RESUMEN
Three consecutive outbreaks of Salmonella enteritidis PT4 occurred in Wales in 1989 in which epidemiological and microbiological investigation established eggs as the likely source although kitchen inspection and food preparation histories suggested other vehicles of infection. This paper examines the contribution of analytical epidemiology in attributing causation, with particular reference to those limitations which are regarded as inherent in epidemiological evidence. Such evidence, implicating eggs in the three outbreaks, fulfilled 6/7 widely accepted criteria for causation; data to assess the seventh were lacking. Collaboration between different agencies and professionals in investigating outbreaks is very important.
Asunto(s)
Brotes de Enfermedades , Huevos , Microbiología de Alimentos , Intoxicación Alimentaria por Salmonella/epidemiología , Salmonella enteritidis/aislamiento & purificación , Humanos , Intoxicación Alimentaria por Salmonella/etiología , Intoxicación Alimentaria por Salmonella/microbiología , Gales/epidemiologíaAsunto(s)
Vacunas Bacterianas/uso terapéutico , Peso Corporal/efectos de los fármacos , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/prevención & control , Bovinos/inmunología , Salmonelosis Animal/prevención & control , Animales , Vacunas Bacterianas/farmacología , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/inmunología , Salmonelosis Animal/inmunologíaRESUMEN
From 1 January-31 August, 1984, 585 samples of fresh, uncooked, frozen meat (12) and offal (573) were subjected to the AGID and CIE comparative serological tests for species identification using commercially produced bovine, ovine, porcine and equine anti-species antisera. Species were identified in 286 585 (48·9%) and 581 585 (99·3%) samples by the AGID and CIE tests, respectively. Single species per sample were identified in 246 585 (42·1%) and 481 585 (82·2%) by the AGID and CIE tests. More than one species per sample were identified in 40/585 (6·8%) and 100/585 (17·0%) samples for the same two tests, respectively. The CIE test was more sensitive and rapid in detecting species.
Asunto(s)
Degeneración Retiniana/veterinaria , Enfermedades de las Ovejas , Animales , Femenino , Ovinos , GalesAsunto(s)
Animales Domésticos , Legislación Veterinaria , Transportes , Animales , Bovinos , Inglaterra , Ovinos , PorcinosRESUMEN
This paper deals with some recent developments in the air transportation of cattle, sheep, pigs and horses and comments on the factors involved which influence the results.