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OBJECTIVES: to map the constituent elements of the safe mobility concept present in hospital care for older adults. METHODS: a scoping review of 35 articles searched in databases and gray literature - BDENF/VHL, Scopus, CINAHL/EBSCO, Embase, Web of Science, PEDro, MEDLINE/PubMed and CAPES Theses and Dissertations Catalog. No time or language cut-off was established. RESULTS: none of the studies presented a clear safe mobility concept, however its constituent elements involve factors related to patient (behavioral factors, conditions, diseases, signs and symptoms, nutritional status, age, balance, strength, gait quality, sleep), the institution (environment, treatment devices, guidelines, medications and polypharmacy, material and human resources and clothing/shoes) and the nature of the interventions (related to the patient, institution and family). FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: the constituent elements of safe mobility express hospital units' capacity to guarantee care and protection from fall accidents for hospitalized older adults.
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Accidentes por Caídas , Humanos , Accidentes por Caídas/prevención & control , Accidentes por Caídas/estadística & datos numéricos , Anciano , Hospitalización/estadística & datos numéricos , Atención de Enfermería/métodos , Atención de Enfermería/normas , Seguridad del Paciente/normas , Seguridad del Paciente/estadística & datos numéricos , Anciano de 80 o más AñosRESUMEN
Two 1-day-old full-term female calves from different farms located in the Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul were unable to stand due to paresis of the pelvic limbs. Both calves had spina bifida on the spinal lumbar segment and were submitted to euthanasia due to poor prognosis. Postmortem examination revealed cerebellar herniation, caudal displacement of the brainstem, rostral deviation of the cranial nerves, caudal extension of occipital lobes, absence of dorsal lamina of lumbar vertebrae with exposed spinal cord, myelodysplasia, kyphosis, segmental spinal agenesis, renal fusion, muscular atrophy, and arthrogryposis. Histology highlighted myelodysplasia (syringomyelia and diplomyelia) and muscular atrophy. The reverse transcription-polymerase chain reactions for ruminant pestivirus were negative. Based on these lesions, the diagnosis of complex neural tube and skeletal malformations was made. A review of previous publications on calves diagnosed with these malformations, originally called Chiari or Arnold-Chiari malformations, revealed a wide range of nervous system and skeletal lesions. These variations amplified the uncertainty regarding whether all cases represent the same disorder and reinforced the importance of reconfiguring the terminology.
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Malformación de Arnold-Chiari , Enfermedades de los Bovinos , Animales , Bovinos , Femenino , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/diagnóstico , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/patología , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/congénito , Malformación de Arnold-Chiari/veterinaria , Defectos del Tubo Neural/veterinaria , Defectos del Tubo Neural/diagnóstico , Defectos del Tubo Neural/patología , Animales Recién Nacidos , BrasilRESUMEN
In the fall of 2021, a significant mortality event in free-ranging Southern Lapwing (Vanellus chilensis) occurred on a soccer field in southern Brazil. Approximately 130 adult southern lapwings died after showing weakness and flaccid paralysis, characterized by the inability to move or fly and drooped wings. Due to the large number of animals affected, there was concern that they had been criminally poisoned. The affected birds were found to have ingested maggots in fresh poultry litter incorporated into the grass surface. Postmortem examinations of four southern lapwings revealed no significant gross and histological findings. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) for influenza A virus, flavivirus, and paramyxovirus was negative. Based on the epidemiological and clinical findings and the negative viral results, a presumptive diagnosis of botulism was made. This diagnosis was confirmed through mouse bioassay and seroneutralization, which detected botulinum toxin type C. Maggots loaded with botulinum neurotoxins were the probable vehicle for intoxication in the outbreak. Considering the impact of avian botulism on wild bird populations, our results may help prevent similar outbreaks in the future.
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Enfermedades de las Aves , Botulismo , Charadriiformes , Enfermedades de los Roedores , Ratones , Animales , Botulismo/diagnóstico , Botulismo/epidemiología , Botulismo/veterinaria , Enfermedades de las Aves/epidemiología , Animales Salvajes , Aves , Larva , Brotes de Enfermedades/veterinaria , Enfermedades de los Roedores/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
ABSTRACT Objectives: to map the constituent elements of the safe mobility concept present in hospital care for older adults. Methods: a scoping review of 35 articles searched in databases and gray literature - BDENF/VHL, Scopus, CINAHL/EBSCO, Embase, Web of Science, PEDro, MEDLINE/PubMed and CAPES Theses and Dissertations Catalog. No time or language cut-off was established. Results: none of the studies presented a clear safe mobility concept, however its constituent elements involve factors related to patient (behavioral factors, conditions, diseases, signs and symptoms, nutritional status, age, balance, strength, gait quality, sleep), the institution (environment, treatment devices, guidelines, medications and polypharmacy, material and human resources and clothing/shoes) and the nature of the interventions (related to the patient, institution and family). Final Considerations: the constituent elements of safe mobility express hospital units' capacity to guarantee care and protection from fall accidents for hospitalized older adults.
RESUMEN Objetivos: mapear los elementos constitutivos del concepto de movilidad segura presente en la atención hospitalaria a las personas mayores. Métodos: revisión de alcance de 35 artículos buscados en bases de datos y literatura gris - BDENF/VHL, Scopus, CINAHL/EBSCO, Embase, Web of Science, PEDro, MEDLINE/PubMed y Catálogo CAPES de Tesis y Disertaciones. No se estableció ningún límite de tiempo ni de idioma. Resultados: ninguno de los estudios presentó un concepto claro de movilidad segura, sin embargo sus elementos constitutivos involucran factores relacionados con el paciente (factores de comportamiento, condiciones, enfermedades, signos y síntomas, estado nutricional, edad, equilibrio, fuerza, calidad de la marcha, sueño), la institución (ambiente, dispositivos de tratamiento, pautas, medicamentos y polifarmacia, recursos materiales y humanos y vestimenta/calzado) y la naturaleza de las intervenciones (relacionadas con el paciente, la institución y la familia). Consideraciones Finales: los elementos constitutivos de la movilidad segura expresan la capacidad de las unidades hospitalarias para garantizar la atención y protección contra accidentes por caídas a los ancianos hospitalizados.
RESUMO Objetivos: mapear os elementos constitutivos do conceito de mobilidade segura presentes no cuidado hospitalar a pessoas idosas. Métodos: revisão de escopo de 35 artigos buscados em bases de dados e literatura cinzenta - BDENF/BVS, Scopus, CINAHL/EBSCO, Embase, Web of Science, PEDro, MEDLINE/PubMed e Catálogo de Teses e Dissertações da CAPES. Nenhum recorte temporal e de idioma foi estabelecido. Resultados: nenhum dos estudos apresentou o conceito claro de mobilidade segura, entretanto seus elementos constitutivos envolvem fatores relacionados ao paciente (fatores comportamentais, condições, doenças, sinais e sintomas, estado nutricional, idade, equilíbrio, força, qualidade da marcha, sono), à instituição (ambiente, dispositivos para tratamento, orientações, medicamentos e polifarmácia, recursos materiais e humanos e vestimentas/calçados) e à natureza das intervenções (relacionadas ao paciente, à instituição e à família). Considerações Finais: os elementos constitutivos de mobilidade segura expressam a capacidade das unidades hospitalares em garantir cuidado e proteção de acidentes por quedas a pessoas idosas hospitalizadas.
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Background and Aim: Flemish cattle in Brazil are on the brink of extinction and are found only in one herd in Lages, Santa Catarina State. This study aimed to uncover the reasons for the recurring abortions in the Flemish cattle herd. Materials and Methods: Seventeen Flemish fetuses underwent postmortem examinations, with samples collected for histopathology and microbiology culture tests, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test for Neospora caninum, and reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) test for bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) from 2015 to 2020. Results: Of the 17 fetuses, N. caninum was the most common diagnosis and was found in 88% (15/17). One fetus (5.8%) had a coinfection with N. caninum and Citrobacter amalonaticus, leading to fibrinonecrotic pericarditis. All fetuses tested negative for BVDV by RT-PCR. Of the 107 dams tested by indirect immunofluorescence assay, 26 (25.2%) were anti-N. caninum seropositive, with 17 (65.4%) aborting and 5 (19.2%) having estrus repetition. Reverse transcription-PCR results showed that 9 (8.4%) of the serum samples collected from dams tested positive, which tested follow-up test 3 months later, indicating a BVDV transient infection. The factors that contributed to neosporosis included dogs' access to pastures and improper disposal of fetal remains, which made it easier for dogs to consume them. Conclusion: This study warns the occurrence of N. caninum as a cause of reproductive disorders that can lead to abortion in the studied Flemish cattle herd.
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Pestiviruses are globally distributed and cause substantial economic losses to the cattle industry. In Brazil, the country with the world's largest cattle population, pestivirus infections are well described in some regions, such as in the south, where a high frequency of BVDV-2 is described and contrasts with the high prevalence of HoBi-like pestivirus (HoBiPeV) in the northeast. However, there is a lack of information about pestiviruses in the Amazon Region, in northern Brazil, with a cattle population estimated at 55.7 million head, which has a significant impact on the international livestock market. Therefore, this study investigated the seroprevalence and genetic variability of ruminant pestiviruses in 944 bovine serum samples from four states in northern Brazil: Pará (PA), Amapá (AP), Roraima (RR), and Amazonas (AM). Our results showed that 45.4% of the samples were seropositive (19.8% for BVDV-1, 14.1% for BVDV-2, and 20.9% for HoBiPeV). All samples were tested by RT-qPCR, and three were positive and classified as HoBiPeV in a phylogenetic analysis. These serological and molecular results contrast with those from other regions of the world, suggesting that the northern Brazilian states have a high prevalence of all bovine pestiviruses including HoBiPeV.
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Virus de la Diarrea Viral Bovina Tipo 2 , Virus de la Diarrea Viral Bovina , Pestivirus , Animales , Bovinos , Pestivirus/genética , Brasil/epidemiología , Filogenia , Estudios Seroepidemiológicos , Virus de la Diarrea Viral Bovina/genética , Virus de la Diarrea Viral Bovina Tipo 2/genéticaRESUMEN
Em quais bases se amparam as respostas que justificam a presença de corpos negros serem maioria em situação de rua? E de que forma afetam o acesso aos cuidados em saúde de mulheres, maiorias negras, em situação de rua? Temos por objetivo discutir acerca das expressões da colonialidade no processo de exclusão social no acesso à saúde das mulheres negras em situação de rua, a partir da experiencia profissional no Consultório na Rua. Desse modo, apresentaremos dois desdobramentos da colonialidade, a desumanização do corpo negro e o racismo, práticas que naturalizam o não reconhecimento do corpo feminino, majoritariamente negro nas ruas, enquanto merecedor de atenção e cuidado em saúde.
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Mujeres , Accesibilidad a los Servicios de Salud , Racismo , Marco InterseccionalRESUMEN
Objetivo: Investigar como se dá o direito ao acesso das Mulheres em Situação de rua aos serviços de saúde. Método: Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, de caráter exploratório, tendo sua análise baseada no método hermenêutico dialético. Como instrumentos para a coleta de dados, utilizamos a entrevista estruturada e informal, realizadas em várias ambiências da rua, como calçadas, praças, rotatórias, embaixo de viaduto e em frente igrejas. Resultados: o perfil sociodemográfico, apresenta um total de 29 mulheres encontradas no território, fato que refuta os argumentos dos profissionais da saúde e assistência social que afirmavam ser difícil localizar e identificar as mulheres em situação de rua do território. A raça/cor predominante é a negra (pretas + pardas), com idade entre 30 a 49 anos. Encontramos dois perfis de mulheres em situação de rua: as que não possuem casa e vivem nas ruas ou centros de acolhida e as que residem em ocupações e territórios vulneráveis, estando em situação de rua por um período com filhos e companheiros, utilizando a rua como recurso para subsistência e sobrevivência. Os vínculos familiares fragilizados correspondem o maior motivo para o afastamento familiar, seguido pela violência, abandono, sofrimento mental e uso de álcool e outras drogas. Conclusão: O acesso a saúde recebe um status secundário, pois, estar na rua as coloca em um estado constante de alerta, insegurança física comprometendo a saúde mental. É sobre viver e sobreviver, num ambiente em que o machismo não encontra barreiras e as ações violentas, de submissão e risco da integridade física, sexual, psicológica está instaurada. Apesar de não ter muros, a rua compõe um ambiente hostil, onde é possível sentir quando se cruza uma fronteira determinada por quem está ou não está em situação de rua. O acesso aos serviços de saúde existe e o local de cuidado é a urgência. Identificam as unidades básicas de saúde enquanto espaço de atendimento à saúde da mulher, vacinação e odontologia, porém, não é reconhecido como um serviço de apoio.
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Mujeres , Personas con Mala Vivienda , Accesibilidad a los Servicios de Salud , Violencia , Grupos RacialesRESUMEN
A situação de rua é um fenômeno mundial, que atinge principalmente os grupos minoritários compostos por afro-americanos, hispânicos, índios americanos e nativos. No Brasil esse fenômeno atinge majoritariamente os negros, constatação que nos faz reconhecer que as bases das iniquidades e injustiças sociais que acometem a população em situação de rua têm sus sustentação no racismo estrutural e sua prática no racismo institucional. Ser mulher em situação de rua, implica lidar com o machismo que reflete em todas as dimensões de suas vidas e relações sociais, atuando no controle de seus corpos, repercutindo inclusive na sua mobilidade e direito de ir e vir, incluindo o cuidado efetivo em saúde.
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Mujeres , Personas con Mala Vivienda , Grupos Raciales , Violencia , Accesibilidad a los Servicios de SaludRESUMEN
In the Neotropical region, the white-winged vampire bat (Diaemus youngi) is the rarest of the three species of vampire bats. This bat species feeds preferentially on bird blood, and there is limited information on the viruses infecting D. youngi. Hence, this study aimed to expand the knowledge about the viral diversity associated with D. youngi by sampling and pooling the lungs, liver, kidneys, heart, and intestines of all animals using high-throughput sequencing (HTS) on the Illumina MiSeq platform. A total of three complete and 10 nearly complete circular virus genomes were closely related to gemykrogvirus (Genomoviridae family), smacovirus (Smacoviridae family), and torque teno viruses (TTVs) (Anelloviridae family). In addition, three sequences of bat paramyxovirus were detected and found to be closely related to viruses reported in Pomona roundleaf bats and rodents. The present study provides a snapshot of the viral diversity associated with white-winged vampire bats and provides a baseline for comparison to viruses detected in future outbreaks.
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Quirópteros , Virus , Animales , Virus ADN/genética , ADN Circular/genética , Filogenia , Viroma/genética , Virus/genéticaRESUMEN
The vampire bat (Desmodus rotundus) is a haematophagous animal that feeds exclusively on the blood of domestic mammals. Vampire bat feeding habits enable their contact with mammalian hosts and may enhance zoonotic spillover. Moreover, they may carry several pathogenic organisms, including coronaviruses (CoVs), for which they are important hosts. The human pathogens that cause severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS-CoV) and possibly coronavirus disease 2019 (SARS-CoV-2) all originated in bats but required bridge hosts to spread into human populations. To monitor the presence of potential zoonotic viruses in bats, the present work evaluated the presence of CoVs in vampire bats from southern Brazil. A total of 101 vampire bats were captured and euthanized between 2017 and 2019 in Rio Grande do Sul state, southern Brazil. The brain, heart, liver, lungs, kidneys and intestines were collected and macerated individually. The samples were pooled and submitted to high-throughput sequencing (HTS) using the Illumina MiSeq platform and subsequently individually screened using a pancoronavirus RT-PCR protocol. We detected CoV-related sequences in HTS, but only two (2/101; 1.98%) animals had CoV detected in the intestines by RT-PCR. Partial sequences of RdRp and spike genes were obtained in the same sample and the RdRp region in the other sample. The sequences were classified as belonging to Alphacoronavirus. The sequences were closely related to alphacoronaviruses detected in vampire bats from Peru. The continuous monitoring of bat CoVs may help to map and predict putative future zoonotic agents with great impacts on human health.
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Quirópteros , Coronaviridae , Animales , Brasil/epidemiología , Quirópteros/virología , Coronaviridae/clasificación , Coronaviridae/aislamiento & purificación , Filogenia , ARN Polimerasa Dependiente del ARNRESUMEN
Diante da situação de crise desencadeada pela pandemia de Covid-19, o isolamento social tem sido uma das estratégias de prevenção do contágio. Como a pandemia vem se estendendo por muitos meses, e consequentemente o confinamento das pessoas em suas residências, conflitos no campo das relações familiares são potencializados e geram sofrimento. Tal quadro nos leva a supor o aprofundamento do sofrimento emocional de mulheres que vivem diferentes situações de vulnerabilidade durante a pandemia. Por essa razão, o presente estudo propõe uma revisão narrativa que objetiva refletir sobre cinco experiências de vulnerabilidade que nos parecem emblemáticas do sofrimento da mulher que vive o drama da violência doméstica, da LGBTQI+ fobia, do consumo de álcool e drogas, da gestação, parto e puerpério e, finalmente, do diagnóstico e tratamento de câncer de mama. Realizamos uma reflexão psicanalítica winnicottiana a respeito das falhas ambientais e da experiência de solidão que caracterizam a vivência de mulheres expostas a situações de opressão e/ou medo em sua intersecção com a constante ameaça de contágio pelo novo Coronavírus. Destacamos a necessidade de intervenções psicossociais que estejam afinadas às necessidades das mulheres que se mostraram amplificadas pela atual conjuntura de quarentena e isolamento social.(AU)
In view of the crisis situation triggered by the Covid-19 pandemic, social isolation has been one of the strategies for preventing contagion. As the pandemic has been going on for many months, and consequently the confinement of people in their homes, conflicts in the field of family relationships are potentiated and generate suffering. This situation leads us to suppose the deepening of the emotional suffering of women who experience different situations of vulnerability during the pandemic. For this reason, this study proposes a narrative review that aims to reflect on five experiences of vulnerability that seem to us emblematic of the suffering of women who live the drama of domestic violence, LGBTQI + phobia, alcohol and drug consumption, pregnancy, childbirth and puerperium and, finally, the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer. We carried out a winnicottian psychoanalytic reflection on the environmental flaws and the experience of loneliness that characterize the experience of women exposed to situations of oppression and / or fear at its intersection with the constant threat of contagion by the new Coronavirus. We highlight the need for psychosocial interventions that are in tune with the needs of women who have been amplified by the current situation of quarantine and social isolation.(AU)
Ante la situación de crisis desencadenada por la pandemia Covid-19, el aislamiento social ha sido una de las estrategias para prevenir el contagio. Como la pandemia se viene desarrollando hace muchos meses, y por consiguiente el confinamiento de personas en sus hogares, los conflictos en el ámbito de las relaciones familiares se potencian y generan sufrimiento. Esta situación nos lleva a suponer la profundización del sufrimiento emocional de las mujeres que viven distintas situaciones de vulnerabilidad durante la pandemia. Por ello, este estudio propone una revisión narrativa que tiene como objetivo reflexionar sobre cinco experiencias de vulnerabilidad que nos parecen emblemáticas del sufrimiento de mujeres viviendo el drama de la violencia intrafamiliar, fobia LGBTQI +, consumo de alcohol y drogas, embarazo, parto y puerperio y, finalmente, el diagnóstico y tratamiento del cáncer de mama. Realizamos una reflexión psicoanalítica winnicottiana sobre las fallas ambientales y la experiencia de soledad que caracterizan la vivencia de mujeres expuestas a situaciones de opresión y / o miedo en su intersección con la constante amenaza de contagio por el nuevo Coronavirus. Destacamos la necesidad de intervenciones psicosociales en sintonía con necesidades de mujeres amplificadas por la situación actual de cuarentena y aislamiento social.(AU)
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Aislamiento Social , Consumo de Bebidas Alcohólicas , Salud Mental , Salud de la Mujer , Relaciones Familiares , Distrés Psicológico , Cuarentena , Violencia Doméstica , COVID-19RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Clinical studies related to the obesity pandemic have intensified in recent years, being the animal studies are also considered of great relevance. However, despite the fact that many diets have been reported in the literature to induce obesity in animal models, there is still a gap regarding evidence of the efficacy of these models, considering not only changes in somatic parameters, but also the triggering of comorbidities associated with obesity. In this scenario, the aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of western and cafeteria diets as obesity-inducing protocols, focusing on the evaluation of metabolic, somatic, oxidative, histological and behavioural parameters of Wistar rats. METHODS: The rats were fed a control (CON), western (WTD) or cafeteria (CAF) diet for 16 weeks. RESULTS: The CAF diet caused anxiogenic-like behaviour. Body mass (BMI), Lee and adiposity indices increased in the CAF group. CAF and WTD diets reduced glucose and insulin tolerance, caused dyslipidemia, increased lipid peroxidation and decrease antioxidant capacity in the liver, kidneys and brain. The WTD and CAF groups shows greater IL-6 protein expression in adipose tissue, developed hepatic steatosis and ischaemic neurons, whereas interstitial nephritis was observed only in the CAF group. CONCLUSION: The CAF diet was most effective in inducing obesity, as shown both by the somatic parameters and by the greater number of obesity-related metabolic and neurobehavioural disorders in the evaluated rats.
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Dieta , Enfermedades Metabólicas , Tejido Adiposo , Animales , Obesidad/etiología , Ratas , Ratas WistarRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: There is a lack of questionnaires capable of evaluating the clinical control of Brazilian children and adolescents with asthma over a wide age range. The Pediatric Asthma Control and Communication Instrument (PACCI) has been validated, but only with English- and Spanish-speaking children in the United States. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the psychometric properties of the Brazilian version of the PACCI questionnaire. METHODS: A cross-sectional psychometric study conducted with children and adolescents aged 01 to 19 years with a clinical diagnosis of asthma, and their respective parents/guardians. The following assessments were conducted: socioeconomic status; clinical control using the Childhood Asthma Control Test (c-ACT), Asthma Control Test (ACT); caregiver quality of life using the Pediatric Asthma Caregivers Quality of Life Questionnaire (PACQLQ); and pulmonary function test (spirometry). Validity was evaluated as follows: exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis; Cronbach's alpha analysis (α); floor and ceiling effects; receiver operator characteristic curve analysis. RESULTS: A total of 128 participants were included, most of them male (54.7%). The Brazilian version of PACCI had adequate internal consistency (α = .76) and moderate floor and ceiling effects. The internal structure presented acceptable adjustment indices, considering the extraction of four factors. The factors presented adequate α values. Asthma control factor 1 correlated with c-ACT/ACT and PACQLQ. Control domain scores greater than four points (sum of score) and above 1 point (problem index) were indicative of uncontrolled asthma. CONCLUSION: The Brazilian version of PACCI was able to provide valid and reliable measures in evaluating the clinical control of asthma in Brazilian children and adolescents.
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Asma , Psicometría , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Adolescente , Adulto , Asma/fisiopatología , Brasil , Niño , Preescolar , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Lactante , Recién Nacido , Masculino , Calidad de Vida , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Clase Social , Espirometría , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Adipose tissue is involved in several metabolic changes. This study investigated the association between the fatty acid (FA) composition of subcutaneous (SAT) and visceral (VAT) adipose tissue pre-surgery and the postsurgical response regarding the evolution of weight and concentrations of tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) in adult women who underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB, n = 14) or sleeve gastrectomy (SG, n = 19) at one (T1), three (T3) and six (T6) years after surgery. METHODS: Blood samples were collected to obtain plasma for the measurement of IL-6 and TNF. Anthropometric measurements were performed, collecting samples of VAT and SAT during surgery to assess the FA profiles. RESULTS: Weight loss had a positive correlation with the percentage of VAT-C17:0 (T1, T3) and SAT-C18:2 (T1, T3, T6), and it had a negative correlation with SAT-C22:0 (T1, T3) and VAT-C22:0 (T3). Regarding the inflammatory response, SAT-C14:0 (T6), VAT-C14:0 (T6), SAT-C14:1 (baseline), SAT-C15:0 (T6), SAT-C16:1 (T6), VAT-C16:1 (baseline), SAT-C17:1 (T6), VAT-C17:1 (baseline), VAT-C18:1 (T6), and VAT-C20:1 (T6) exhibited positive correlations with the concentration of IL-6, which were different from the correlations of IL-6 concentrations with SAT-C18:2, VAT-C18:2 (T6), and VAT-C18:3 (T6). The FA SAT-C18:0 (T1) was negatively correlated with TNF concentrations. CONCLUSIONS: Saturated FAs were predominantly proinflammatory, primarily in the late postoperative period. Alternately, the polyunsaturated FAs exhibited anti-inflammatory potential and predicted weight loss. Thus, the FA profile of the adipose tissue of obese adult women may be a predictor of the ponderal and inflammatory response 6 years after bariatric surgery. TRIAL REGISTRATION: This study was approved by the ethics committee of Federal University of Viçosa; Registration n. 17287913.2.0000.5153; Date: 07/05/2013.
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Tejido Adiposo/inmunología , Tejido Adiposo/metabolismo , Cirugía Bariátrica , Grasa Intraabdominal/inmunología , Grasa Intraabdominal/metabolismo , Grasa Subcutánea/inmunología , Grasa Subcutánea/metabolismo , Femenino , Gastrectomía , Humanos , Interleucina-6/metabolismo , Obesidad Mórbida/inmunología , Obesidad Mórbida/metabolismo , Obesidad Mórbida/cirugía , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/metabolismo , Pérdida de PesoRESUMEN
The consumption of food with MUFA has been associated with improvement of inflammation and oxidative stress in overweight individuals. In the present study, we evaluate the effect of high-oleic peanut intake within a hypoenergetic diet on inflammatory and oxidative status markers in overweight men. Sixty-four overweight men (BMI 26-35 kg/m2, 18-50 years old) participated in this randomised controlled study for 4 weeks, allocated into three groups: control (CT, n 22), conventional peanut (CVP, n 21) and high-oleic peanut (HOP, n 21). They followed a hypoenergetic diet (-250 kcal/d; -1045 kJ/d) with or without 56 g of high-oleic or conventional peanuts. After the intervention, the inflammatory markers did not show significant changes in fasting concentrations or postprandial response among the experimental groups (P > 0·05). The activity of oxidative status markers remained unchanged after the intervention. However, in the CT, malondialdehyde showed lower concentration in comparison with the baseline (P = 0·020) and among the groups (P = 0·002). In the present study, the daily intake of high-oleic peanuts within a hypoenergetic diet did not modify the inflammatory markers and oxidative status in overweight men. More studies are needed to better understand the effect of high-oleic peanut intake on health outcomes.
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Arachis/química , Restricción Calórica , Ingestión de Energía , Inflamación/prevención & control , Ácido Oléico/química , Estrés Oxidativo , Adulto , Humanos , Masculino , SobrepesoRESUMEN
Behavioral disorders affect most diabetic patients and Zinc (Zn) has been used among adjuvant therapies for involvement in the etiology of depression and anxiety, however, the results are still controversial. The objective of this study was to compare the antidepressant, anxiolytic and neuroprotective activity of the supplementation of two Zn compounds in an animal model of Diabetes Mellitus type 1 (DM1). Thirty-eight (38) adult rats were randomized into four groups: Control (C; n = 8); Diabetic (D; n = 10); Diabetic Zn Sulfate Supplement (DSZ; n = 10) and Diabetic Zn Gluconate Supplement (DGZ; n = 10). The DSZ group received Zn sulfate supplementation and the DGZ group received Zn gluconate supplementation at a dose of 15 mg/kg for 4 weeks. Data (mean ±SEM) were analyzed by the Mann-Whitney test with a significance level of p < 0.05. The results indicate that Zn gluconate supplementation in diabetic animals presented an antidepressant effect demonstrated through the results obtained in the Forced Swim Test, and neuroprotective effect by attenuating alterations in the cerebral cortex; while Zn sulfate supplementation in diabetic animals showed an anxiolytic effect demonstrated by the results obtained in the open field test and the elevated plus maze test. Considering the set of results, supplementation with both zinc compounds showed neurobehavioral benefits in diabetic animals with different effects depending on the type of anion associated with Zn.
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RESUMO Este artigo objetivou descrever o perfil das Internações por Condições Sensíveis à Atenção Primária (ICSAP) nas 22 Regiões de Saúde do Ceará, através de um estudo quantitativo e transversal sobre as hospitalizações ocorridas entre 2010 e 2014. Houve redução das ICSAP nas regiões, com exceção de duas. Na maioria, a ampliação da cobertura da Estratégia Saúde da Família gerou redução na proporção de ICSAP. Entretanto, é necessário um compromisso mais contundente com relação à sua qualidade, à consolidação do processo de regionalização e ao desenvolvimento de ações intersetoriais que impactem em outros determinantes de saúde.
ABSTRACT This article aimed to describe the profile of Hospitalizations due to Conditions Sensitive to Primary Care (ICSAP) in the 22 Health Regions of Ceará, through a quantitative and cross-sectional study on hospitalizations between 2010 and 2014. There was a reduction of ICSAP in the regions, except for two. In the majority, the expansion of the coverage of the Family Health Strategy has generated a reduction in the proportion of ICSAP. However, a overwhelming commitment to quality is required, to the consolidation of the regionalization process and to the development of intersectoral actions that impact on other health determinants.
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Este ensaio fotográfico foi realizado a partir da pesquisa "Microcefalia, deficiência e cuidados: um estudo antropológico sobre os impactos da síndrome congênita do vírus Zika no estado de Pernambuco". A narrativa visual busca problematizar a saúde de mulheres, mães de bebês com síndrome congênita - um desdobramento do Zika vírus -, considerando a rotina intensa, solitária e cansativa dessas mulheres.(AU)
This photographic essay was based on the research "Microcephaly, disability and care: an anthropological study on the impacts of congenital syndrome of the Zika virus in the state of Pernambuco". The visual narrative seeks to reflect about the health of women, mothers of babies with congenital syndrome - an unfolding of the Zika virus -, considering the intense, solitary and exhaustive routine of these women.(AU)
El presente ensayo fotográfico se dio a partir de la investigación "Microcefalia, discapacidad y cuidados: un estudio antropológico sobre los impactos del síndrome congénito del virus Zika en el estado de Pernambuco". La narrativa visual busca problematizar la salud de mujeres, madres de bebés con síndrome congénito - un desdoblamiento del Zika virus -, considerando la rutina intensa, solitaria y agotadora de esas mujeres.(AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Femenino , Adulto , Salud Mental , Virus Zika , Antropología , MicrocefaliaRESUMEN
This study assessed the effects of supplementation with honey from Mimosa quadrivalvis L. (malícia) (MH) produced by jandaíra stingless bees (Melipona subnitida D.) on the lipid metabolism, antioxidant status and some intestinal health parameters of rats with diet-induced dyslipidaemia. Rats were randomly divided into four groups: healthy control (HC), dyslipidaemic control (DC), healthy experimental (EHH) and dyslipidaemic experimental (EDH). Malícia honey (MH) was administered (1000 mL kg-1) via orogastric feeding for 35 days. Dyslipidaemic rats supplemented with MH showed lower food consumption, increased glucose tolerance and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and decreased total cholesterol, LDL and AST blood levels. Counts of Bifidobacterium spp. and Lactobacillus spp. and excretion of organic acids in faeces increased in dyslipidaemic rats supplemented with MH. MH supplementation protected the colon and liver from tissue damage induced by the dyslipidaemic diet. These results show the beneficial effects of MH on the lipid metabolism, antioxidant status and intestinal health of rats with diet-induced dyslipidaemia.