profesionales de enfermería, 157 tenían entre 30 y 39 años, 374 eran del sexo femenino y 358 trabajaban como enfermeros. En cuanto al conocimiento sobre el processo de vestirse y desvestirse, 370 tenían conocimiento suficiente y 123 conocimiento insuficiente. No hubo asociación entre el conocimiento sobre el proceso de vestirse y quitarse con características sociodemográficas y desempeño profesional. Conclusión: Los profesionales de enfermería demostraron conocimientos adecuados sobre el proceso de vestirse y desvestirse y no hubo asociación entre conocimiento y caracterización de los participantes (AU)

Introdução: Durante a pandemia por covid-19 foram implementados de protocolos de segurança que contribuiram para a proteção de pacientes e profissionais de enfermagem. Objetivo: Avaliar o conhecimento sobre a sequência da paramentação e desparamentação por profissionais de enfermagem que atuaram na assistência durante a pandemia por covid-19 e verificar a associação entre esse conhecimento e características sociodemográficas e de atuação dos profissionais de enfermagem. Método: Estudo transversal, realizado de novembro de 2020 a dezembro de 2021 com profissionais de enfermagem atuantes na assistência nas cinco regiões do Brasil. O questionário foi desenvolvido considerando a Nota Técnica GVIMS/GGTES/ANVISA Nº 04/2020. E conta com 10 questões, variando de 0 a 10 pontos. Foi estabelecido o ponto de corte ≥ 75 pontos e < 74 pontos para indicar conhecimento suficiente e conhecimento insuficiente, respectivamente. A coleta de dados foi realizada pelo Google forms®, utilizando diferentes redes sociais. Resultados: Dos 493 profissionais de enfermagem, 157 tinham idade entre 30 a 39 anos, 374 eram do sexo feminino, e 358 atuavam como enfermeiros. Em termos de conhecimento sobre a sequência de paramentação e desparamentação, 370 apresentaram conhecimento suficiente e 123 conhecimento insuficiente. Não teve associação entre o conhecimento sobre paramentação e desparamentação com as características sociodemográficas e de atuação dos profissionais. Conclusão: Os profissionais de enfermagem demonstraram conhecimento adequado sobre a paramentação e desparamentação e não houve associação entre o conhecimento e a caracterização dos participantes. (AU)

Introduction: During the covid-19 pandemic, safety protocols were implemented that contributed to the protection of patients and nursing professionals. Objective: To evaluate the knowledge about the sequence of dressing and undressing by nursing professionals who worked in assistance during the covid-19 pandemic and to verify the association between this knowledge and sociodemographic and performance characteristics of nursing professionals. Method: Cross-sectional study, carried out from November 2020 to December 2021 with nursing professionals working in care in the five regions of Brazil. The questionnaire was developed considering the Technical Note GVIMS/GGTES/ANVISA No. 04/2020. It has 10 questions, ranging from 0 to 10 points. The cutoff point ≥ 75 points and < 74 points was established to indicate sufficient knowledge and insufficient knowledge. Data collection was performed using Google forms®, using different social networks. Results: Of the 493 nursing professionals, 157 were aged between 30 and 39 years, 374 were female, and 358 worked as nurses. In terms of knowledge about the dressing and undressing sequence, 370 had sufficient knowledge and 123 had insufficient knowledge. There was no association between knowledge about dressing and undressing with sociodemographic characteristics and professional performance. Conclusion: Nursing professionals demonstrated adequate knowledge about dressing and undressing and there was no association between knowledge and characterization of the participants. (AU)

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INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to analyze the adherence to standard precautions by nursing professionals in a public university hospital, and to identify associated factors. METHODOLOGY: This was a cross-sectional study with the nursing staff of a public university hospital. The participants provided sociodemographic and immunization data, training data on standard precautions and occupational accident history, and responded to the questionnaire on adherence to standard precautions (QASP). Descriptive data analysis and Pearson's Chi-square test (χ²) were performed, followed by Fisher's exact test to verify the association between the adherence to standard precautions (total score ≥ 76 points) and the sample characterization variables. Additionally, binary logistic regression indicated the odds ratio (OR) of the sample characterization variables for adherence to standard precautions. A p value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: The average score for adherence to standard precautions, through QASP, by nursing professionals evaluated was 70.5 points. Association between the adherence to standard precautions and the professionals' sample characterization variables was not identified. However, it was observed that experienced professionals (≥15 years of experience in the institution) were more likely to adhere to standard precautions (OR 0.062; IC95% [0.006-0.663]; p = 0.021). CONCLUSIONS: In general, the adherence to standard precautions by nursing professionals working in health service in this study can be considered inadequate, highlighting major weaknesses in hand hygiene practices, use of personal protective equipment (PPE), recapping of used needles, and conduct after suffering occupational accidents. Experienced professionals were more likely to adhere to standard precautions.

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Background: Antimicrobial textiles have proved to be a promising biosafety strategy. Thus, the current study was focused on identifying which antimicrobial substances impregnated in textiles used in healthcare services confer efficacy in reducing the microbial load present in these textiles and/or the Healthcare-Associated Infection (HAI) rates, when compared to conventional textiles. Methods: A systematic review of intervention studies using MEDLINE via the PubMed portal, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar and medRxiv. The studies identified were selected according to eligibility criteria and submitted to data extraction and methodological quality evaluation through Joanna Briggs Institute specific tools. The outcomes were synthesized qualitatively. Results: 23 studies were selected to comprise the final sample, in which antimicrobial textiles were used by hospitalized patients, by health professionals during work shifts and in inanimate healthcare environments. Conclusions: Copper, silver, zinc oxide, titanium and silver-doped titanium impregnated in textiles used by patients confer efficacy in reducing the microbial load of these textiles and/or the HAI rates. Quaternary ammonium, chlorhexidine, silver and copper together, quaternary ammonium, alcohols and isothiazolone derivatives together, chitosan and dimethylol dimethyl hydantoin together, all impregnated in textiles used by health professionals confer efficacy in reducing the microbial load of these textiles. Quaternary ammonium impregnated in textiles used in inanimate healthcare environments confers efficacy in reducing the microbial load of these textiles.

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ABSTRACT: People living with HIV (PWH) experience an accelerated aging process. There is no anthropometric predictive model for appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) in PWH. This study develops anthropometric models to predict and validate ASM measured by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in PWH; DXA scans were obtained for 125 PWH (male = 74; age >18 years) on antiretroviral therapy. Fat mass ratio was used for lipodystrophy diagnosis. A multiple stepwise linear regression considered ASM DXA as the dependent variable and validated by PRESS method. A high power of determination and low standard estimate error were found for ASM DXA -predicted (adjusted r2 = 0.84 to 0.87, standard estimate error = 1.7-1.6 kg) and high PRESS validation coefficients (Q 2PRESS = 0.84-0.86, S PRESS = 1.7-1.6 kg). The variables included were lipodystrophy diagnosis, medial calf circumference, sex, and total body weight. We present novel, reliable, and validated anthropometric models to predict ASM DXA in PWH.

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OBJECTIVE: To compile the instruments validated in Brazil for assessing adherence of people living with HIV to antiretroviral therapy. METHODS: Scoping review using the Web of Science, Scopus, Medline (via PubMed), Embase, BDENF, CINAHL and Lilacs databases. In addition, the Preprints bioRxiv, Google Scholar and OpenGrey servers were checked. There was no language restriction for the search, and it considered articles published from the year 1996 onwards. RESULTS: Three publications were included in the qualitative synthesis. Following were the instruments identified "Questionário para Avaliação da Adesão ao Tratamento Antirretroviral" (Questionnaire for Assessment of Adherence to Antiretroviral Treatment) developed in Porto Alegre (RS) and published in 2007; the "Escala de autoeficácia para adesão ao tratamento antirretroviral em crianças e adolescentes com HIV/Aids" (Self-efficacy Scale for Adherence to Antiretroviral Treatment in Children and Adolescents with HIV/Aids) developed in São Paulo (SP) and published in 2008; and the "WebAd-Q, um instrumento de autorrelato para monitorar a adesão à terapia antirretroviral em serviços de HIV/Aids no Brasil" (WebAd-Q, a self-report instrument to monitor adherence to antiretroviral therapy in HIV/Aids services in Brazil) developed in São Bernardo do Campo (SP) and published in 2018. The instruments were validated in Brazil, and presented statistically acceptable values for psychometric qualities. CONCLUSION: The instruments to assess adherence of people living with HIV to antiretroviral therapy are validated strategies for the Brazilian context. However, their (re)use in different settings and contexts of the nation should be expanded. The use of these instruments by health professionals can improve the understanding of factors that act negatively and positively on antiretroviral therapy adherence, and the proposition of strategies intended to consolidate good adherence and intervene in the treatment of people with low therapeutic engagement.

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Background: Understanding the correlation between the methods of monitoring surface cleaning and disinfection (SCD) is fundamental for better infection control. Purpose: This study aims to correlate the SCD monitoring methods in a Brazilian pediatric unit. This is an exploratory, longitudinal, and correlational study. Methods: The study was conducted in a pediatric hospitalization unit of a medium-sized hospital from December 2020 to March 2021. Four high-contact surfaces were analyzed before and after the cleaning and disinfection process by means of visual inspection, quantification of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and colony-forming unit (CFU) count. The study consisted of three stages: stage I involving situational diagnosis of the SCD process; stage II referring to the implementation of the Surface Cleaning and Disinfection Standardization Program (SCDSP); and stage III involving long-term assessment after implementing the program. A total of 192 assessments were performed in each stage, totaling 576 in the three study stages. Conclusions: A significant correlation was found between the ATP quantification methods and microbial count in the bed railing (p = 0.009) and companion's armchair (p = 0.018) surfaces. In both cases, Spearman's correlation coefficients were positive, indicating a positive correlation between ATP and microbial count scores, that is, the higher the ATP values (in RLUs), the greater the microbial counts (in CFUs/cm2). The analysis of the ROC curves suggests that the surfaces presenting ATP below 108 RLUs can be considered approved. The ATP method yielded 78.6% sensitivity; in turn, microbial count presented a sensitivity of 85.7%. It is important to use different methods to monitor the cleaning and disinfection of surfaces, as each one has different sensitivity and specificity.