RESUMEN
Since 2003, highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza viruses have caused outbreaks among poultry in Indonesia every year, producing the highest number of human victims worldwide. However, little is known about the H5N1 influenza viruses that have been circulating there in recent years. We therefore conducted surveillance studies and isolated eight H5N1 viruses from chickens. Phylogenic analysis of their hemagglutinin and neuraminidase genes revealed that all eight viruses belonged to clade 2.1.3. However, on the basis of nucleotide differences, these viruses could be divided into two groups. Other viruses genetically closely related to these two groups of viruses were all Indonesian isolates, suggesting that these new isolates have been evolving within Indonesia. Among these viruses, two distinct viruses circulated in the Kalimantan islands during the same season in 2010. Our data reveal the continued evolution of H5N1 viruses in Indonesia.
Asunto(s)
Subtipo H5N1 del Virus de la Influenza A/clasificación , Subtipo H5N1 del Virus de la Influenza A/genética , Gripe Aviar/epidemiología , Gripe Aviar/virología , Enfermedades de las Aves de Corral/epidemiología , Enfermedades de las Aves de Corral/virología , Animales , Pollos , Análisis por Conglomerados , Genotipo , Indonesia/epidemiología , Subtipo H5N1 del Virus de la Influenza A/aislamiento & purificación , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Filogenia , ARN Viral/genética , Análisis de Secuencia de ADNRESUMEN
Despite the high prevalence of highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza A viruses in Indonesia, epidemiology information on seasonal human influenza is lacking. The present authors, therefore, conducted virologic surveillance in Surabaya, East Java from October 2008 to March 2010. Influenza viruses, including pandemic (H1N1) 2009 viruses, were isolated from 71 of 635 individuals tested. Seasonal influenza peaked in the rainy season. Compared with seasonal influenza viruses, pandemic 2009 viruses were isolated from younger patients with milder symptoms. Given the high prevalence of H5N1 infections in humans, continued influenza surveillance is essential for pandemic preparedness.