RESUMEN
Background: Some synthetic dyes used mainly in textile industries have been associated with endocrine disruption, resulting in infertility, among other disorders. It is unknown if occupational exposure to Vat textile dyes among premenopausal dyers alters hormonal levels. Objectives: We aimed at determining the probable effects of occupational exposure to Vat dyes on reproductive hormones of female textile dyers in the follicular and luteal phases while relating this to age categories and duration of exposure. Methods: Thirty-three premenopausal Vat textile dyers at "Itoku", Abeokuta, Nigeria, among a population of about 80 female dyers were age and sex-matched with 55 non-exposed (control) female participants. Using semi-structured questionnaires, socio-demographic, occupational details and the LMP of participants were obtained. Serum samples were collected in follicular and luteal phases and assayed for female sex hormones using Enzyme Immunoassay. Mann-Whitney U and Z- statistic were used for comparison of the two groups. P-value < 0.05 was considered to be significant. Results: In the follicular phase, the result showed a lower mean FSH ranking (in age category ≤20 years) and higher (p<0.05) Estradiol ranking (in age category 31-40 years) in the exposed than the unexposed. Mean ranks of Progesterone and Estradiol in the luteal phase (age category 31-40 years) were higher (p<0.05) in the exposed, while Estradiol (age category ≥41years) ranked lower (p<0.05). Prolactin demonstrated a significant inverse relationship with the duration of exposure. Conclusion: Occupational exposure to Vat dye among female dyers in Abeokuta is associated with some sex hormone disruption which appears to be age and duration of exposure-related.
Asunto(s)
Colorantes , Exposición Profesional , Industria Textil , Humanos , Femenino , Adulto , Nigeria , Colorantes/efectos adversos , Exposición Profesional/efectos adversos , Exposición Profesional/análisis , Estradiol/sangre , Progesterona/sangre , Fase Luteínica/sangre , Hormona Folículo Estimulante/sangre , Fase Folicular/sangre , Adulto Joven , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Persona de Mediana Edad , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Hormona Luteinizante/sangreRESUMEN
Information about heavy metal burden of children in Nigeria related to playground soils and classroom dusts is lacking. Playground soil, classroom dust, blood and spot urine samples (n=253) were collected from 6 urban and 2 semi-rural public schools in Ibadan North-West, Nigeria. Samples were analysed for Pb, Cu, Zn, Fe and Mn. Mean blood Pb levels in urban area (male, 41.66±8.78µg/dl vs. female, 40.64±5.46µg/dl) were twice as high as those in semi-rural area (male, 19.71±3.73µg/dl vs. female, 20.65±2.26µg/dl). Concentrations of Pb, Cu, Zn, and Fe in soil and dust samples in the urban schools were between 2- to 4-fold greater than that of semi-rural schools. No correlation was observed between blood and dust metals. A positive correlation (r=0.168, p=0.008) was observed between blood Pb and playground soil Pb. Pb burden in the children might be from their schools' playgrounds and other yet unidentified sources.
Asunto(s)
Contaminantes Ambientales/sangre , Contaminantes Ambientales/orina , Metales Pesados/sangre , Metales Pesados/orina , Instituciones Académicas , Adolescente , Niño , Preescolar , Polvo/análisis , Monitoreo del Ambiente , Contaminantes Ambientales/análisis , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Metales Pesados/análisis , Nigeria , Recreación , Suelo/químicaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Data on comparative outcomes of abdominal myomectomy for varying uterine sizes that could guide informed decision by women and clinicians in resource-constrained settings are scarce. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate safety of abdominal myomectomy and compare perioperative morbidities for women with very large uterine size (≥20 weeks) with that of women with smaller uterine size (<20 weeks) in a developing country hospital. METHODS: Retrospective and comparative chart review of 224 women with uterine sizes between 12 and 36 weeks who had abdominal myomectomy performed at a Nigerian university hospital. Primary outcome measure was overall perioperative morbidity, with the following secondary outcomes: hemorrhage, febrile morbidity, unintended major surgical procedures, life-threatening events, and rehospitalization (according to validated criteria). Other variables included operating time, estimated blood loss, wound complications and postoperative hospital stay. RESULTS: Overall morbidity occurred in 31.7% of women with hemorrhage (20.5%) and febrile morbidity (16.1%) being leading contributors. Unintended procedures (0.9%) and life-threatening events (1.8%) were rare and no death was recorded. Forty women (17.9%) had blood loss ≥ 1 l and 11.6% received homologous blood transfusion. Overall morbidity and all secondary morbidity outcomes (according to predefined criteria) were comparable between women with very large uterine size and those with smaller uteri. However, the mean blood loss was significantly more and the procedure and average hospital stay were significantly longer in women with very large uterine size. CONCLUSION: Abdominal myomectomy in this setting is associated with significant but acceptable perioperative morbidity. Increased uterine size does not significantly affect clinically important morbidities and women with very large uterine size should not be denied this procedure for safety concerns.