RESUMEN
AIM: To assess the penetration and microleakage of a resin infiltrant for the prevention of noncavitated white lesion progression in the fissure system of permanent teeth and compare it to a conventional sealant. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty extracted permanent teeth with artificially produced noncavitated white lesions were randomly distributed according to the restorative material into group I (experimental) which received ICON resin infiltration, and group II (control) which received Helioseal F fissure sealant. For the penetration test, restorative materials were mixed with a fluorescent dye (eosin H) before light curing; roots were then amputated, and three buccopalatal microscopic sections were obtained from each tooth. These were dipped in 0.001 mg of ethanolic sodium fluorescence solution. Material penetration depth was assessed through confocal microscopy. Thirty teeth (15 from each group) underwent a microleakage test. Teeth were thermocycled, and then immersed in 50% silver nitrate (AgNO3) solution for 3 hours. Microleakage was evaluated using X-ray microtomography (micro-CT); AgNO3 presence between the material and the tooth surface indicated microleakage. RESULTS: The mean material penetration value in teeth treated with ICON (104.8571 ± 7.63360 µm) was significantly higher than that in teeth treated with Helioseal F (5.3158 ± 3.83825 µm) (p < 0.001). The mean microleakage value in demineralized enamel treated with Helioseal F (0.2238 ± 0.12561) was significantly greater than that in demineralized enamel treated with ICON (0.0119 ± 0.0097) (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: ICON displayed more penetration and less microleakage than Helioseal F in pits and fissures of permanent teeth. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Resin infiltrant showed superior retention and can provide a good alternative for adhesives and fissure sealants. How to cite this article: Al-Tuwirqi AA, Alshammari AM, Felemban OM, et al. Comparison of Penetration Depth and Microleakage of Resin Infiltrant and Conventional Sealant in Pits and Fissures of Permanent Teeth In Vitro. J Contemp Dent Pract 2019;20(11):1339-1344.