RESUMEN
We recently demonstrated that a co-culture system of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) could enhance angiogenesis ability in vitro. However, whether tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) could promote blood vessel formation during pulp regeneration remained unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of TNF-α on the formation of endothelial tubules and vascular networks in a co-culture system of hDPSCs and HUVECs. hDPSCs were co-cultured with HUVECs at a ratio of 1:5. The Matrigel assay was performed to detect the total tubule branching lengths and numbers of branches, and the Cell-Counting Kit 8 assay was performed to examine the effect of TNF-α on cell proliferation. Real-time polymerase chain reactions and western blot were used to detect vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA and protein expression. The Matrigel assay showed significantly greater total branching lengths and numbers of branches formed in the experimental groups treated with different concentrations of TNF-α compared with the control group. The decomposition times of the tubule structures were also significantly prolonged (P < 0.05). Treatment with 50 ng/ml TNF-α did not significantly change the proliferation of co-cultured cells, but it significantly increased the VEGF mRNA and protein expression levels (p < 0.05). In addition, the migration abilities of HUVECs and hDPSCs increased after co-culture with TNF-α (p < 0.05). TNF-α enhanced angiogenic ability in vitro in the co-culture system of hDPSCs and HUVECs.
Asunto(s)
Inductores de la Angiogénesis/farmacología , Pulpa Dental/citología , Pulpa Dental/efectos de los fármacos , Células Endoteliales de la Vena Umbilical Humana/efectos de los fármacos , Neovascularización Fisiológica/efectos de los fármacos , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/farmacología , Adolescente , Adulto , Western Blotting , Recuento de Células , Ensayos de Migración Celular , Proliferación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Proliferación Celular/fisiología , Células Cultivadas , Colágeno , Pulpa Dental/fisiología , Combinación de Medicamentos , Células Endoteliales de la Vena Umbilical Humana/fisiología , Humanos , Laminina , Neovascularización Fisiológica/fisiología , Proteoglicanos , Reacción en Cadena en Tiempo Real de la Polimerasa , Valores de Referencia , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Factores de Tiempo , Factor A de Crecimiento Endotelial Vascular/análisis , Factor A de Crecimiento Endotelial Vascular/efectos de los fármacos , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Adherence is a major factor in the effectiveness of the injectable extended-release naltrexone as a relapse prevention treatment in opioid use disorder. We examined the value of a variant of the Go/No-go paradigm in predicting extended-release naltrexone adherence in 27 detoxified opioid use disorder patients who were offered up to 3 monthly extended-release naltrexone injections. Before extended-release naltrexone, participants performed a Go/No-go task that comprised positively valenced Go trials and negatively valenced No-go trials during a functional magnetic resonance imaging scan. Errors of commission and neural responses to the No-go vs Go trials were independent variables. Adherence, operationalized as the completion of all 3 extended-release naltrexone injections, was the outcome variable. Fewer errors of commission and greater left accumbal response during the No-go vs Go trials predicted better adherence. These findings support the clinical potential of the behavioral and neurophysiological correlates of response inhibition in the prediction of extended-release naltrexone treatment outcomes in opioid use disorder.
Asunto(s)
Cumplimiento de la Medicación , Naltrexona/administración & dosificación , Antagonistas de Narcóticos/administración & dosificación , Núcleo Accumbens/efectos de los fármacos , Trastornos Relacionados con Opioides/tratamiento farmacológico , Desempeño Psicomotor/efectos de los fármacos , Adolescente , Adulto , Preparaciones de Acción Retardada/administración & dosificación , Femenino , Humanos , Inyecciones Intramusculares , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética/métodos , Masculino , Cumplimiento de la Medicación/psicología , Núcleo Accumbens/diagnóstico por imagen , Núcleo Accumbens/fisiología , Trastornos Relacionados con Opioides/diagnóstico por imagen , Trastornos Relacionados con Opioides/psicología , Estimulación Luminosa/métodos , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Desempeño Psicomotor/fisiología , Resultado del Tratamiento , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Abstract We recently demonstrated that a co-culture system of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) could enhance angiogenesis ability in vitro. However, whether tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) could promote blood vessel formation during pulp regeneration remained unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of TNF-α on the formation of endothelial tubules and vascular networks in a co-culture system of hDPSCs and HUVECs. hDPSCs were co-cultured with HUVECs at a ratio of 1:5. The Matrigel assay was performed to detect the total tubule branching lengths and numbers of branches, and the Cell-Counting Kit 8 assay was performed to examine the effect of TNF-α on cell proliferation. Real-time polymerase chain reactions and western blot were used to detect vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA and protein expression. The Matrigel assay showed significantly greater total branching lengths and numbers of branches formed in the experimental groups treated with different concentrations of TNF-α compared with the control group. The decomposition times of the tubule structures were also significantly prolonged (P < 0.05). Treatment with 50 ng/ml TNF-α did not significantly change the proliferation of co-cultured cells, but it significantly increased the VEGF mRNA and protein expression levels (p < 0.05). In addition, the migration abilities of HUVECs and hDPSCs increased after co-culture with TNF-α (p < 0.05). TNF-α enhanced angiogenic ability in vitro in the co-culture system of hDPSCs and HUVECs.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Adolescente , Adulto , Adulto Joven , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/farmacología , Neovascularización Fisiológica/efectos de los fármacos , Pulpa Dental/citología , Pulpa Dental/efectos de los fármacos , Inductores de la Angiogénesis/farmacología , Células Endoteliales de la Vena Umbilical Humana/efectos de los fármacos , Proteoglicanos , Valores de Referencia , Factores de Tiempo , Recuento de Células , Células Cultivadas , Western Blotting , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Colágeno , Laminina , Neovascularización Fisiológica/fisiología , Pulpa Dental/fisiología , Factor A de Crecimiento Endotelial Vascular/análisis , Factor A de Crecimiento Endotelial Vascular/efectos de los fármacos , Proliferación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Proliferación Celular/fisiología , Combinación de Medicamentos , Ensayos de Migración Celular , Células Endoteliales de la Vena Umbilical Humana/fisiología , Reacción en Cadena en Tiempo Real de la PolimerasaRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Warning labels for cigarettes proposed by Food and Drug Administration (FDA) were rejected by the courts partly because they were thought to be emotionally evocative but have no educational value. To address this issue, we compared three types of smoking warnings: (1) FDA-proposed warnings with pictures illustrating the smoking hazards; (2) warnings with the same text information paired with equally aversive but smoking-irrelevant images; and (3) text-only warnings. METHODS: Smokers recruited through Amazon's Mechanical Turk were randomly assigned to one of the three conditions. They reported how many cigarettes they smoked per day (CPD) during the past week and then viewed eight different warnings. After viewing each warning, they rated its believability and perceived ability to motivate quitting. One week later, 62.3% of participants again reported CPD during the past week, rated how the warnings they viewed the week before changed their feeling about smoking, rated their intention to quit in the next 30 days, and recalled as much as they could about each of the warnings they viewed. RESULTS: Compared to the irrelevant image and text-only warnings, FDA warnings were seen as more believable and able to motivate quitting and at the follow-up, produced lower CPD, worse feeling about smoking, and more memory for warning information, controlling for age and baseline CPD. CONCLUSIONS: Emotionally evocative warning images are not effective in communicating the risks of smoking, unless they pertain to smoking-related hazards. In future versions of warning labels, pictorial contents should be pretested for the ability to enhance the health-hazard message. IMPLICATIONS: Our study shows that contrary to court opinions, FDA-proposed pictorial warnings for cigarettes are more effective in communicating smoking-related hazards than warnings that merely contain emotionally aversive but smoking-irrelevant images. The suggestion that FDA's proposed warnings employed emotionally arousing pictures with no information value was not supported. Pictures that illustrate the risk carry information that enhances the persuasiveness of the warning. The congruence between pictures and text should be a criterion for selecting warning images in the future.
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Emociones , Etiquetado de Productos , Cese del Hábito de Fumar , Prevención del Hábito de Fumar , Fumar/psicología , Adulto , Nivel de Alerta , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Distribución Aleatoria , Cese del Hábito de Fumar/psicología , Cese del Hábito de Fumar/estadística & datos numéricosRESUMEN
To observe effect of E2F decoy DNA on proliferation and apoptosis of androgen-independent prostate cancer cell line PC-3M the binding specificity of the E2F decoy DNA to the PC-3M nuclear protein was detected by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). E2F decoy DNA, ARE decoy DNA and Control decoy DNA were respectively transfected into PC-3M cells with lipofectamine.Their influence on cell proliferative activity was detected by MTT assay.The cell apoptotic rate was determined by flow cytometric(FCM) analysis and chromosome DNA ladder was detected by DNA gel electrophoresis.The change of mRNA expression of C-myc and CyclinD1 were detected by RT-PCR.The change of mRNA expression of C-myc and CyclinD1 were detected by Western-blot. EMSA demonstrated specific binding of the E2F decoy to E2F transcription factor.The PC-3M cell growth was inhibited after transfection. The apoptotic rate was 26.35 percent and DNA ladder could be observed after transfection.The expression of C-myc and CyclinD1 were inhibited. All these results indicated that E2F decoy DNA induced apoptosis of androgen-independent prostate cancer cell lines PC-3M and inhibited cell proliferation via inhibiting expression of C-myc and CyclinD1.