RESUMEN
AIMS: Simple Bone Cysts (SBCs) predominantly occur in long bones and 59% harbour NFATC2 rearrangements. Jaw SBC is rare and was previously referred to as traumatic bone cyst. It can rarely occur in association with cemento-osseous dysplasia (COD). To determine whether jaw SBCs represent the same entity as SBC of the long bones, or if they have a different molecular signature, we collected 48 jaw SBC cases of 47 patients to assess NFATC2 rearrangement. METHODS AND RESULTS: Out of the 48 cases, 36 could be used for fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH), of which nine (two of which associated with COD) were successful using an NFATC2 split probe. The remaining cases failed to show adequate FISH signals. All nine cases lacked NFATC2 rearrangement and five of these showed no detectable gene fusions using Archer FusionPlex. CONCLUSION: In our study, NFATC2 rearrangement is absent in solitary jaw SBC (n = 7) and COD-associated SBC (n = 2). Our findings suggest that SBC presenting in the jaw is molecularly different from SBC in long bones. Future molecular studies may confirm the absence of clonal molecular aberrations in SBC of the jaw which would support a non-neoplastic, reactive origin.
Asunto(s)
Quistes Óseos , Factores de Transcripción NFATC , Tumores Odontogénicos , Humanos , Quistes Óseos/genética , Tumores Odontogénicos/genética , Factores de Transcripción NFATC/genéticaRESUMEN
Oncocytic lipoadenoma (OL) is a rare salivary gland tumor characterized by the presence of oncocytic cells and mature adipose tissue. To date, only 30 cases of OL have been reported in the English-language literature. We present 3 additional OL cases involving the parotid, including a synchronous presentation with paraganglioma of the right carotid bifurcation. Microscopically, both the OLs were composed of a mixed population of oncocytes and adipocytes in varying proportions surrounded by a thin, connective tissue fibrous capsule. Oncocytes were positive for pan-cytokeratins (CKs) AE1/AE3, epithelial membrane antigen, CK5, CK7, CK14, CK18, and CK19. Calponin, p63, alpha-smooth muscle actin, and carcinoembryonic antigen were negative. Vimentin and S-100 protein were positive only in adipose cells. Despite distinctive morphologic features, OL is often misdiagnosed, given its rarity. We hope to contribute to surgeons' and pathologists' awareness and knowledge regarding the existence of this tumor and provide adequate management through conservative surgical excision.
Asunto(s)
Adenoma/patología , Arterias Carótidas/patología , Lipoma/patología , Neoplasias Primarias Múltiples/patología , Paraganglioma/patología , Neoplasias de la Parótida/patología , Neoplasias Vasculares/patología , Adenoma/diagnóstico , Adulto , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Femenino , Humanos , Lipoma/diagnóstico , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neoplasias Primarias Múltiples/diagnóstico , Células Oxífilas/patología , Paraganglioma/diagnóstico , Neoplasias de la Parótida/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Vasculares/diagnósticoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: To evaluate the frequency and analyze demographic and clinical characteristics of individuals with a histopathological diagnosis of oral lymphatic malformations (OLMs). METHODS: A multicenter study was performed, collecting biopsy record data from a consortium of Brazilian Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology Centers. A review was also conducted to compare this data with cases already available in the literature. RESULTS: This study retrieved 208 cases of OLM in the multicenter study and 1035 cases in the literature review. In both, OLMs affected male and female individuals equally, with the most affected site being the tongue. Individuals ≥60 years of age were uncommonly affected. Symptomatic and larger lesions were more commonly reported in the literature review. CONCLUSIONS: This study comprises the largest sample of OLMs to date. OLMs are rare conditions, without sex predilection. The elderly proved to be less frequently affected, and the tongue is the most commonly affected site.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de la Lengua , Anciano , Biopsia , Brasil , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Estudios Multicéntricos como Asunto , LenguaRESUMEN
Intramuscular hemangioma (IMH) represents less than 1% of all hemangiomas. In the head and neck region, it occurs mostly in the masseter, temporalis and sternocleidomastoid muscles. Despite its infiltrative growth pattern and several worrisome histological features, such as increased mitotic activity, plumpness of the nuclei, intraluminal papillary projections or perineural infiltration, the lesion is benign, and complete surgical excision is the preferred treatment for such oral lesions. Herein, we report three rare cases of IMH in the tongue and lip, discuss the clinical and histological aspects, and review the literature regarding this lesion.
Asunto(s)
Hemangioma , Neoplasias de la Boca , Neoplasias de los Músculos , Anciano , Femenino , Hemangioma/metabolismo , Hemangioma/patología , Hemangioma/cirugía , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neoplasias de la Boca/metabolismo , Neoplasias de la Boca/patología , Neoplasias de la Boca/cirugía , Neoplasias de los Músculos/metabolismo , Neoplasias de los Músculos/patología , Neoplasias de los Músculos/cirugíaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Salivary gland tumors (SGT) account for 3-10% of all head and neck neoplasms, and little is known about their angiogenic properties. Despite semaphorins and neuropilins have been demonstrated to be prognostic determinants in many human cancers, they remain to be investigated in SGT. Therefore, the objective of this study was to analyze the clinical significance of the expression of class 3 semaphorins A (Sema3A) and B (Sema3B) and neuropilins-1 (Np-1) and neuropilins-2 (Np-2), in SGT. METHODS: Two hundred and forty-eight SGT were organized in tissue microarray paraffin blocks and expression of CD34, Sema3A, Sema3B, Np-1, and Np-2 was determined through immunohistochemistry. The immunoreactions were quantified using digital algorithms and the results correlated with clinicopathological parameters. RESULTS: Malignant tumors had an increased vascular density than their benign counterparts and their increased vascular area significantly correlated with recurrences (P < 0.05). Patients older than 40 years and the presence of recurrences determined an inferior survival rate (P = 0.0057 and P = 0.0303, respectively). In normal salivary glands, Np-1 and Np-2 expression was restricted to ductal cells, whereas Sema3A and Sema3B were positive in the serous acinar compartment. Tumors were positive for all markers and the co-expression of Np-1/Np-2 significantly correlated with the presence of paresthesia and advanced stages of the tumors (P = 0.01 and P = 0.04, respectively). CONCLUSION: Sema3A, Sema3B, Np-1, and Np-2 may be involved in the pathogenesis of SGT, but their expression did not present a statistically significant prognostic potential in this study.
Asunto(s)
Neuropilinas/biosíntesis , Neoplasias de las Glándulas Salivales/metabolismo , Semaforinas/biosíntesis , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Antígenos CD34/sangre , Biomarcadores de Tumor/genética , Biomarcadores de Tumor/metabolismo , Niño , Femenino , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia/genética , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia/metabolismo , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia/patología , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Neuropilinas/genética , Pronóstico , Neoplasias de las Glándulas Salivales/genética , Neoplasias de las Glándulas Salivales/patología , Semaforinas/genética , Tasa de Supervivencia , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Verruciform xanthoma of the oral cavity is an uncommon benign lesion that usually affects the palate and gingiva mainly as a well-circumscribed solitary yellowish to whitish plaque or nodule, which is promptly recognized microscopically by identification of sub-epithelial foamy macrophages. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical features of 20 cases of oral verruciform xanthoma. All cases were evaluated by conventional hematoxylin/eosin staining and six of those were submitted to immunohistochemical reactions for CD68, CD63, CD163, syndecan-1 (CD138), S-100 protein and cytokeratins (CK) 8, 14 and 19. Oral verruciform xanthoma presented as yellowish papillary nodules affecting mainly the palate (30%), buccal mucosa (30%) and gingiva (25%) of middle-aged male patients. Most cases presented papillary epithelial hyperplasia and sub-epithelial foamy cells, which were immunopositive for CD68, CD63 and CD163 in all cases. The orange parakeratin superficial layer was negative for CK14 and presented a distinct granular membrane pattern of positivity for CD138. S-100 protein, CK8, and CK19 were negative.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de la Boca/metabolismo , Enfermedades de la Boca/patología , Xantomatosis/metabolismo , Xantomatosis/patología , Adulto , Anciano , Antígenos CD/metabolismo , Antígenos de Diferenciación Mielomonocítica/metabolismo , Femenino , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica , Queratinas/metabolismo , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Receptores de Superficie Celular/metabolismo , Proteínas S100/metabolismo , Sindecano-1/metabolismo , Tetraspanina 30/metabolismoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Pilomatrixoma, craniopharyngioma, and calcifying cystic odontogenic tumor are the main entities presenting ghost cells as an important histological feature, in spite their quite different clinical presentation; it seems that they share a common pathway in the formation of these cells. The aim of this study is to examine and compare the characteristics of ghost and other cells that form these lesions. METHODS: Forty-three cases including 21 pilomatrixomas, 14 craniopharyngiomas, and eight calcifying cystic odontogenic tumors were evaluated by immunohistochemistry for cytokeratins, CD138, ß-catenin, D2-40, Glut-1, FAS, CD10 and also by scanning electron microscopy. RESULTS: The CKs, CD138, ß-catenin, Glut-1, FAS, and CD10 were more often expressed by transitional cells of craniopharyngioma and calcifying cystic odontogenic tumor, compared with pilomatrixoma. Basaloid cells of pilomatrixoma showed strong positivity for CD138 and CD10. Differences on expression pattern were identified in transitional and basal cells, as ghost cells were negative for most antibodies used, except by low expression for cytokeratins. By scanning electron microscopy, the morphology of ghost cells were similar in their fibrillar cytoplasm, but their pattern varied from sheets in pilomatrixoma to small clusters in craniopharyngioma and calcifying cystic odontogenic tumor. CONCLUSIONS: Mechanisms involved in formation of ghost cells are unknown, but probably they follow different pathways as protein expression in the basal/transitional cells was not uniform in the three tumors studied.
Asunto(s)
Craneofaringioma/patología , Enfermedades del Cabello/patología , Neoplasias Maxilomandibulares/patología , Quiste Odontogénico Calcificado/patología , Tumores Odontogénicos/patología , Pilomatrixoma/patología , Neoplasias Hipofisarias/patología , Neoplasias Cutáneas/patología , Craneofaringioma/metabolismo , Craneofaringioma/ultraestructura , Células Epiteliales/patología , Transportador de Glucosa de Tipo 1/metabolismo , Enfermedades del Cabello/metabolismo , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica , Neoplasias Maxilomandibulares/metabolismo , Neoplasias Maxilomandibulares/ultraestructura , Queratinas/metabolismo , Microscopía Electrónica de Rastreo , Neprilisina/metabolismo , Quiste Odontogénico Calcificado/metabolismo , Quiste Odontogénico Calcificado/ultraestructura , Tumores Odontogénicos/metabolismo , Tumores Odontogénicos/ultraestructura , Pilomatrixoma/metabolismo , Pilomatrixoma/ultraestructura , Neoplasias Hipofisarias/metabolismo , Neoplasias Hipofisarias/ultraestructura , Neoplasias Cutáneas/metabolismo , Neoplasias Cutáneas/ultraestructura , Sindecano-1/metabolismo , beta Catenina/metabolismo , Receptor fas/metabolismoRESUMEN
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Cassia occidentalis L. (syn. Senna occidentalis; Leguminosae) has been used as natural medicine in rainforests and tropical regions as laxative, analgesic, febrifuge, diuretic, hepatoprotective, vermifuge and colagogo. Herein, we performed a pre-clinical safety evaluation of hydroalcoholic extract of Cassia occidentalis stem and leaf in male and female Wistar rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In acute toxicity tests, four groups of rats (n=5/group/sex) were orally treated with doses of 0.625, 1.25, 2.5 and 5.0 g/kg and general behavior, adverse effects and mortality were recorded for up to 14 days. In subacute toxicity assays, animals received Cassia occidentalis by gavage at the doses of 0.10, 0.50 or 2.5 g/kg/day (n=10/group/sex) for 30 days and biochemical, hematological and morphological parameters were determined. RESULTS: Cassia occidentalis did not produce any hazardous symptoms or death in the acute toxicity test, showing a LD(50) higher than 5 g/kg. Subacute treatment with Cassia occidentalis failed to change body weight gain, food and water consumption and hematological and biochemical profiles. In addition, no changes in macroscopical and microscopical aspect of organs were observed in the animals. CONCLUSIONS: Our results showed that acute or subacute administration of Cassia occidentalis is not toxic in male and female Wistar rats, suggesting a safety use by humans.