RESUMEN

Approximately 39 million people worldwide live with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and antiretroviral therapy (ART) has improved life expectancy for these individuals, with quality of life (QoL) being a crucial aspect. However, there is limited information on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) for institutionalized patients with HIV. This study used a cross-sectional design and included 43 residents of a non-governmental institution who had a confirmed HIV diagnosis and a history of intravenous drug use. The Spanish version of the Oral Health Index Profile-14 (OHIPsp) was used to assess the OHRQoL, with the 50th percentile serving as the cutoff for good or poor quality of life. All 43 patients had one or more oral lesions, with 44.1% having AIDS-related oral lesions (AROLs). Over half of the participants (48.8%) reported a poor OHRQoL, and females experienced worse quality of life in all dimensions compared to males. Subjects with AROLs were three times more likely to have poor OHRQoL than those without AROLs (p = 0.03; OR = 3.1 IC 1.04-9.6). These results highlight the need for a comprehensive treatment plan for patients with HIV that includes oral health, particularly for women living in precarious conditions or who are institutionalized. Improving oral health can significantly enhance quality of life.

RESUMEN

Foods of animal origin are increasingly considered a source of extended spectrum ß-lactamase (ESBL) producing bacteria which can disseminate throughout the food chain and become a health concern for humans. This work aimed to evaluate the occurrence of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli in 100 retail minced meat samples taken in markets in Pamplona, Colombia. A total of 19 ESBL-producing isolates were obtained, 18 identified as E. coli and one as E. fergusonii. Fifteen isolates (78.9 %) carried blaCTX-M and blaTEM genes, one (5.2 %) blaSHV and blaTEM genes, one isolate (5.2 %) carried blaCTX-M and one (5.2 %) blaSHV alone. The majority of CTX-M-positive E. coli isolates carried the blaCTX-M-15 gene (13 isolates), being the blaCTX-M-9, blaCTX-M-2, and blaCTX-M-8 (one isolate each) also detected. Two SHV-positive isolates presented the blaSHV-5 and blaSHV-12 allele. The isolate identified as E. fergusonii was positive for blaCTX-M-65 gene and mcr-1 gene. Sixteen isolates (84.2 %) belonged to phylogroups A and B1 and grouped together in the phylogenetic tree obtained by MLST; phylogroups E and F were also detected. Transfer of ESBL resistance was demonstrated for the E. fergusonii isolate. Whole genome sequencing of this isolate revealed the presence of plasmids carrying additional resistance genes. This investigation showed the high prevalence of ESBL-producing E. coli in retail samples of minced meat. Also, the isolation of a strain of E. fergusonii is an additional concern, as some resistance genes are located in mobile elements, which can be transmitted to other bacteria. These evidences support the increasing public health concern considering the spreading of resistance genes through the food chain.

Asunto(s)

Infecciones por Escherichia coli , Proteínas de Escherichia coli , Humanos , Animales , Escherichia coli , Colistina , Infecciones por Escherichia coli/microbiología , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Colombia , Filogenia , Tipificación de Secuencias Multilocus , Pollos/microbiología , beta-Lactamasas/genética , Carne/microbiología , Proteínas de Escherichia coli/genética , Plásmidos

RESUMEN

Using dielectric spectroscopy experiments performed at multiple temperatures and frequency ranges, we demonstrate how the chemotherapy drug paclitaxel changes the dynamic properties of water in a breast cancer cell line (MCF-7). From the measured data, we present evidence that treatment with paclitaxel leads to a slight increase in activation energy in a relaxation related to bulk-like water. More importantly, we also observe that paclitaxel changes the constraining imposed by the biological interfaces on hydration water, whose single-particle dynamics becomes slower and with higher activation energy. These variations are only observable after freezing the dynamics from other cellular components, such as proteins and DNAs, regardless of the state of the cells, that is, treated or not treated or even if the cells are no longer viable. Therefore, changes in water dynamics could be detected prior to those related to the global dynamics within the cellular environment.

RESUMEN

This work presents the synthesis of new poly(itaconate)s containing sulfone or nitrile pendant groups through conventional radical polymerization together with their characterization and comparison with poly(methacrylate)s containing identical groups. Structural and thermal characterization has been carried out in terms of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, nuclear magnetic resonance, and thermogravimetric analysis. Characterized by broad band dielectric spectroscopy (BDS), all polymers showed dielectric constant values between 7 and 10 (at 25 °C and 1 kHz) and relative low dielectric loss values (≈0.02). BDS measurements showed, for all the polymers analyzed, notorious subglass transitions even at temperatures below -100 °C, resulting in a broad temperature interval in which these polymers exhibit high dielectric constant and could work without high losses. Therefore, these materials seem to be good candidates for dielectric applications such as energy storage, among others.

RESUMEN

By means of electric force microscopy, composition depth profiles were measured with nanometric resolution for a series of fluorinated networks. By mapping the dielectric permittivity along a line going from the surface to the bulk, we were able to experimentally access to the fluorine concentration profile. Obtained data show composition gradient lengths ranging from 30 nm to 80 nm in the near surface area for samples containing from 0.5 to 5 wt. % F, respectively. In contrast, no gradients of concentration were detected in bulk. This method has several advantages over other techniques because it allows profiling directly on a sectional cut of the sample. By combining the obtained results with x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements, we were also able to quantify F/C ratio as a function of depth with nanoscale resolution.