RESUMEN

AIM: The aim of this randomised clinical trial was to compare the clinical and radiographic success rate of 5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and 20% Formocresol (FC) as a pulpotomy medicament in carious primary molars. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-four children aged 4-8 years with at least 2 primary molars indicated for pulpotomy were included in this study. Eighty-two teeth received either 5% NaOCl or 20% FC using split mouth design, followed by restoration with IRM base/stainless steel crown (SSC). Clinical and radiographic evaluations were performed at 3, 6 and 12 months. RESULTS: NaOCl and FC groups demonstrated 100% clinical success at 3 months. At 6 months, NaOCl showed 95% and 87.5% clinical and radiographic success rate respectively, while FC showed 95% clinical and radiographic success rate. After 12 months, the clinical and radiographic success rates were 94.6% and 86.5% respectively for NaOCl, and 92.1% and 86.8% for FC. CONCLUSION: The results of this study showed the success rate for NaOCl pulpotomy to be comparable to those for FC pulpotomy.

Asunto(s)

Formocresoles/uso terapéutico , Diente Molar/efectos de los fármacos , Pulpotomía/métodos , Irrigantes del Conducto Radicular/uso terapéutico , Hipoclorito de Sodio/uso terapéutico , Diente Primario/efectos de los fármacos , Niño , Preescolar , Coronas , Aleaciones Dentales/química , Caries Dental/terapia , Pulpa Dental/diagnóstico por imagen , Pulpa Dental/efectos de los fármacos , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Masculino , Metilmetacrilatos/uso terapéutico , Diente Molar/diagnóstico por imagen , Enfermedades Periapicales/diagnóstico por imagen , Estudios Prospectivos , Radiografía , Materiales de Obturación del Conducto Radicular/uso terapéutico , Acero Inoxidable/química , Raíz del Diente/diagnóstico por imagen , Diente Primario/diagnóstico por imagen , Resultado del Tratamiento , Cemento de Óxido de Zinc-Eugenol/uso terapéutico

RESUMEN

A survey was conducted at a poultry feed production unit in Kuwait for mycotoxin contamination in the samples of yellow maize, soybean meal, wheat bran used as raw material and the poultry feed prepared for broiler starter, broiler finisher, and layer mash. Individual aflatoxins were determined by high-pressure liquid chromatography after immunoaffinity column purification. Repeated analysis revealed average aflatoxin concentration in maize at 0.27 ppb (range 0 to 1.69 ppb), soybean meal at 0.20 ppb (range 0 to 1.27 ppb), wheat bran at 0.15 ppb (range 0 to 1.07 ppb), prepared poultry feed for broiler starter at 0.48 ppb (range 0 to 3.26 ppb), broiler finisher at 0.39 ppb (range 0 to 1.05 ppb), and layer mash at 0.21 ppb (range 0 to 1.30 ppb). Other mycotoxins (ochratoxin, fumonisin, deoxynivalenol (DON), and zearalenone), were detected by quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The average levels of ochratoxin A ranged from 4.6 to 9.6 ppb, fumonisin from 1.4 to 3.2 ppm, DON from 0.17 to 0.29 ppm, and zearalenone from 46.4 to 67.6 ppb in various commodities and prepared feed samples. The study revealed the coexistence of determined mycotoxins, although their concentrations in general were found to be lower than the permissible levels, wherever defined, for the poultry feed.

Asunto(s)

Alimentación Animal/análisis , Contaminación de Alimentos/análisis , Micotoxinas/análisis , Aves de Corral , Animales , Kuwait , Glycine max , Zea mays

RESUMEN

If given in high doses, methotrexate (MTX), a folate antagonist, could cause pulmonary complications. To evaluate the pulmonary effects of low-dose methotrexate, 55 newly diagnosed patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) prescribed with MTX were studied prospectively. A significant reduction in percent predicted values of forced expiratory volume (FEV(1)), forced vital capacity (FVC), total lung capacity (TLC), and functional residual capacity (FRC) was observed after 2 years of MTX treatment. A significant increase in the FEV(1):FVC ratio was also observed. In comparison to the normal annual decline in healthy adults, the actual reduction in observed values in the patients was significantly greater (3.2, 6.3, and 6.7 times normal for FEV(1), FVC, and TLC, respectively). PaO(2) and oxygen saturation showed marginal but significant improvement. It was concluded that low-dose MTX treatment in RA might cause an accelerated decline in lung function. Therefore, periodic monitoring of pulmonary function among RA patients started on MTX could be necessary.

Asunto(s)

Artritis Reumatoide/tratamiento farmacológico , Pulmón/efectos de los fármacos , Metotrexato/efectos adversos , Artritis Reumatoide/diagnóstico , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Intervalos de Confianza , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Esquema de Medicación , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Masculino , Metotrexato/administración & dosificación , Probabilidad , Estudios Prospectivos , Valores de Referencia , Pruebas de Función Respiratoria , Medición de Riesgo , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Estadísticas no Paramétricas , Resultado del Tratamiento

RESUMEN

Benign hypergammaglobulinemic purpura of Waldenström (HGPW) is an uncommon cause of non-thrombocytopaenic purpura that may create diagnostic difficulties. The presence of constitutional symptoms associated with prominent immunological abnormalities may raise alarm, leading to extensive and often unnecessary investigations. This report describes 3 young women with HGPW. Clinical features were characterised by recurrent episodes of bilateral asymmetrical palpable purpuric lesions on the lower extremities that were precipitated by a prolonged increase in hydrostatic pressure (e.g. prolonged standing, tight stockings etc.) associated with constitutional features. In one patient the condition was secondary to Sjögren's syndrome with type IV renal tubular acidosis. Laboratory abnormalities included a persistently elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, marked polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia, and high titers of rheumatoid factor and anti-nuclear antibody of the anti-SSA (anti-Ro)/anti-SSB(anti-La) subsets. This topic is reviewed briefly with the emphasis that in its 'primary' form this condition could be considered a 'benign' systemic immunoinflammatory disease that requires neither extensive investigations nor any aggressive form of therapy. Greater awareness of HGPW may increase the frequency of its diagnosis, especially in the patient group with non-thrombocytopenic purpura or the so-called cutaneous vasculitic syndromes with 'palpable purpura'.

Asunto(s)

Púrpura Hiperglobulinémica/diagnóstico , Macroglobulinemia de Waldenström/diagnóstico , Adolescente , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Púrpura Hiperglobulinémica/etiología , Síndrome de Sjögren/complicaciones , Macroglobulinemia de Waldenström/complicaciones , gammaglobulinas/metabolismo

RESUMEN

We studied variations in the optical properties of the compound eyes of Uca lactea annulipes using in vivo optical and histological techniques. The distribution of resolving power in the eyes of this fiddler crab species is typical for arthropods that inhabit flat environments: the eyes possess a panoramic equatorial acute zone for vertical resolution and a steep decrease of resolution away from the eye equator in the dorsal and ventral visual fields. The dimensions of the cellular components of the ommatidia vary accordingly: in the equatorial part of the eyes, facets are larger, and crystalline cones and rhabdoms are longer than in the dorsal and ventral parts of the eyes. Along the eye equator, horizontal resolution is low compared with vertical resolution and varies little throughout the visual field. The eyes of Uca lactea annulipes are unusual in that the gradient of vertical anatomical and optical resolution is steeper in the dorsal than in the ventral visual field. We interpret this difference as indicating that the information content of the world as seen by the crabs differs above and below the horizon line in specific and predictable ways.