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CXCR4, CCR7 and CCR10 chemokine receptors are known to be involved in melanoma metastasis. Our goal was to compare the relative intratumoral mRNA expression of these receptors with that of their corresponding chemokine ligands, CXCL12, CCL19, CCL21, and CCL27 across the full spectrum of human melanoma progression: thin and thick primary melanomas, as well as "in transit", lymph node, and distant metastases. Expression was quantified by real-time RT-PCR in 103 melanoma samples: 51 primary tumors and 52 metastases. Particular emphasis was focused on chemokine ligand-receptor expression ratios. Immunohistochemistry was performed to identify the cell types expressing these molecules. CXCL12-CXCR4 and CCL27-CCR10 ratios were higher in thin than in thick primary melanomas, and all four chemokine-receptor ratios were higher in primary tumors than in melanoma metastases. CCL27-CCR10 and CXCL12-CXCR4 expression ratios in primary tumors were inversely associated with the development of distant metastases, and improved the predictive value of tumor thickness for distant metastasis, which is important since chemokine ligand-receptor ratios are not affected by the endogenous gene employed for normalizing mRNA expression. Both receptor and ligand immunolabeling were detected in neoplastic cells suggesting autocrine mechanisms. Our results support the concept that low CCL27/CCR10 and CXCL12/CXCR4 intratumoral mRNA ratios are associated with melanoma progression, and in combination with Breslow thickness, are the best predictive factors for the development of distant metastases in primary cutaneous melanoma.

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Almost one-third of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) develop skin lesions. Cutaneous disorders associated with IBD may be divided into 5 groups based on the nature of the association: specific manifestations (orofacial and metastatic IBD), reactive disorders (erythema nodosum, pyoderma gangrenosum, pyodermatitis-pyostomatitis vegetans, Sweet's syndrome and cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa), miscellaneous (epidermolysis bullosa acquisita, bullous pemphigoid, linear IgA bullous disease, squamous cell carcinoma-Bowen's disease, hidradenitis suppurativa, secondary amyloidosis and psoriasis), manifestations secondary to malnutrition and malabsorption (zinc, vitamins and iron deficiency), and manifestations secondary to drug therapy (salicylates, immunosupressors, biological agents, antibiotics and steroids). Treatment should be individualized and directed to treating the underlying IBD as well as the specific dermatologic condition. The aim of this review includes the description of clinical manifestations, course, work-up and, most importantly, management of these disorders, providing an assessment of the literature on the topic.

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Unusually prolonged pressure on the scalp by the cervical os during or before the delivery may result in a distinctive pattern of annular alopecia that has been referred to as halo scalp ring. This rare form of hair loss is most commonly a temporary, non-scarring process that is attributed to caput succedaneum. We report a new case of halo scalp ring in a premature newborn. Review of previously reported cases suggests that prematurity is an important, previously unrecognized, risk factor for developing a halo scalp ring.

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A 13-month-old girl presented a reticulated eruption of 2 months duration located on her buttocks. Histologically, a mononuclear cell inflammatory infiltration was found within and around the eccrine sweat glands, with epithelial cell damage. The lesions were related to several traumatic mechanisms involving the buttocks, such as crawling and repeated trauma with a bathmat carpet.

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Desmoplastic hairless hypopigmented nevus is an extremely rare sclerotic, alopecic, and progressively hypopigmented giant congenital melanocytic nevus, which is histologically characterized by an intense desmoplasia. A significant trend toward spontaneous involution has been described. We report a case of desmoplastic hairless hypopigmented nevus that underwent a progressive depigmentation associated with loss of its woody consistency. The loss of induration appears to be the main marker for the complete regression of these nevi.

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Milium en placa es una forma infrecuente de milium primario. Presentamos el caso de una mujer de 63 años que acudió por presentar numerosos quistes de milium sobre una placa eritematosa en las caras internas de ambos párpados superiores. El estudio histopatológico reveló la existencia de múltiples quistes rellenos de queratina, así como un infiltrado linfocitario periquístico, hallazgos complatibles con milium en placa. Las lesiones fueron tratadas inicialmente mediante expresión manual de los quistes de milium, con buena respuesta

Milia en plaque is an unusual variety of primary milia. We report a 63-year-old woman who presented with numerous milia within a symmetrical erythematous plaque on the medial aspects of the upper eyelids. Histopathological study revealed multiple keratin-fi lled cysts, as well as a pericystic lymphocytic infi ltrate, fi ndings consistent with milia en plaque. The lesions were initially treated with manual expression of the milia, with a good response

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El angioma sudoríparo consiste en una rara proliferación vascular benigna que comparte una estrecha correlación clinicopatológica con el hamartoma angiomatoso ecrino y con algunas malformaciones vasculares. Histológicamente se caracteriza por la proliferación de vasos de gran calibre y dilatación de las estructuras ecrinas. Presentamos un nuevo caso de esta entidad localizado en la palma de la mano de un varón de 13 años

Sudoriparous angioma is a rare benign vascular proliferation which shares several clinico-pathologic features with both eccrine angiomatous hamartoma and some vascular malformations. Histologically, a proliferation of large vessels with adjacent dilated non-proliferative sweat ducts is found. We report a new case of this entity, located on the hand, in a 13-year-old male

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La henna es una planta con propiedades colorantes que se usa, en ocasiones, mezclada con otras sustancias, como tinte para el pelo y el cuerpo. La parafenilendiamina (PPD) es uno de los aditivos que se emplea para acelerar el secado, mejorar la definición, y oscurecer su color rojizo. Existen varias descripciones en la literatura médica de sensibilización a PPD contenida en henna. Describimos 3 nuevos casos de dermatitis de contacto alérgica a tatuajes transitorios, con pruebas epicutáneas positivas para PPD en dos de ellos. En uno de los pacientes las lesiones se resolvieron dejando una hipopigmentación persistente. Es importante que la población conozca esta circunstancia y el riesgo que conlleva sensibilizarse a la PPD

Henna is a plant with coloring properties which is used as a dye for hair and skin, on occasion mixed with other substances. Paraphenylendiamine (PPD) is one of the additives used to accelerate drying, improve definition and darken its reddish color. There are several descriptions in literature of sensitization to the PPD contained in henna. We describe 3 new cases of allergic contact dermatitis to temporary tattoos, with skin tests positive for PPD in 2 of them. The lesions resolved in one of the patients, leaving persistent hypopigmentation. It is important for the population to be aware of this circumstance and the risk entailed by sensitization to PPD

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