RESUMEN
The present study sought to evaluate the antimicrobial and anti-adherent potential of Eucalyptus radiata essential oil against food-borne strains of Escherichia coli. The study was performed using the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC). In addition, the disk diffusion technique was used to evaluate the association of Eucalyptus radiata essential oil with synthetic antimicrobials. The Minimum Inhibitory Adherence Concentration (MIC) was also performed. The results revealed that E. radiata showed antimicrobial activity against the E. coli strains tested, with MIC values ranging from 500 µg/mL to 1000 µg/mL and MBC values ranging from 500 µg/mL to 1,024 µg/mL. As for the associations, it was observed that E. radiata oil exhibited a synergistic effect for some antibiotics, especially Ceftriaxone, with greater interference from the essential oil. Furthermore, it was effective in inhibiting the adherence of bacterial strains of E. coli, showing a more significant antibiofilm effect than the antibacterial agent 0.12% chlorhexidine digluconate. In summary, the essential oil of E. radiata showed antimicrobial potential against strains of E. coli of food origin, and can therefore, through in-depth studies, be used alone or in association with synthetic antimicrobials to combat infections caused by this pathogen.
Asunto(s)
Eucalyptus , Productos de la Carne , Aceites Volátiles , Escherichia coli , Aceites Volátiles/farmacología , Antibacterianos/farmacologíaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The role of abdominal fat and body fat (BF) in the evaluation of nutritional status in asthma has been considered recently. The present study aimed to evaluate the association between different anthropometric markers and asthma control, pulmonary function and quality of life. A secondary objective was to determine the agreement between the anthropometric markers with respect to assessing obesity in adults with asthma. METHODS: This cross-sectional study enrolled adult asthma patients attending an outpatient asthma clinic in southern Brazil. Patients were evaluated regarding sociodemographic data, lung function, asthma control, nutritional status and health-related quality of life (Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire; AQLQ). Nutritional status was classified by body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and BF. RESULTS: The mean (SD) age of the 198 patients was 56.2 (14.8) years. The prevalence of uncontrolled asthma among subjects who were overweight as diagnosed by their BMI was 64.6% higher than in those who were normal weight. An increase in a measure of BMI (1 kg m-2 ) decreases approximately 44-59% of symptoms, activity limitations and emotional function domains of the AQLQ, whereas an increase in a measure in WC (1 cm) decreases approximately 24-30% of the same domains. Agreement between BMI and BF was 0.566 and that between BMI and WC was 0.597 by Kendall's Tau-b test. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of uncontrolled asthma is greater in overweight subjects than in normal weight subjects. WC and BMI were negatively associated with symptoms, activity limitations and emotional function domains of the AQLQ. BMI appears to be sufficient to diagnose the nutritional status of subjects with asthma in this population.
Asunto(s)
Antropometría , Asma/epidemiología , Asma/fisiopatología , Obesidad/complicaciones , Sobrepeso/complicaciones , Tejido Adiposo , Adulto , Anciano , Asma/complicaciones , Índice de Masa Corporal , Brasil , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Pulmón/fisiopatología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estado Nutricional , Obesidad/epidemiología , Obesidad/fisiopatología , Sobrepeso/epidemiología , Sobrepeso/fisiopatología , Prevalencia , Calidad de Vida , Pruebas de Función Respiratoria , Circunferencia de la CinturaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: This multicenter randomized controlled clinical trial aimed to compare the outcomes of stepwise excavation (SW) and partial caries removal (PCR) regarding the maintenance of pulp vitality in deep caries lesions over 5 years. METHODS: At baseline, 299 permanent molars with deep caries lesions were randomly assigned to control or test groups. The control group received the stepwise excavation treatment (SW), while the test group received partial caries removal from the pulpal wall followed by restoration in a single session (PCR). Treatments were conducted in two centers located in the cities of Porto Alegre (South Brazil) and Brasília (Midwest Brazil). Survival analysis was performed to compare PCR and SW over time (Weibull regression models). The primary outcome of this study was pulp vitality, determined by the combination of the following characteristics: positive response to cold test, negative response to percussion, absence of spontaneous pain, and absence of periapical lesion (radiographic examination). RESULTS: This 5-year study includes data pertaining to 229 teeth: 121 teeth actually examined at the 5-year appointment, and 108 teeth contributed with data collected in previous follow-ups (18 months or 3 years). Survival analysis showed success rates of 80% in PCR group and 56% in SW group (p < 0.001). Failure was significantly associated with treatment [PCR, HR=0.38; 95%CI=0.23-0.63)] and region [South, HR=2.22; 95%CI=1.21-4.08]. CONCLUSION: PCR significantly reduced the occurrence of pulp necrosis when compared with SW. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: This study supports the PCR as a single-visit technique to manage deep caries lesions in permanent teeth.
Asunto(s)
Caries Dental/terapia , Necrosis de la Pulpa Dental/prevención & control , Restauración Dental Permanente/métodos , Adolescente , Adulto , Dentición Permanente , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Diente Molar , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
The aim of the present study was to isolate Clostridium perfringens and C. difficile in crab-eating fox (Cerdocyon thous) from Northeastern Brazil. Stool samples of 18 captive crab-eating foxes from four states of Northeastern Brazil (Alagoas, Bahia, Paraíba e Pernambuco) were collected and subjected to C. perfringens and C. difficile isolation. Suggestive colonies of C. perfringens were then analyzed for genes encoding the major C. perfringens toxins (alpha, beta, epsilon and iota), beta-2 toxin (cpb2), enterotoxin (cpe), and NetB- (netB) and NetF- (netF) encoding genes. C. difficile strains were analyzed by multiplex-PCR for a housekeeping gene (tpi), toxins A (tcdA) and B (tcdB) and a binary toxin gene (cdtB). Unthawed aliquots of stool samples positive for toxigenic C. difficile were subjected to a commercial ELISA to evaluate the presence of A/B toxins. Clostridium perfringens (type A) was isolated from five (27%) samples, and only one sample was positive for beta-2 enconding gene (cpb2). Two (11%) stool samples were positive for C. difficile, but negative for A/B toxins. These two wild canids were also positive for C. perfringens type A. This is the first report of C. difficile in crab-eating fox.(AU)
O objetivo deste estudo foi isolar Clostridium perfringens e C. difficile em cachorro-do-mato (Cerdocyon thous) da região Nordeste do Brasil. Amostras de fezes de 18 cachorros-do-mato mantidos em cativeiro e oriundos de quatro estados da região Nordeste do Brasil (Alagoas, Bahia, Paraíba e Pernambuco) foram coletadas e submetidas a isolamento de C. perfringens e C. difficile. As colônias sugestivas de C. perfringens foram analisadas para os genes que codificam as principais toxinas de C. perfringens (alfa, beta, épsilon e iota), toxina beta-2 (cpb2), enterotoxina (cpe) e NetB- (netB) e NetF- (netF). As cepas de C. difficile foram analisadas por PCR-multiplex para o gene tpi, toxinas A (tcdA) e B (tcdB) e um gene de toxina binária (cdtB). Alíquotas de amostras de fezes positivas para C. difficile toxigênico foram submetidas a um ELISA comercial para avaliar a presença de toxinas A/B. Clostridium perfringens (tipo A) foi isolado de cinco (27%) amostras, e apenas uma amostra foi positiva para o gene da toxina beta-2 (cpb2). Duas (11%) amostras de fezes foram positivas para C. difficile, mas negativas para toxinas A/B. Estes dois canídeos silvestres também foram positivos para C. perfringens tipo A. Este é o primeiro relato de C. difficile em cachorro-do-mato.(AU)
Asunto(s)
Animales , Clostridioides difficile/aislamiento & purificación , Clostridium perfringens/aislamiento & purificación , Diarrea/veterinariaRESUMEN
The aim of the present study was to isolate Clostridium perfringens and C. difficile in crab-eating fox (Cerdocyon thous) from Northeastern Brazil. Stool samples of 18 captive crab-eating foxes from four states of Northeastern Brazil (Alagoas, Bahia, Paraíba e Pernambuco) were collected and subjected to C. perfringens and C. difficile isolation. Suggestive colonies of C. perfringens were then analyzed for genes encoding the major C. perfringens toxins (alpha, beta, epsilon and iota), beta-2 toxin (cpb2), enterotoxin (cpe), and NetB- (netB) and NetF- (netF) encoding genes. C. difficile strains were analyzed by multiplex-PCR for a housekeeping gene (tpi), toxins A (tcdA) and B (tcdB) and a binary toxin gene (cdtB). Unthawed aliquots of stool samples positive for toxigenic C. difficile were subjected to a commercial ELISA to evaluate the presence of A/B toxins. Clostridium perfringens (type A) was isolated from five (27%) samples, and only one sample was positive for beta-2 enconding gene (cpb2). Two (11%) stool samples were positive for C. difficile, but negative for A/B toxins. These two wild canids were also positive for C. perfringens type A. This is the first report of C. difficile in crab-eating fox.(AU)
O objetivo deste estudo foi isolar Clostridium perfringens e C. difficile em cachorro-do-mato (Cerdocyon thous) da região Nordeste do Brasil. Amostras de fezes de 18 cachorros-do-mato mantidos em cativeiro e oriundos de quatro estados da região Nordeste do Brasil (Alagoas, Bahia, Paraíba e Pernambuco) foram coletadas e submetidas a isolamento de C. perfringens e C. difficile. As colônias sugestivas de C. perfringens foram analisadas para os genes que codificam as principais toxinas de C. perfringens (alfa, beta, épsilon e iota), toxina beta-2 (cpb2), enterotoxina (cpe) e NetB- (netB) e NetF- (netF). As cepas de C. difficile foram analisadas por PCR-multiplex para o gene tpi, toxinas A (tcdA) e B (tcdB) e um gene de toxina binária (cdtB). Alíquotas de amostras de fezes positivas para C. difficile toxigênico foram submetidas a um ELISA comercial para avaliar a presença de toxinas A/B. Clostridium perfringens (tipo A) foi isolado de cinco (27%) amostras, e apenas uma amostra foi positiva para o gene da toxina beta-2 (cpb2). Duas (11%) amostras de fezes foram positivas para C. difficile, mas negativas para toxinas A/B. Estes dois canídeos silvestres também foram positivos para C. perfringens tipo A. Este é o primeiro relato de C. difficile em cachorro-do-mato.(AU)
Asunto(s)
Animales , Clostridioides difficile/aislamiento & purificación , Clostridium perfringens/aislamiento & purificación , Diarrea/veterinariaRESUMEN
Toxoplasma gondii isolates from Brazil have a different phenotypic and genotypic pattern, with predominance of virulent isolates and recombinant genotypes, compared to the North Hemisphere. Considering that a new T. gondii genotype, non-pathogenic to mice, was previously identified from free-range chickens from the Fernando de Noronha Island, Brazil, this study aimed to identify genotypes of this parasite in tissue samples of feral cats (Felis catus) from this Brazilian Island. Anti-T. gondii IgG antibodies were detected in 18/31 (58%) feral cats. Two non-virulent T. gondii isolates were obtained by mouse bioassay. Genotyping was performed by PCR-RFLP using 10 genetic markers (SAG1, SAG2, SAG3, BTUB, GRA6, c22-8, c29-2, PK1, L358 and Apico) and an atypical strain of T. gondii (ToxoDB #146) was identified. This is the first report of this genotype in feral cats.
Asunto(s)
Toxoplasma/genética , Toxoplasma/patogenicidad , Toxoplasmosis Animal/parasitología , Animales , Anticuerpos Antiprotozoarios/sangre , Brasil , Gatos , ADN Protozoario/genética , Marcadores Genéticos/genética , Genotipo , Islas , Ratones , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , Polimorfismo de Longitud del Fragmento de Restricción , Toxoplasma/aislamiento & purificación , Virulencia/genéticaRESUMEN
Objetivou-se com este estudo investigar a ocorrência de Mycoplasma spp., Mycoplasma galissepticum (MG) e Mycoplasma synoviae (MS) em psitacídeos de cativeiro localizado no estado de Pernambuco, Brasil. Foram estudadas 85 aves provenientes do Parque Estadual Dois Irmãos, localizado no estado do Pernambuco, Brasil. De cada psitacídeo analisado foram obtidas três amostras por meio de swabs da cloaca, palato e conjuntiva totalizando 255 amostras. As amostras coletadas foram submetidas à extração de DNA e à reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR), sendo as positivas submetidas ao isolamento em ágar Frey. O DNA de Mycoplasma spp. foi detectado em 16,47% (14/85) dos psitacídeos estudados. Das 255 amostras analisadas, 6,66% (17/255) foram positivas para a presença de Mycoplasma spp., sendo 41,18% (7/17) provenientes da conjuntiva, 35,29% (6/17) do palato e 23,53% (4/17) da cloaca. Nenhuma amostra foi positiva para MG ou MS na PCR. Os resultados obtidos permitem confirmar a presença do DNA de Mycoplasma spp. em conjuntiva, palato e cloaca nas aves estudadas. Foram detectadas colônias semelhantes a membros da classe Mollicutes em 17,64% das amostras (3/17). Esse é o primeiro relato da presença de Mycoplasma spp. em psitacídeos de cativeiro no Nordeste do Brasil.
The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of Mycoplasma spp., Mycoplasma galissepticum (MG) and Mycoplasma synoviae (MS) in captive psittacines. Eighty-five wild birds from Parque Estadual Dois Irmãos, Pernambuco state, northeastern Brazil, were used. From each psittacid analyzed three samples were obtained through cloaca, palate and conjunctiva swabs, totaling 255 samples. Samples collected were submitted to DNA extraction and Polimerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Mycoplasma spp. DNA was detected in 16.47% (14/85) of psittacines studied. From 255 samples, 6.66% (17/255) were positive for Mycoplasma spp.: 41.18% (7/17) of positivity in conjunctiva, 35.29% (6/17) in palate and 23.53% (4/17) in cloaca. There was no positive sample for MG or MS in PCR. Similar colonies were found for members of the Mollicutes Class in 17.64% of the samples (3/17). The results confirmed Mycoplasma spp. DNA in conjunctiva, palate and cloaca from the wild birds analyzed. This is the first record of Mycoplasma spp. in captive psittacines from northeastern Brazil.
Asunto(s)
Animales , Mycoplasma gallisepticum , Mycoplasma synoviae , Loros , Tenericutes , Electroforesis/veterinaria , Infecciones Bacterianas/veterinariaRESUMEN
Objetivou-se com este estudo investigar a ocorrência de Mycoplasma spp., Mycoplasma galissepticum (MG) e Mycoplasma synoviae (MS) em psitacídeos de cativeiro localizado no estado de Pernambuco, Brasil. Foram estudadas 85 aves provenientes do Parque Estadual Dois Irmãos, localizado no estado do Pernambuco, Brasil. De cada psitacídeo analisado foram obtidas três amostras por meio de swabs da cloaca, palato e conjuntiva totalizando 255 amostras. As amostras coletadas foram submetidas à extração de DNA e à reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR), sendo as positivas submetidas ao isolamento em ágar Frey. O DNA de Mycoplasma spp. foi detectado em 16,47% (14/85) dos psitacídeos estudados. Das 255 amostras analisadas, 6,66% (17/255) foram positivas para a presença de Mycoplasma spp., sendo 41,18% (7/17) provenientes da conjuntiva, 35,29% (6/17) do palato e 23,53% (4/17) da cloaca. Nenhuma amostra foi positiva para MG ou MS na PCR. Os resultados obtidos permitem confirmar a presença do DNA de Mycoplasma spp. em conjuntiva, palato e cloaca nas aves estudadas. Foram detectadas colônias semelhantes a membros da classe Mollicutes em 17,64% das amostras (3/17). Esse é o primeiro relato da presença de Mycoplasma spp. em psitacídeos de cativeiro no Nordeste do Brasil.(AU)
The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of Mycoplasma spp., Mycoplasma galissepticum (MG) and Mycoplasma synoviae (MS) in captive psittacines. Eighty-five wild birds from Parque Estadual Dois Irmãos, Pernambuco state, northeastern Brazil, were used. From each psittacid analyzed three samples were obtained through cloaca, palate and conjunctiva swabs, totaling 255 samples. Samples collected were submitted to DNA extraction and Polimerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Mycoplasma spp. DNA was detected in 16.47% (14/85) of psittacines studied. From 255 samples, 6.66% (17/255) were positive for Mycoplasma spp.: 41.18% (7/17) of positivity in conjunctiva, 35.29% (6/17) in palate and 23.53% (4/17) in cloaca. There was no positive sample for MG or MS in PCR. Similar colonies were found for members of the Mollicutes Class in 17.64% of the samples (3/17). The results confirmed Mycoplasma spp. DNA in conjunctiva, palate and cloaca from the wild birds analyzed. This is the first record of Mycoplasma spp. in captive psittacines from northeastern Brazil.(AU)
Asunto(s)
Animales , Mycoplasma gallisepticum , Mycoplasma synoviae , Loros , Tenericutes , Infecciones Bacterianas/veterinaria , Electroforesis/veterinariaRESUMEN
The hoary fox (Pseudalopex vetulus) is a wild canid native to Brazil and is commonly found in the semiarid northeastern area living in contact with cattle. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the presence of Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii DNA in hoary foxes, in the state of Paraíba, Brazil. Brain tissue samples were collected from 49 hoary foxes. From the samples, DNA extraction and the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were performed using specific primers for N. caninum and T. gondii. The prevalences found were 14.3% (7/49) for T. gondii and 12.2% (6/49) for N. caninum. The molecular identities of the amplified products were confirmed by means of the sequencing reaction. This study demonstrated the presence of N. caninum and T. gondii DNA in free-ranging hoary foxes in Brazil for the first time, thus confirming that this species is an intermediate host.
Asunto(s)
Encéfalo/parasitología , Coccidiosis/diagnóstico , ADN Protozoario/aislamiento & purificación , Zorros/parasitología , Neospora/aislamiento & purificación , Toxoplasma/aislamiento & purificación , Toxoplasmosis Animal/parasitología , Animales , Brasil/epidemiología , Bovinos , Vectores de Enfermedades , Neospora/genética , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa/veterinaria , Toxoplasma/genética , Toxoplasmosis Animal/diagnósticoRESUMEN
A doença de Alzheimer (DA) é caracterizada por distúrbios que podem comprometer a nutrição do paciente e causar perda de peso e deficiências nutricionais durante a doença. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o estado nutricional e o consumo alimentar de pacientes brasileiros com doença de Alzheimer em diferentes estágios da doença. A amostra foi composta por 30 indivíduos, com idade média de 77 anos, de ambos os sexos, com provável DA. Os indivíduos foram avaliados através de dados antropométricos, Mini Avaliação Nutricional (MAN), albumina sérica, Mini Exame do Estado Mental, e recordatório de 24 horas. Embora tenha sido encontrada uma diminuição no peso médio entre os estágios da doença (CDR1: 70,8±15,9 kg; CDR2: 61,4±15,7 kg; CDR3: 56,1± 8,4kg) conforme a progressão da doença, a diferença não foi significativa. Os parâmetros MAN e albumina sérica mostraram uma diminuição entre os estágios da doença (p = 0,042,p = 0,047, respectivamente), sendo que no estágio grave metade dos pacientes estava desnutrida e a outra metade em risco de desnutrição. De acordo com o índice de massa corporal, 23,3% dos pacientes estavam com sobrepeso. O valor nutricional da ingestão alimentar foi similar nos estágios de DA. Em conclusão, a maioria dos pacientes brasileiros com DA neste estudo apresentaram desnutrição, apesar de o consumo alimentar ter sido similar entre os estágios da doença, uma vez que não apresentou associação direta com a progressão da DA...
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by disorders that can impair the nutrition of the patient and lead to weight loss and nutritional deficits during the course of the disease. The aim of this study was to assess the nutritional status and food intake of Brazilian patients with Alzheimer's disease at 3 different stages of the disease. The sample consisted of 30 subjects of both genders, mean age 77 years, with probable AD. Subjects were assessed by collecting anthropometric data, the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), serum albumin content, Mini Mental State Examination and 24-hour records of food and drink. Although a steady decrease in average weight was observed as the disease progressed (CDR1: 70.8±15.9 kg; CDR2: 61.4±15.7 kg; CDR3: 56.1± 8.4 kg), the differences were not significant. MNA and serum albumin both fell during the progression of the disease (p = 0.042; p = 0.047, respectively) and, at the severe stage, half the patients were found to be undernourished and the other half at risk of undernutrition. According to their body mass index, 23.3% of patients were overweight. The nutritional value of the food consumed was similar across the stages of AD. In conclusion, the majority of Brazilian patients with AD in this study exhibited cognitive decline and malnutrition. However, food intake was similar among the stages of the disease, thus having no direct association with the progression of AD...
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Dieta , Enfermedad de Alzheimer/etiología , Estado Nutricional , Peso CorporalRESUMEN
In a recent study by our group on the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections and on the knowledge, attitudes and practices of local residents of Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, we observed that about 50% of the inhabitants were parasitized and had some knowledge of intestinal parasitic infections but did not apply this knowledge in daily practice. We were thus motivated to implement strategies in health education to promote preventive measures in the locality. The goal of the present work was to evaluate the influence of health education on the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections in the region in an effort to strengthen public policies for controlling these diseases in Brazil. The methodology adopted was based on action-research and a theoretical framework of health promotion. Our results demonstrate that the study population exhibited an enhanced awareness of the importance of disease from intestinal parasitic infections. Attitudes and practices related to prevention were significantly improved after the shared health education. In conclusion, this study allowed the shared construction of knowledge that reflected the true needs of the residents.
Asunto(s)
Educación en Salud , Parasitosis Intestinales/epidemiología , Parasitosis Intestinales/prevención & control , Pobreza , Animales , Brasil/epidemiología , Heces/parasitología , Femenino , Tracto Gastrointestinal/parasitología , Conocimientos, Actitudes y Práctica en Salud , Promoción de la Salud , Humanos , Parasitosis Intestinales/parasitología , Masculino , PrevalenciaRESUMEN
5-Bromo-2’-deoxyuridine (BrdUrd) has long been known to interfere with cell differentiation. We found that treatment ofBradysia hygida larvae with BrdUrd during DNA puff anlage formation in the polytene chromosomes of the salivary gland S1 region noticeably affects anlage morphology. However, it does not affect subsequent metamorphosis to the adult stage. The chromatin of the chromosomal sites that would normally form DNA puffs remains very compact and DNA puff expansion does not occur with administration of 4 to 8 mM BrdUrd. Injection of BrdUrd at different ages provoked a gradient of compaction of the DNA puff chromatin, leading to the formation of very small to almost normal puffs. By immunodetection, we show that the analogue is preferentially incorporated into the DNA puff anlages. When BrdUrd is injected in a mixture with thymidine, it is not incorporated into the DNA, and normal DNA puffs form. Therefore, incorporation of this analogue into the amplified DNA seems to be the cause of this extreme compaction. Autoradiographic experiments and silver grains counting showed that this treatment decreases the efficiency of RNA synthesis at DNA puff anlages.
Asunto(s)
Animales , Bromodesoxiuridina/farmacología , ADN , Dípteros/genética , Proteínas de Insectos/efectos de los fármacos , Glándulas Salivales/química , Proteínas y Péptidos Salivales/efectos de los fármacos , Autorradiografía , Diferenciación Celular , Proteínas de Insectos/genética , Larva/efectos de los fármacos , Glándulas Salivales/efectos de los fármacos , Proteínas y Péptidos Salivales/genéticaRESUMEN
5-Bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdUrd) has long been known to interfere with cell differentiation. We found that treatment of Bradysia hygida larvae with BrdUrd during DNA puff anlage formation in the polytene chromosomes of the salivary gland S1 region noticeably affects anlage morphology. However, it does not affect subsequent metamorphosis to the adult stage. The chromatin of the chromosomal sites that would normally form DNA puffs remains very compact and DNA puff expansion does not occur with administration of 4 to 8 mM BrdUrd. Injection of BrdUrd at different ages provoked a gradient of compaction of the DNA puff chromatin, leading to the formation of very small to almost normal puffs. By immunodetection, we show that the analogue is preferentially incorporated into the DNA puff anlages. When BrdUrd is injected in a mixture with thymidine, it is not incorporated into the DNA, and normal DNA puffs form. Therefore, incorporation of this analogue into the amplified DNA seems to be the cause of this extreme compaction. Autoradiographic experiments and silver grains counting showed that this treatment decreases the efficiency of RNA synthesis at DNA puff anlages.
Asunto(s)
Bromodesoxiuridina/farmacología , ADN/efectos de los fármacos , Dípteros/genética , Proteínas de Insectos/efectos de los fármacos , Glándulas Salivales/química , Proteínas y Péptidos Salivales/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , Autorradiografía , Diferenciación Celular , Proteínas de Insectos/genética , Larva/efectos de los fármacos , Glándulas Salivales/efectos de los fármacos , Proteínas y Péptidos Salivales/genéticaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Dietary factors have been associated with metabolic syndrome (MS) in healthy individuals and specific ethnic groups. To evaluate possible associations of usual dietary factors with the presence of MS in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). SUBJECTS/METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 214 patients with type 2 DM without dietary counseling during previous 6 months were studied. After clinical and laboratory examinations, dietary intake was evaluated by 3-day weighed-diet records, whose reliability was confirmed by 24-h urinary nitrogen output. The presence of MS was defined according to International Diabetes Federation. RESULTS: Patients with MS (n=174) had a lower intake of total (16.7 +/- 6.2 vs 19.5 +/- 6.5 g day(-1); P=0.010) and soluble fibers (5.3 +/- 1.8 vs 6.0 +/- 2.7 g day(-1); P=0.011) than patients without MS. In multiple logistic regression models, adjusted for gender and DM duration, variables associated with MS were soluble fibers (OR=0.86; 95% CI=0.74-0.98; P=0.046), soluble fibers from whole-grain foods (OR=0.43; 95% CI=0.25-0.76; P=0.002) and soluble fibers from fruits (OR=0.76; 95% CI=0.62-0.95; P=0.017). Whole-grain and fruits were the foods negatively associated with MS. CONCLUSIONS: The intake of soluble fibers, particularly from whole-grain foods and fruits, may have a protective role for the presence of MS in this selected sample of patients with type 2 DM.
Asunto(s)
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/dietoterapia , Fibras de la Dieta/uso terapéutico , Síndrome Metabólico/dietoterapia , Obesidad/dietoterapia , Anciano , Estudios Transversales , Registros de Dieta , Femenino , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estado Nutricional , Triglicéridos/sangre , Triglicéridos/metabolismo , Circunferencia de la CinturaAsunto(s)
Quirópteros/fisiología , Reproducción/fisiología , Maduración Sexual/fisiología , Animales , Femenino , MasculinoAsunto(s)
Animales , Masculino , Femenino , Quirópteros/fisiología , Reproducción/fisiología , Maduración Sexual/fisiologíaRESUMEN
RESUMO Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. (URM 3447) isolado de Castnia licus (Drury) e reisolado de ovos, larvas e adultos de Anthonomusgrandis (bicudo-do-algodoeiro), artificialmente infectado, foi avaliado sob condições (temperatura: 27 ± 2º C, UR: 60 ± 10% e fotofase: 14h). Estimou-se a viabilidade de B. bassiana (germinação, crescimento colonial e conidiogênese) em meio de cultura Batata-Dextrose-Ágar (BDA) e virulência ao inseto adulto. Conídios em suspensão aquosa com Tween 80 (0,05%), nas concentrações (0,62 x 106; 0,24 x 106 e 0,43 x 106 conídios/mL), constituíram os inóculos para os testes de viabilidade e virulência. Determinou-se a taxa de germinação para o fungo reisolado e não reisolado, 18h após a inoculação. Crescimento das colônias e conidiogênese foram estimados nos intervalos de 3, 6, 9, 12 e 15 dias. As suspensões de conídios nas concentrações aplicadas causaram mortalidade de 96,7, 83,4 e 91,1% em TL de 5,4, 5,9 e 5,3 dias, respectivamente. Verificou-se que B. bassiana (URM-3447), reisolado de ovos, larvas e adultos de A. grandis , apresentou elevada viabilidade de germinação, crescimento colonial e conidiogênese em meio BDA, podendo ser produzido e empregado como agente de controle do inseto.
ABSTRACT Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. (URM 3447) isolated from Castnia licus (Drury) and reisolated from eggs, larvae and adults of Anthonomus grandis (boll weevil), infected artificially was evaluated under various conditions (temperature: 27 ± 2º C, HR: 60 ± 10% and photophase: 14h). Estimation was made of the viability of B. bassiana (germination, colonial growth and conidiogenesis) in Potato-Dextrose-Agar (PDA) culture medium and virulence on the adult insect. Conidia in watery suspension with Tween 80 (0.05%), at various concentrations (0.62 x 106; 0.24 x 106 and 0.43 x 106 conidia/mL) constituted the inoculum for the viability and virulence tests. Determination was made of the rate of germination to reisolated and no-reisolated fungus, 18h after the inoculation. Growth of the colonies and conidiogenesis were estimated in the intervals of 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 days. Suspension of the conidia in concentrations caused mortality of 96.7, 83.4 and 91.1% in LT50 of 5.4, 5.9 and 5.3 days, respectively. The relative pathogen potency (RPP) indicated that the fungus was more aggressive after reisolation. It was verified that B. bassiana (URM-3447), reisolated from eggs, larvae and adults of the A. grandis, presented high viability of germination, colonial growth and conidiogenesis in PDA medium and high degree of virulence on the adult insect, being able to be used as an insect control agent.
RESUMEN
BhB10-1 is an amplified gene present in DNA puff B10. This gene is very active in the salivary gland regions S1 and S3 at the end of the larval development. Two transcripts of this gene, 1.3 and 1.1 kb in size, were detected. A secretory protein, SP23, is the product of BhB10-1. In this work, we present evidence supporting the hypothesis that a biphasic process of mRNA degradation is an important component in the control of BhB10-1 gene expression. The 1.3 kb transcript, by a process of poly(A) tail shortening, is converted to the inactive transcript of 1.1 kb which is detected during and after the period of SP23 expression. Cycloheximide in very low concentration, if applied at a proper time, can disrupt this process leading to extended periods of 1.3 kb RNA detection and SP23 synthesis. A tentative model is proposed to explain this phenomenon.
Asunto(s)
Cicloheximida/farmacología , Dípteros/genética , Regulación de la Expresión Génica/efectos de los fármacos , Genes de Insecto , Inhibidores de la Síntesis de la Proteína/farmacología , Animales , Poliadenilación , ARN , Glándulas Salivales/metabolismoRESUMEN
O estudo citogenético convencional em uma menina com aniridia esporádica resultou em uma aparente translocaçäo balanceada t(11;13)(p13;q33) de novo. Entretanto, o estudo citogenético pela hibridaçäo in situ fluorescente (FISH) detectou a presença de uma deleçäo críptica 11p13p14, incluindo a regiäo WAGR e envolvendo aproximadamente 7.5 Mb de DNA, deletando os genes PAX6 e WT1. Estes resultados correlacionam-se com o quadro clínico da paciente e a coloca em alto risco de desenvolver tumor de Wilms. A ausência de retardo mental na paciente indica que a posiçäo distal do ponto de quebra poderá refinar o mapeamento do locus retardo mental na síndrome de genes contíguos WAGR (Wilms, aniridia, anomalias genitais e retardo mental).