RESUMEN
ABSTRACT Objective: To systematically review the literature in search of the most suitable and effective nutritional interventions and indications for the nutritional treatment of children and adolescents with cerebral palsy (CP). Data source: This review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The articles were selected from seven databases (Cochrane, Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde — Lilacs, Embase, United States National Library of Medicine — PubMed, Scientific Electronic Library Online — SciELO, Scopus, and Web of Science). Studies from a pediatric group (0 to 18 years old) diagnosed with CP were included and the search strategy included the descriptors: "children" OR "childhood" AND "nutritional therapy" OR "nutritional intervention" OR "nutrition" OR "nutritional support" OR "diet" AND "cerebral palsy" OR "cerebral injury". Methodological quality was assessed using the checklist for cross-sectional analytical studies, the Newcastle-Ottawa scale or the Cochrane Collaboration tool for clinical trials. Data synthesis: Fifteen studies (n=658) published from 1990 to 2020 met the inclusion criteria. All of them had a low risk of bias. The data showed that children and adolescents with CP have worse nutritional status than those normally developed. Those who received hypercaloric and hyperprotein nutritional supplementation benefited from its use. Studies indicate that enteral nutrition should be considered when nutritional needs are not met by the oral diet, especially in cases where oral motor functions are impaired. In addition, there was a direct relationship between the consistency of food, the level of motor function and nutritional status. Conclusions: Children and adolescents with CP have a greater risk of malnutrition. The use of nutritional supplementation may help with weight gain. In addition, enteral nutrition and modification of food texture have been used to improve the nutritional status of this group.
RESUMO Objetivo: Revisar sistematicamente a literatura em busca das intervenções e indicações nutricionais mais adequadas e eficazes para o tratamento nutricional de crianças e adolescentes com paralisia cerebral (PC). Fontes de dados: Esta revisão foi conduzida de acordo com as diretrizes Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses — PRISMA. Os artigos foram selecionados em sete bases de dados (Cochrane, Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde — Lilacs, Embase, United States National Library of Medicine — PubMed, Scientific Electronic Library Online — SciELO, Scopus, and Web of Science). Foram incluídos estudos de um grupo pediátrico (zero a 18 anos) com diagnóstico de PC e a estratégia de busca incluiu os descritores: "children" OR "childhood" AND "nutritional therapy" OR "nutritional intervention" OR "nutrition" OR "nutritional support" OR "diet" AND "cerebral palsy" OR "cerebral injury". A qualidade metodológica foi avaliada utilizando a lista de verificação para estudos transversais analíticos, escala Newcastle-Ottawa ou ferramenta da Cochrane Collaboration, para ensaios clínicos. Síntese dos dados: Quinze estudos (n=658) publicados de 1990 a 2020 preencheram os critérios de inclusão. Todos tiveram baixo risco de viés. Os dados mostraram que crianças e adolescentes com PC apresentam pior estado nutricional do que os normalmente desenvolvidos. Aqueles que receberam suplementação nutricional hipercalórica e hiperproteica beneficiaram-se de seu uso. Estudos demonstram que a nutrição enteral deve ser considerada quando as necessidades nutricionais não são supridas pela dieta oral, principalmente nos casos em que as funções oromotoras estão prejudicadas. Além disso, houve relação direta entre a consistência dos alimentos, o nível de função motora e o estado nutricional. Conclusões: Crianças e adolescentes com PC têm maior risco de desnutrição. O uso de suplementação nutricional pode auxiliar no ganho de peso desses pacientes. Além disso, a nutrição enteral e a modificação da textura dos alimentos têm sido artifícios utilizados para a melhora do estado nutricional neste grupo.
RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To systematically review the literature in search of the most suitable and effective nutritional interventions and indications for the nutritional treatment of children and adolescents with cerebral palsy (CP). DATA SOURCE: This review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The articles were selected from seven databases (Cochrane, Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde - Lilacs, Embase, United States National Library of Medicine - PubMed, Scientific Electronic Library Online - SciELO, Scopus, and Web of Science). Studies from a pediatric group (0 to 18 years old) diagnosed with CP were included and the search strategy included the descriptors: "children" OR "childhood" AND "nutritional therapy" OR "nutritional intervention" OR "nutrition" OR "nutritional support" OR "diet" AND "cerebral palsy" OR "cerebral injury". Methodological quality was assessed using the checklist for cross-sectional analytical studies, the Newcastle-Ottawa scale or the Cochrane Collaboration tool for clinical trials. DATA SYNTHESIS: Fifteen studies (n=658) published from 1990 to 2020 met the inclusion criteria. All of them had a low risk of bias. The data showed that children and adolescents with CP have worse nutritional status than those normally developed. Those who received hypercaloric and hyperprotein nutritional supplementation benefited from its use. Studies indicate that enteral nutrition should be considered when nutritional needs are not met by the oral diet, especially in cases where oral motor functions are impaired. In addition, there was a direct relationship between the consistency of food, the level of motor function and nutritional status. CONCLUSIONS: Children and adolescents with CP have a greater risk of malnutrition. The use of nutritional supplementation may help with weight gain. In addition, enteral nutrition and modification of food texture have been used to improve the nutritional status of this group.
Asunto(s)
Nutrición Enteral , Apoyo Nutricional , Estados Unidos , Niño , Humanos , Adolescente , Recién Nacido , Lactante , Preescolar , Estudios Transversales , Suplementos Dietéticos , ParálisisRESUMEN
ABSTRACT Objective: To systematically review the literature in search of the most suitable and effective nutritional interventions and indications for the nutritional treatment of children and adolescents with cerebral palsy (CP). Data source: This review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The articles were selected from seven databases (Cochrane, Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde — Lilacs, Embase, United States National Library of Medicine — PubMed, Scientific Electronic Library Online — SciELO, Scopus, and Web of Science). Studies from a pediatric group (0 to 18 years old) diagnosed with CP were included and the search strategy included the descriptors: "children" OR "childhood" AND "nutritional therapy" OR "nutritional intervention" OR "nutrition" OR "nutritional support" OR "diet" AND "cerebral palsy" OR "cerebral injury". Methodological quality was assessed using the checklist for cross-sectional analytical studies, the Newcastle-Ottawa scale or the Cochrane Collaboration tool for clinical trials. Data synthesis: Fifteen studies (n=658) published from 1990 to 2020 met the inclusion criteria. All of them had a low risk of bias. The data showed that children and adolescents with CP have worse nutritional status than those normally developed. Those who received hypercaloric and hyperprotein nutritional supplementation benefited from its use. Studies indicate that enteral nutrition should be considered when nutritional needs are not met by the oral diet, especially in cases where oral motor functions are impaired. In addition, there was a direct relationship between the consistency of food, the level of motor function and nutritional status. Conclusions: Children and adolescents with CP have a greater risk of malnutrition. The use of nutritional supplementation may help with weight gain. In addition, enteral nutrition and modification of food texture have been used to improve the nutritional status of this group.
RESUMO Objetivo: Revisar sistematicamente a literatura em busca das intervenções e indicações nutricionais mais adequadas e eficazes para o tratamento nutricional de crianças e adolescentes com paralisia cerebral (PC). Fontes de dados: Esta revisão foi conduzida de acordo com as diretrizes Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses — PRISMA. Os artigos foram selecionados em sete bases de dados (Cochrane, Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde — Lilacs, Embase, United States National Library of Medicine — PubMed, Scientific Electronic Library Online — SciELO, Scopus, and Web of Science). Foram incluídos estudos de um grupo pediátrico (zero a 18 anos) com diagnóstico de PC e a estratégia de busca incluiu os descritores: "children" OR "childhood" AND "nutritional therapy" OR "nutritional intervention" OR "nutrition" OR "nutritional support" OR "diet" AND "cerebral palsy" OR "cerebral injury". A qualidade metodológica foi avaliada utilizando a lista de verificação para estudos transversais analíticos, escala Newcastle-Ottawa ou ferramenta da Cochrane Collaboration, para ensaios clínicos. Síntese dos dados: Quinze estudos (n=658) publicados de 1990 a 2020 preencheram os critérios de inclusão. Todos tiveram baixo risco de viés. Os dados mostraram que crianças e adolescentes com PC apresentam pior estado nutricional do que os normalmente desenvolvidos. Aqueles que receberam suplementação nutricional hipercalórica e hiperproteica beneficiaram-se de seu uso. Estudos demonstram que a nutrição enteral deve ser considerada quando as necessidades nutricionais não são supridas pela dieta oral, principalmente nos casos em que as funções oromotoras estão prejudicadas. Além disso, houve relação direta entre a consistência dos alimentos, o nível de função motora e o estado nutricional. Conclusões: Crianças e adolescentes com PC têm maior risco de desnutrição. O uso de suplementação nutricional pode auxiliar no ganho de peso desses pacientes. Além disso, a nutrição enteral e a modificação da textura dos alimentos têm sido artifícios utilizados para a melhora do estado nutricional neste grupo.
RESUMEN
ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the association between neck circumference and anthropometric, clinical, and biochemical parameters in chronic kidney failure patients on hemodialysis. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis in Western Bahia. For the data collection, anthropometric measures were taken and clinical and biochemical data were gathered from the patient records and employing a structured questionnaire. A multiple linear regression was applied to evaluate the relationship between neck circumference and the anthropometric, clinical, and biochemical parameters. Results: A total of 119 patients were evaluated, of which 63.03% were men and 57.98% were aged between 35 and 59 years old. The mean neck circumference of the patients was 36.2±3.8 cm. A negative association was found between neck circumference and the female sex (p<0.001), while waist circumference (p<0.001), the body adiposity index (p=0.002), and pre-dialysis serum urea concentration (p=0.006) were positively associated with neck circumference. Conclusion: Neck circumference is inversely associated with the female sex and positively associated with a high waist circumference, body adiposity index, and serum urea concentration in patients with chronic kidney disease on hemodialysis.
RESUMO Objetivo: Investigar a associação entre circunferência do pescoço e parâmetros antropométricos, clínicos e bioquímicos em pacientes renais crônico sem hemodiálise. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal com pacientes com doença renal crônica em hemodiálise no Oeste da Bahia. Para a coleta de dados foram aferidas medidas antropométricas e dados clínicos e bioquímicos foram coletados dos prontuários dos pacientes e por meio de um questionário estruturado. A análise de regressão linear múltipla foi aplicada para avaliar a relação entre a circunferência do pescoço e os parâmetros antropométricos, clínicos e bioquímicos. Resultados: Foram avaliados 119 pacientes, sendo 63,03% homens e 57,98% com idade entre 35 e 59 anos. A média da circunferência do pescoço dos pacientes foi de 36,2±3,8 cm. Foi encontrada associação negativa entre a circunferência do pescoço e sexo feminino (p<0,001), enquanto a circunferência da cintura (p<0,001), o índice de adiposidade corporal (p=0,002) e a concentração sérica de ureia pré-diálise (p=0,006) foram positivamente associados à circunferência do pescoço. Conclusão: A circunferência do pescoço está inversamente associada ao sexo feminino e positivamente associada a uma circunferência abdominal elevada, índice de adiposidade corporal e concentração sérica de ureia em pacientes com doença renal crônica em hemodiálise.