RESUMEN
Niobium carbide (NbC) is a high-field type II superconductor with a critical temperature (TC) of 11.1 K, slightly exceeding that of pure Nb (TC = 9 K). The reduction of NbC to the nanoparticle scale leads to significant changes in its critical field and/or the superconducting temperature. This study presents findings on superconducting NbC nanoparticles with TC ≃ 10 K produced through laser ablation in acetone, where different conditions of laser fluence and centrifugation were studied. Analysis by X-ray diffraction confirmed the cubic NbC phase, while electron microscopy images displayed approximately 8 nm spherical particles, showing no noticeable size variation with laser fluence. Additionally, magnetization curves exhibited both magnetic and superconducting loops for all investigated samples. A decrease in laser fluence resulted in the suppression of diamagnetic behavior below TC. Furthermore, all samples exhibited a weak electron spin resonance (ESR) Curie-like signal at g ≃ 2.0, probably linked to localized defects on the particle's surface. The simultaneous existence of superconductivity and magnetism in nanoparticles has recently garnered significant research attention. This intricate scenario and unique properties arise from the significant enhancement of the surface-to-volume ratio in these superconducting NbC nanoparticles, emphasizing the need for further investigation to unveil novel material properties and shed new light on our comprehension of the superconducting phenomenon in this particular morphology.
RESUMEN
Most of the treatment strategies for tumors and other disorders is photodynamic therapy (PDT). For several years, increasing the efficiency of nanostructured treatment devices, including light therapy, has been considered in different treatment methods. Light Dynamics The use of nanomaterial in this method's production and progress. The use of nanoparticles as carriers is a promising accomplishment, since all the criteria for an ideal photodynamic therapy agent can be given with these nanomaterials. The kinds of nanoparticles that have recently been used in photodynamic therapy are mentioned in this article. Latest advancements are being explored in the use of inorganic nanoparticles and biodegradable polymer-based nanomaterial as carriers of photosynthetic agents. Photosynthetic nanoparticles, self-propagating nanoparticles, and conversion nanoparticles are among the successful photodynamic therapy nanoparticles addressed in this report.
A maioria das estratégias de tratamento para tumores e outros distúrbios consiste na terapia fotodinâmica (PDT). Por vários anos, observou-se o aumento da eficiência de dispositivos de tratamento nanoestruturados, incluindo terapia de luz, que tem sido considerada em diferentes métodos de tratamento. Desse modo, este trabalho visa analisar a utilização de nanomateriais na produção e evolução deste método. A utilização de nanopartículas como carreadores é uma conquista promissora, pois todos os critérios para um agente de terapia fotodinâmica ideal podem ser obtidos com esses nanomateriais. Os categorias de nanopartículas que têm sido utilizados recentemente na terapia fotodinâmica são mencionados neste artigo. Os últimos avanços estão sendo explorados na utilização de nanopartículas inorgânicas e nanomateriais à base de polímeros biodegradáveis como portadores de agentes fotossintéticos. Nanopartículas fotossintéticas, nanopartículas autopropagantes e nanopartículas de conversão estão entre as nanopartículas de terapia fotodinâmica bem-sucedidas abordadas neste trabalho.
Asunto(s)
Fotosíntesis , Fotoquimioterapia , Nanopartículas , Neoplasias/terapiaRESUMEN
Metals, such as copper and silver, can be extremely toxic to bacteria at exceptionally low concentrations. Because of this biocidal activity, metals have been widely used as antimicrobial agents in a multitude of applications related with agriculture, healthcare, and the industry in general. A large number of microorganisms live in the human environment. if the balance of these creatures in nature is disturbed, the health of the individual and society will be threatened due to the production and emission of unpleasant odors and the reduction of health standards. The presence of microorganisms on textiles can cause adverse effects such as discoloration or staining on textiles, decomposition of fibrous materials, reduced strength, and eventually decay of textiles. Most fibers and polymers do not show resistance to the effects of microbes and by providing growth factors for microorganisms such as the right temperature and humidity, nutrients from sweat and fat from skin glands, dead skin cells as well as materials used in the stage of finishing the textiles causes the rapid growth and spread of various microbes. With the advent of nanotechnology, various industries and human daily life underwent changes. In recent years, increasing research on nanoparticles has led to the production of textiles with greater efficiency and added value. These modified textiles prevent the spread of unpleasant odors, the spread, and transmission of diseases. This article reviews the basics and principles of antimicrobial tetiles, as well as a brief overview of antimicrobial materials and nanostructures with antimicrobial properties.
Metais como cobre e prata podem ser extremamente tóxicos para bactérias em concentrações excepcionalmente baixas. Devido a esta atividade biocida, os metais têm sido amplamente utilizados como agentes antimicrobianos em uma infinidade de aplicações relacionadas à agricultura, saúde e indústria em geral. Muitos microrganismos vivem no ambiente humano e, se o equilíbrio dessas criaturas na natureza for alterado, a saúde dos indivíduos e da sociedade estará ameaçada devido à produção e emissão de odores desagradáveis e à redução dos padrões de saúde. A presença de microrganismos em têxteis pode causar efeitos adversos, como descoloração ou manchas, decomposição de materiais fibrosos, resistência reduzida e, eventualmente, deterioração. A maioria das fibras e polímeros não apresenta resistência aos efeitos dos micróbios e fornecem fatores de crescimento para os microrganismos, como temperatura e umidade adequadas, nutrientes do suor e gordura das glândulas da pele, células mortas da pele, bem como materiais usados na etapa de acabamento causando crescimento e disseminação de vários micróbios. Com o advento da nanotecnologia, diversas indústrias e o cotidiano humano passaram por mudanças. Nos últimos anos, o aumento da pesquisa em nanopartículas levou à produção de têxteis com maior eficiência e valor agregado. Esses têxteis modificados evitam a propagação de odores desagradáveis, a propagação e a transmissão de doenças. Este artigo analisa os fundamentos e princípios dos têxteis antimicrobianos, bem como uma breve visão geral dos materiais antimicrobianos e nanoestruturas com propriedades antimicrobianas.
Asunto(s)
Textiles , Nanoestructuras , Nanopartículas , AntiinfecciososRESUMEN
Heart and blood vessel disorders, such as coronary heart disease, brain vessel disease, rheumatic heart disease, and others, are together referred to as cardiovascular disease (CVD). In this study, we sought to determine how mitochondrial Leucine Transfer RNA genes and CVDs are related (MT-L1 and MT-L2). From CVD patients in Peshawar, a total of 27 saliva samples were taken. Leu-tRNA genes expressed by mitochondria were amplified using polymerase chain reaction after DNA was removed. Ten samples were sent for sequencing after PCR and gene cleaning. We obtained all of the sequenced results, which were subsequently aligned and evaluated against the mitochondrial revised Cambridge Reference Sequence (rCRS). However, in our sequenced samples, Leu-tRNA MT-L1 and MT-L2 genes were determined to be unaltered. Thus, it is suggested that a large population be taken into account while screening for mutations in the mitochondrial encoded Leu-tRNA MT-L1 and MT-L2 genes of cardiac patients in areas of Pakistan. Additionally, it is recommended that patients with cardiac problems should also have other mitochondrial encoded genes checked for potential mutations. This could result in the identification of genetic markers that could be used for early CVD screening in Pakistan.
Distúrbios do coração e dos vasos sanguíneos, como doença cardíaca coronária, doença dos vasos cerebrais, doença cardíaca reumática entre outros, são referidos juntos como doença cardiovascular (DCV). Neste estudo, procuramos determinar como os genes mitocondriais do RNA de transferência de leucina e as DCVs estão relacionados (MT-L1 e MT-L2). Foi coletado um total de 27 amostras de saliva de pacientes com DCV em Peshawar. Genes de Leu-tRNA expressos por mitocôndrias foram amplificados usando reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) após a remoção do DNA. Dez amostras foram enviadas para sequenciamento após PCR e limpeza gênica. Obtivemos todos os resultados sequenciados, que foram posteriormente alinhados e avaliados em comparação com a Sequência de Referência de Cambridge revisada (rCRS). No entanto, em nossas amostras sequenciadas, os genes Leu-tRNA MT-L1 e MT-L2 foram determinados como inalterados. Assim, sugere-se que uma grande população seja levada em consideração durante a triagem de mutações nos genes Leu-tRNA MT-L1 e MT-L2 mitocondriais codificados de pacientes cardíacos em áreas do Paquistão. Além disso, recomenda-se que outros genes mitocondriais codificados de pacientes com problemas cardíacos também sejam verificados quanto a possíveis mutações. Isso pode resultar na identificação de marcadores genéticos que podem ser usados para triagem precoce de DCV no Paquistão.
Asunto(s)
ADN Mitocondrial , Análisis Mutacional de ADN , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares , Marcadores Genéticos , PakistánRESUMEN
Abstract Life cycle assessment was carried out for a conventional wooden furniture set produced in Mardan division of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan during 2018-19. Primary data regarding inputs and outputs were collected through questionnaire surveys from 100 conventional wooden furniture set manufacturers, 50 in district Mardan and 50 in district Swabi. In the present study, cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment approach was applied for a functional unit of one conventional wooden furniture set. Production weighted average data were modelled in the environmental impacts modelling software i.e., SimaPro v.8.5. The results showed that textile used in sofa set, wood preservative for polishing and preventing insects attack and petrol used in generator had the highest contribution to all the environmental impact categories evaluated. Total cumulative energy demand for wooden furniture set manufactured was 30,005 MJ with most of the energy acquired from non-renewable fossil fuel resources.
Resumo A abordagem de avaliação do ciclo de vida foi realizada para um conjunto de móveis de madeira convencional produzido na divisão Mardan da província de Khyber Pakhtunkhwa do Paquistão durante 2018-19. Os dados primários sobre entradas e saídas foram coletados por meio de pesquisas por questionário de 100 fabricantes de conjuntos de móveis de madeira convencionais, 50 no distrito de Mardan e 50 no distrito de Swabi. No presente estudo, a abordagem de avaliação do ciclo de vida do berço ao portão foi aplicada para uma unidade funcional de um conjunto de móveis de madeira convencional. Os dados da média ponderada da produção foram modelados no software de modelagem de impactos ambientais, isto é, SimaPro v.8.5. Os resultados mostraram que os têxteis usados no conjunto de sofás, o preservativo de madeira para polir e prevenir o ataque de insetos e a gasolina usada no gerador tiveram a maior contribuição em todas as categorias de impacto ambiental avaliadas. A demanda total acumulada de energia para o conjunto de móveis de madeira fabricado foi de 30.005 MJ, com a maior parte da energia adquirida de recursos de combustíveis fósseis não renováveis.
Asunto(s)
Ambiente , Diseño Interior y Mobiliario , PakistánRESUMEN
Due to extensive application of antibiotics as growth promoters in animal feed, antimicrobial resistance has been increased. To overcome this challenge, rumen microbiologists search for new probiotics to improve the rate of livestock production. The present study was aimed to isolate and evaluate breed-specific lactic acid bacteria (LAB) as potential animal probiotics. The current study was conducted during 10 months from July 2020 to April 2021, in which a total of n=12 strains were isolated from different samples including milk, rumen, and feces of Nilli Ravi Buffaloes. These isolates were evaluated for their antimicrobial potential against common animal pathogens (Bacillus spp., E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella spp., Listeria spp.). All the isolates were identified using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and the phylogenetic analyses inferred that these strains showed close relations to the species of various genera; Enterococcus lactis, Pediococcus pentosaceus, Bacillus subtilis Weissella cibaria, Weissella soli, Bacillus tequilensis, Weissella bombi, Bacillus licheniformis, Lactococcus lactis, Bacillus megaterium, Lactobacillus ruminis, and Lactococcus lactis. NMCC-Ru2 has exhibited the enormous potential of antimicrobial activity, 28 mm, for Salmonella typhimurium;23 mm for Listeria monocytogenes 21 mm for E.coil. Highest resistance was seen in NMCC-Ru2 agasint test antbiotic, like 25.5 mm for Tetracycline. Overall results revesl that the probiotic profile of isolates was achieved using standard criteria, particularly with animal probiotic properties
Devido à extensa aplicação de antibióticos como promotores de crescimento na alimentação animal, a resistência aos antimicrobianos aumentou. Para superar esse desafio, os microbiologistas do rúmen buscam novos probióticos para melhorar a produtividade do gado. O presente estudo teve como objetivo isolar e avaliar bactérias lácticas específicas de raças (BAL) como potenciais probióticos animais. 12 cepas foram isoladas de diferentes amostras, incluindo leite, rúmen e fezes de búfalos Nilli Ravi. Esses isolados foram avaliados quanto ao seu potencial antimicrobiano contra patógenos animais comuns (Bacillus spp., E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella spp., Listeria spp.). Todos os isolados foram identificados por meio do sequenciamento do gene 16S rRNA e as análises filogenéticas inferiram que essas cepas apresentaram estreita relação com as espécies de vários gêneros; Enterococcus lactis, Pediococcus pentosaceus, Bacillus subtilis, Weissella cibaria, Weissella soli, Bacillus tequilensis, Weissella bombi, Bacillus licheniformis, Lactococcus lactis, Bacillus megaterium, Lactobacillus ruminis e Lactococcus lactis. O perfil probiótico dos isolados foi obtido usando critérios padrão, particularmente com propriedades probióticas animais.
Asunto(s)
Animales , Búfalos , Enterococcus , Probióticos , Tracto Gastrointestinal , Lactobacillus , AntibacterianosRESUMEN
Abstract Life cycle assessment was carried out for a conventional wooden furniture set produced in Mardan division of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan during 2018-19. Primary data regarding inputs and outputs were collected through questionnaire surveys from 100 conventional wooden furniture set manufacturers, 50 in district Mardan and 50 in district Swabi. In the present study, cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment approach was applied for a functional unit of one conventional wooden furniture set. Production weighted average data were modelled in the environmental impacts modelling software i.e., SimaPro v.8.5. The results showed that textile used in sofa set, wood preservative for polishing and preventing insects attack and petrol used in generator had the highest contribution to all the environmental impact categories evaluated. Total cumulative energy demand for wooden furniture set manufactured was 30,005 MJ with most of the energy acquired from non-renewable fossil fuel resources.
Resumo A abordagem de avaliação do ciclo de vida foi realizada para um conjunto de móveis de madeira convencional produzido na divisão Mardan da província de Khyber Pakhtunkhwa do Paquistão durante 2018-19. Os dados primários sobre entradas e saídas foram coletados por meio de pesquisas por questionário de 100 fabricantes de conjuntos de móveis de madeira convencionais, 50 no distrito de Mardan e 50 no distrito de Swabi. No presente estudo, a abordagem de avaliação do ciclo de vida do berço ao portão foi aplicada para uma unidade funcional de um conjunto de móveis de madeira convencional. Os dados da média ponderada da produção foram modelados no software de modelagem de impactos ambientais, isto é, SimaPro v.8.5. Os resultados mostraram que os têxteis usados no conjunto de sofás, o preservativo de madeira para polir e prevenir o ataque de insetos e a gasolina usada no gerador tiveram a maior contribuição em todas as categorias de impacto ambiental avaliadas. A demanda total acumulada de energia para o conjunto de móveis de madeira fabricado foi de 30.005 MJ, com a maior parte da energia adquirida de recursos de combustíveis fósseis não renováveis.
RESUMEN
Abstract Due to extensive application of antibiotics as growth promoters in animal feed, antimicrobial resistance has been increased. To overcome this challenge, rumen microbiologists search for new probiotics to improve the rate of livestock production. The present study was aimed to isolate and evaluate breed-specific lactic acid bacteria (LAB) as potential animal probiotics. The current study was conducted during 10 months from July 2020 to April 2021, in which a total of n=12 strains were isolated from different samples including milk, rumen, and feces of Nilli Ravi Buffaloes. These isolates were evaluated for their antimicrobial potential against common animal pathogens (Bacillus spp., E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella spp., Listeria spp.). All the isolates were identified using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and the phylogenetic analyses inferred that these strains showed close relations to the species of various genera; Enterococcus lactis, Pediococcus pentosaceus, Bacillus subtilis Weissella cibaria, Weissella soli, Bacillus tequilensis, Weissella bombi, Bacillus licheniformis, Lactococcus lactis, Bacillus megaterium, Lactobacillus ruminis, and Lactococcus lactis. NMCC-Ru2 has exhibited the enormous potential of antimicrobial activity, 28 mm, for Salmonella typhimurium;23 mm for Listeria monocytogenes 21 mm for E.coil. Highest resistance was seen in NMCC-Ru2 agasint test antbiotic, like 25.5 mm for Tetracycline. Overall results revesl that the probiotic profile of isolates was achieved using standard criteria, particularly with animal probiotic properties
Resumo Devido à extensa aplicação de antibióticos como promotores de crescimento na alimentação animal, a resistência aos antimicrobianos aumentou. Para superar esse desafio, os microbiologistas do rúmen buscam novos probióticos para melhorar a produtividade do gado. O presente estudo teve como objetivo isolar e avaliar bactérias lácticas específicas de raças (BAL) como potenciais probióticos animais. 12 cepas foram isoladas de diferentes amostras, incluindo leite, rúmen e fezes de búfalos Nilli Ravi. Esses isolados foram avaliados quanto ao seu potencial antimicrobiano contra patógenos animais comuns (Bacillus spp., E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella spp., Listeria spp.). Todos os isolados foram identificados por meio do sequenciamento do gene 16S rRNA e as análises filogenéticas inferiram que essas cepas apresentaram estreita relação com as espécies de vários gêneros; Enterococcus lactis, Pediococcus pentosaceus, Bacillus subtilis, Weissella cibaria, Weissella soli, Bacillus tequilensis, Weissella bombi, Bacillus licheniformis, Lactococcus lactis, Bacillus megaterium, Lactobacillus ruminis e Lactococcus lactis. O perfil probiótico dos isolados foi obtido usando critérios padrão, particularmente com propriedades probióticas animais.
RESUMEN
Most of the treatment strategies for tumors and other disorders is photodynamic therapy (PDT). For several years, increasing the efficiency of nanostructured treatment devices, including light therapy, has been considered in different treatment methods. Light Dynamics The use of nanomaterial in this method's production and progress. The use of nanoparticles as carriers is a promising accomplishment, since all the criteria for an ideal photodynamic therapy agent can be given with these nanomaterials. The kinds of nanoparticles that have recently been used in photodynamic therapy are mentioned in this article. Latest advancements are being explored in the use of inorganic nanoparticles and biodegradable polymer-based nanomaterial as carriers of photosynthetic agents. Photosynthetic nanoparticles, self-propagating nanoparticles, and conversion nanoparticles are among the successful photodynamic therapy nanoparticles addressed in this report.
Asunto(s)
Nanopartículas , Neoplasias , Fotoquimioterapia , Humanos , Nanopartículas/uso terapéutico , Neoplasias/tratamiento farmacológico , FotosíntesisRESUMEN
Metals, such as copper and silver, can be extremely toxic to bacteria at exceptionally low concentrations. Because of this biocidal activity, metals have been widely used as antimicrobial agents in a multitude of applications related with agriculture, healthcare, and the industry in general. A large number of microorganisms live in the human environment. if the balance of these creatures in nature is disturbed, the health of the individual and society will be threatened due to the production and emission of unpleasant odors and the reduction of health standards. The presence of microorganisms on textiles can cause adverse effects such as discoloration or staining on textiles, decomposition of fibrous materials, reduced strength, and eventually decay of textiles. Most fibers and polymers do not show resistance to the effects of microbes and by providing growth factors for microorganisms such as the right temperature and humidity, nutrients from sweat and fat from skin glands, dead skin cells as well as materials used in the stage of finishing the textiles causes the rapid growth and spread of various microbes. With the advent of nanotechnology, various industries and human daily life underwent changes. In recent years, increasing research on nanoparticles has led to the production of textiles with greater efficiency and added value. These modified textiles prevent the spread of unpleasant odors, the spread, and transmission of diseases. This article reviews the basics and principles of antimicrobial tetiles, as well as a brief overview of antimicrobial materials and nanostructures with antimicrobial properties.
Asunto(s)
Antiinfecciosos , Nanopartículas , Nanoestructuras , Humanos , Antiinfecciosos/farmacología , Textiles , CobreRESUMEN
Heart and blood vessel disorders, such as coronary heart disease, brain vessel disease, rheumatic heart disease, and others, are together referred to as cardiovascular disease (CVD). In this study, we sought to determine how mitochondrial Leucine Transfer RNA genes and CVDs are related (MT-L1 and MT-L2). From CVD patients in Peshawar, a total of 27 saliva samples were taken. Leu-tRNA genes expressed by mitochondria were amplified using polymerase chain reaction after DNA was removed. Ten samples were sent for sequencing after PCR and gene cleaning. We obtained all of the sequenced results, which were subsequently aligned and evaluated against the mitochondrial revised Cambridge Reference Sequence (rCRS). However, in our sequenced samples, Leu-tRNA MT-L1 and MT-L2 genes were determined to be unaltered. Thus, it is suggested that a large population be taken into account while screening for mutations in the mitochondrial encoded Leu-tRNA MT-L1 and MT-L2 genes of cardiac patients in areas of Pakistan. Additionally, it is recommended that patients with cardiac problems should also have other mitochondrial encoded genes checked for potential mutations. This could result in the identification of genetic markers that could be used for early CVD screening in Pakistan.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades Cardiovasculares , Humanos , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/diagnóstico , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/genética , Pakistán , Encéfalo , Mutación/genética , ADN Mitocondrial/genéticaRESUMEN
Monkeypox virus (MPXV) has gained interest because of a multicountry outbreak of mpox (formerly monkeypox) cases with no epidemiologic link to MPXV-endemic regions. We sequenced the complete genome of MPXV isolated from a patient in northern Mexico. Phylogenetic analysis grouped the virus with isolates from Germany.
Asunto(s)
Monkeypox virus , Mpox , Humanos , Monkeypox virus/genética , Filogenia , México/epidemiología , Mpox/diagnóstico , Mpox/epidemiología , Secuencia de BasesRESUMEN
The development of organic agriculture has been promoted worldwide to improve the nutritional health of families, and Ecuador is no exception. The aim of this research was to identify the behaviour and attitudes of consumers toward the commercialization of organic products in the city of Riobamba. This will help us to understand in what situations the consumers access these foods, the producer position in relation to the market, and to know their attitude towards these products. The study used a quantitative approach, and is descriptive, incorporating the deductive method and a non-experimental design. The techniques used were a survey as a source of data collection, with a sample including 195 consumers. Linear regression was applied to test the hypotheses; this made it possible to identify those demographic and cultural factors that determine, to a lesser extent, consumer purchase behaviour in regard to organic products. The study determined that motivation, emotions, and feelings are significantly related to the consumer's attitude and purchase of organic products.
RESUMEN
Due to extensive application of antibiotics as growth promoters in animal feed, antimicrobial resistance has been increased. To overcome this challenge, rumen microbiologists search for new probiotics to improve the rate of livestock production. The present study was aimed to isolate and evaluate breed-specific lactic acid bacteria (LAB) as potential animal probiotics. The current study was conducted during 10 months from July 2020 to April 2021, in which a total of n=12 strains were isolated from different samples including milk, rumen, and feces of Nilli Ravi Buffaloes. These isolates were evaluated for their antimicrobial potential against common animal pathogens (Bacillus spp., E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella spp., Listeria spp.). All the isolates were identified using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and the phylogenetic analyses inferred that these strains showed close relations to the species of various genera; Enterococcus lactis, Pediococcus pentosaceus, Bacillus subtilis Weissella cibaria, Weissella soli, Bacillus tequilensis, Weissella bombi, Bacillus licheniformis, Lactococcus lactis, Bacillus megaterium, Lactobacillus ruminis, and Lactococcus lactis. NMCC-Ru2 has exhibited the enormous potential of antimicrobial activity, 28 mm, for Salmonella typhimurium;23 mm for Listeria monocytogenes 21 mm for E.coil. Highest resistance was seen in NMCC-Ru2 agasint test antbiotic, like 25.5 mm for Tetracycline. Overall results revesl that the probiotic profile of isolates was achieved using standard criteria, particularly with animal probiotic properties.
Asunto(s)
Búfalos , Probióticos , Animales , Asia , Búfalos/genética , Escherichia coli/genética , Filogenia , ARN Ribosómico 16S/genéticaRESUMEN
Green synthesis has been introduced as an alternative to chemical synthesis due to the serious consequences. Metal nanoparticles synthesized through green approach have different pharmaceutical, medical and agricultural applications. The present study followed a green and simple route for the preparation of potentially bioactive gold nanoparticles (Au NPs). Au NPs were prepared via green synthesis approach using crude basic alkaloidal portion of the tuber of Delphinium chitralense. The green synthesized Au NPs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and UV-Visible spectrophotometer. Morphological analysis shows that Au NPs have cubic geometry with different sizes. UV-Vis spectroscopic analysis confirmed the synthesis of Au NPs while XRD proved their pure crystalline phase. The Au NPs showed promising dose dependent inhibition of both AChE and BChE as compared to the crude as well as standard drug.
Asunto(s)
Delphinium , Nanopartículas del Metal , Oro/química , Nanopartículas del Metal/química , Extractos Vegetales/química , Extractos Vegetales/farmacologíaRESUMEN
Life cycle assessment was carried out for a conventional wooden furniture set produced in Mardan division of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan during 2018-19. Primary data regarding inputs and outputs were collected through questionnaire surveys from 100 conventional wooden furniture set manufacturers, 50 in district Mardan and 50 in district Swabi. In the present study, cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment approach was applied for a functional unit of one conventional wooden furniture set. Production weighted average data were modelled in the environmental impacts modelling software i.e., SimaPro v.8.5. The results showed that textile used in sofa set, wood preservative for polishing and preventing insects attack and petrol used in generator had the highest contribution to all the environmental impact categories evaluated. Total cumulative energy demand for wooden furniture set manufactured was 30,005 MJ with most of the energy acquired from non-renewable fossil fuel resources.
Asunto(s)
Ambiente , Diseño Interior y Mobiliario , PakistánRESUMEN
Greeen synthesis has been introduced as an alternative to chemical synthesis due to the serious consequences. Metal nanoparticles synthesized through green approach have different pharmaceutical, medical and agricultural applications. The present study followed a green and simple route for the preparation of potentially bioactive gold nanoparticles (Au NPs). Au NPs were prepared via green synthesis approach using crude basic alkaloidal portion of the tuber of Delphinium chitralense. The green synthesized Au NPs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and UV-Visible spectrophotometer. Morphological analysis shows that Au NPs have cubic geometry with different sizes. UV-Vis spectroscopic analysis confirmed the synthesis of Au NPs while XRD proved their pure crystalline phase. The Au NPs showed promising dose dependent inhibition of both AChE and BChE as compared to the crude as well as standard drug.
A síntese verde foi introduzida como uma alternativa à síntese química devido às graves consequências. As nanopartículas metálicas sintetizadas através da abordagem verde têm diferentes aplicações farmacêuticas, médicas e agrícolas. O presente estudo seguiu uma rota verde e simples para a preparação de nanopartículas de ouro potencialmente bioativas (Au NPs). As NPs de Au foram preparadas via abordagem de síntese verde usando a porção alcaloide básica bruta do tubérculo de Delphinium chitralense. As NPs de Au sintetizadas verdes foram caracterizadas por microscopia eletrônica de transmissão (TEM), microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV), difração de raios X (DRX), infravermelho com transformada de Fourier (FTIR) e espectrofotômetro UV-Visível. A análise morfológica mostra que as NPs de Au possuem geometria cúbica com tamanhos diferentes. A análise espectroscópica UV-Vis confirmou a síntese de Au NPs enquanto a XRD provou sua fase cristalina pura. O Au NPs mostrou inibição dependente da dose promissora de AChE e BChE em comparação com a droga bruta e padrão.
Asunto(s)
Delphinium , Tubérculos de la Planta , Enzimas , Nanopartículas , OroRESUMEN
Abstract Green synthesis has been introduced as an alternative to chemical synthesis due to the serious consequences. Metal nanoparticles synthesized through green approach have different pharmaceutical, medical and agricultural applications. The present study followed a green and simple route for the preparation of potentially bioactive gold nanoparticles (Au NPs). Au NPs were prepared via green synthesis approach using crude basic alkaloidal portion of the tuber of Delphinium chitralense. The green synthesized Au NPs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and UV-Visible spectrophotometer. Morphological analysis shows that Au NPs have cubic geometry with different sizes. UV-Vis spectroscopic analysis confirmed the synthesis of Au NPs while XRD proved their pure crystalline phase. The Au NPs showed promising dose dependent inhibition of both AChE and BChE as compared to the crude as well as standard drug.
Resumo A síntese verde foi introduzida como uma alternativa à síntese química devido às graves consequências. As nanopartículas metálicas sintetizadas através da abordagem verde têm diferentes aplicações farmacêuticas, médicas e agrícolas. O presente estudo seguiu uma rota verde e simples para a preparação de nanopartículas de ouro potencialmente bioativas (Au NPs). As NPs de Au foram preparadas via abordagem de síntese verde usando a porção alcaloide básica bruta do tubérculo de Delphinium chitralense. As NPs de Au sintetizadas verdes foram caracterizadas por microscopia eletrônica de transmissão (TEM), microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV), difração de raios X (DRX), infravermelho com transformada de Fourier (FTIR) e espectrofotômetro UV-Visível. A análise morfológica mostra que as NPs de Au possuem geometria cúbica com tamanhos diferentes. A análise espectroscópica UV-Vis confirmou a síntese de Au NPs enquanto a XRD provou sua fase cristalina pura. O Au NPs mostrou inibição dependente da dose promissora de AChE e BChE em comparação com a droga bruta e padrão.
RESUMEN
Photon upconversion taking place in small rare-earth-doped nanoparticles has been recently observed to be thermally modulated in an anomalous manner, showing thermal enhancement of the emission intensity. This effect was proved to be linked to the role of adsorbed water molecules as surface quenchers. The surface capping of the particles has a direct influence on the thermal dynamics of water adsorption and desorption, and therefore on the optical properties. Here, we show that the upconversion intensity of small-size (<25 nm) nanoparticles co-doped with Yb3+ and Er3+ ions, and functionalized with different capping molecules, presents clear irreversibility patterns upon thermal cycling that strongly depend on the chemical nature of the nanoparticle surface. By performing temperature-controlled luminescence measurements we observed the formation of a thermal hysteresis loop, resembling an optical switching phenomenon, whose shape and trajectory depend on the hydrophilicity of the surface. Additionally, an intensity overshoot takes place immediately after turning off the heating source, affecting each radiative transition differently. We performed numerical modelling to understand this effect considering non-radiative energy transfer from the surface defect states to the Er3+ ions. These findings are relevant for the comprehension of nanoparticle-based luminescence and the interplay between the surface and volume effects, and more generally, for applications involving UCNPs such as nanothermometry and bioimaging, and the development of optical encoding systems.
RESUMEN
B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL) is a hematological malignancy of immature B-cell precursors, affecting children more often than adults. The etiology of BCP-ALL is still unknown, but environmental factors, sex, race or ethnicity, and genomic alterations influence the development of the disease. Tools based on protein detection, such as flow cytometry, mass spectrometry, mass cytometry and reverse phase protein array, represent an opportunity to investigate BCP-ALL pathogenesis and to identify new biomarkers of disease. This review aims to document the recent advancements with respect to applications of proteomic technologies to study mechanisms of leukemogenesis, how this information could be used in the discovery of biological targets, and finally we describe the challenges of application of proteomic tools for the approach of BCP-ALL.