RESUMEN
The established protocol for the cryopreservation of winter-dormant Malus buds requires that stem explants, containing a single, dormant bud are desiccated at -4 degree C, for up to 14 days, to reduce their water content to 25-30 percent of fresh weight. Using three apple cultivars, with known differences in response to cryopreservation, the pattern of evaporative water loss has been characterised, including early freezing events in the bud and cortical tissues that allow further desiccation by water migration to extracellular ice. There were no significant differences between cultivars in this respect or in the proportions of tissue water lost during the desiccation process. Differential Scanning Calorimetry (to -90 degree C) of intact buds indicated that bud tissues of the cultivar with the poorest response to cryopreservation had the highest residual water content at the end of the desiccation process and froze at the highest temperature.
Asunto(s)
Criopreservación/métodos , Desecación/métodos , Malus/fisiología , Brotes de la Planta/fisiología , Rastreo Diferencial de Calorimetría , Frío , Congelación , Transición de Fase , AguaRESUMEN
The objectives of the study were to evaluate 1) the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of p16(INK4a) as a marker for high-grade cervical lesions, 2) the results of a real-time polymerase chain reaction detecting high-risk human papillomavirus, and 3) the interobserver variability of the p16(INK4a) interpretation.A total of 232 ThinPrep samples were stained for p16(INK4a), and HPV-DNA PCR was performed on 107 specimens with inclusion of both benign and abnormal cytology. Histological follow-up information was collected. The diagnostic sensitivity of ASC+ with CIN2+ in histology as endpoint was 96% for p16(INK4a) and 100% for HR-HPV DNA PCR, and the diagnostic specificity was 41% and 27%, respectively. If p16(INK4a) had been used for triage of the ASC samples, then 18 patients (42%) could have been spared unnecessary follow-up procedures compared to six patients (21%) with the HR-HPV DNA test.
Asunto(s)
Biomarcadores de Tumor/análisis , Inhibidor p16 de la Quinasa Dependiente de Ciclina/análisis , Inmunohistoquímica , Papillomaviridae/aislamiento & purificación , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/diagnóstico , Displasia del Cuello del Útero/diagnóstico , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/diagnóstico , Adulto , Cuello del Útero/química , Cuello del Útero/virología , ADN Viral/análisis , Femenino , Técnicas Histológicas , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Variaciones Dependientes del Observador , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa de Transcriptasa Inversa , Sensibilidad y Especificidad , Frotis VaginalAsunto(s)
Necesidades y Demandas de Servicios de Salud/tendencias , Servicios de Salud Mental/estadística & datos numéricos , Dinámica Poblacional , Anciano , Enfermedad Crónica , Servicios de Salud para Ancianos/estadística & datos numéricos , Humanos , Trastornos Mentales/epidemiología , Trastornos Mentales/terapia , Estados Unidos/epidemiologíaAsunto(s)
Presión Sanguínea , Frecuencia Cardíaca , Fumar , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Esfuerzo FísicoRESUMEN
The possible harmful effect of physical activity on the extent of myocardial damage in patients with fresh myocardial infarction (AMI) has been a matter of debate. In this paper, serial determinations of serum creatine kinase (CK) isoenzymes are presented from 20 unselected patients with AMI, in 14 of them complicated by congestive heart failure or/and significant rhythm disturbances. During the acute phase, the cardiospecific MB-isoenzyme of CK in all patients rose above the upper reference limit of 30 U/l, the peak values ranging from 39 to 741, and returned to normal range within a few days. During the third week a maximal, symptom-limited exercise test was performed, with renewed serial determinations of CK-isoenzymes. Following the exercise an ST-segment deviation in the ECG was noted in 14 patients, anginal pain in 4, and a significant rise in serum CK--MM activity in 9 patients, whereas the CK--MB isoenzyme remained at zero level in all 20 patients. Thus, no evidence was found that even a maximal physical effort during the third week after AMI did cause any myocardial damage.
Asunto(s)
Creatina Quinasa/metabolismo , Prueba de Esfuerzo/efectos adversos , Infarto del Miocardio/enzimología , Enfermedad Aguda , Adulto , Anciano , Arritmias Cardíacas/complicaciones , Femenino , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/complicaciones , Humanos , Isoenzimas , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Infarto del Miocardio/complicaciones , Infarto del Miocardio/etiología , RecurrenciaRESUMEN
Pivmecillinam is a new penicillin-like compound belonging to the so-called amidinopenicillins and characterized by a high antibacterial activity against Enterobacteriaceae and by demonstrated synergism when combined with other beta-lactam antibiotics. In this prospective trial geriatric patients with a stationary indwelling catheter and significant bacteriuria caused by Enterobacteriaceae were treated for four weeks with pivmecillinam, pivampicillin or various combinations of the two compounds. Urine specimens were obtained weekly, and in eight patients receiving pivmecillinam 75% of the urine samples were free from Enterobacteriaceae during the period of treatment. The figure was 91% in 24 patients receiving combination therapy. In seven patients treated with an equimolar dose of pivampicillin alone 43% and 23% of the urine specimens, controlled during the first and the second havles of the treatment period respectively, Enterbacteriaceae was eradicated. In this group there was a marked and increasing tendency towards infections caused by more resistant strains of Enterobacteriaceae as the treatment progressed. The latter is keeping with the observation that pivmecillinam, as opposed to ampicillin, apparently does not cause any selection of resistant Enterobacteriaceae in the faecal flora which is the main source of urinary pathogens.