RESUMEN
Backgroud: Sports participation is a healthy behaviour but it is not without the risk of injuries. Information on the extent of sport participation and sport injuries among Nigerian Unversity students is sparse. Objeclive: To determine the prevalence and types of sport participation and injuries among university.students in Nigeria. Factors associated with sport participation among students were also examined. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a self-administered questionnaire to collect information on the frequcncy and types of sport participation and sport-related injuries among a representative sample of undergraduate students of the University of Lagos, Nigeria. Resuts: A sport participation prevalence of 64.2% (95%CI: 59.5 - 68.7) was recorded among students. Football (soccer) (53.2%) had the highest participation rate. Male students (78.4% vs.41.2%) participated more frequently in sports (p <0.001). Overall injury rate was 52.5 injuries/100 students/ year (95%CI: 46.5 - 58.5). The prevalence of injury was 45.7% in male and 12.7% in female students. About half (49.3%) of reported injuries resulted in time loss. The leg and ankle were the most frequently injured body parts for all injuries and most serious injuries. Football recorded the highest prevalence of injury (73.8%). CONCLUSION: Sport participation among students was fair and injury rate was considerably high, mostly affecting the lower extremity and most injuries resulting from football participation. This study suggests the need for improved sport participation support among students and the need for the initiation of injury prevention initiatives by stakeholders.
Asunto(s)
Traumatismos en Atletas/epidemiología , Deportes/estadística & datos numéricos , Estudiantes/estadística & datos numéricos , Adolescente , Adulto , Baloncesto/lesiones , Baloncesto/estadística & datos numéricos , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Nigeria/epidemiología , Distribución por Sexo , Fútbol/lesiones , Fútbol/estadística & datos numéricos , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Tenis/lesiones , Tenis/estadística & datos numéricos , Atletismo/lesiones , Atletismo/estadística & datos numéricos , Universidades , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Objective:Arterial hypertension is a medical condition associated with increased risks of of death, cardiovascular mortality and cardiovascular morbidity including stroke, coronary heart disease, atrial fibrillation and renal insufficiency. Regular physical exercise is considered to be an important part of the non-pharmacologictreatment of hypertension. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of dance movement therapy (DMT) on selected cardiovascular parameters and estimated maximum oxygen consumption in hypertensive patients. METHODS: Fifty (50) subjects with hypertension participated in the study. They were randomly assigned to 2 equal groups; A (DMT group) and B (Control group). Group A carried out dance movement therapy 2 times a week for 4 weeks while group B underwent some educational sessions 2 times a week for the same duration. All the subjects were on anti-hypertensive drugs. 38 subjects completed the study with the DMTgroup having a total of 23 subjects (10 males and 13 females) and the control group 15 subjects (6 males and 9 females). Descriptive statistics of mean, standard deviation and inferential statistics of paired and independentt-testwere used for data analysis. RESULTS: Following four weeks of dance movement therapy, paired t-test analysis showed that there was a statistically significant difference in the Resting systolic blood pressure (RSBP) (p < 0.001*), Resting diastolic blood pressure (RDBP) (p < 0.001*), Resting heart rate (RHR) (p = 0.024*), Maximum heart rate (MHR) (p=0.002*) and Estimated oxygen consumption (VO2max) (p = 0.023*) in subjects in group A (p < 0.05) while there was no significant difference observed in outcome variables of subjects in group B (p > 0.05). Independent t-test analysis between the differences in the pre and post intervention scores of groups A and B also showed statistically significant differences in all the outcome variables (p <0.05). CONCLUSION: DMT was effective in improving cardiovascular parameters and estimated maximum oxygen consumption in hypertensive patients.
Asunto(s)
Danzaterapia/métodos , Hipertensión/terapia , Adulto , Antihipertensivos/uso terapéutico , Femenino , Hemodinámica , Humanos , Hipertensión/tratamiento farmacológico , Hipertensión/fisiopatología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Consumo de OxígenoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Prospective studies on football injuries and their risk factors in the African setting are sparse. Such studies are needed to understand the peculiarities of injuries and hence proffer appropriate intervention for injury prevention in the region. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the incidence and characteristics of match injuries during the 2011 West Africa Football Union (WAFU) cup. METHODS: Team physiotherapists from the participating teams documented all newly incurred injuries on standardised injury report forms using the Federation of International Football Association's (FIFA) Medical Assessment and Research Centre protocols. RESULTS: An overall of 89 injuries were sustained during the tournament, resulting in 9.9 injuries per match or 289 injuries per 1000 player hours. Seventeen (19.1%) of these injuries resulted in loss of competition activity (time-loss), equivalent to 1.9 injuries per match or 55.2 injuries per 1000 player hours. Over three quarters (73; 82%) of injuries were incurred through contact with another player. The lower leg accounted for almost a quarter of all injuries (21; 23.6%) while the knee recorded the highest number of time-loss injuries (5; 29.4%). The most frequent types of injury were contusion (61; 68.5%) and strain (13; 14.6%). CONCLUSION: The overall incidence of injuries during the WAFU cup was much higher than those of other tournaments ever documented but the characteristics of injuries were similar. In order to fully define the nature of injuries and more reliably identify the risk of injury for the establishment of injury prevention strategies that will be appropriate for this region of the world, it is imperative that further systematic injury recording and analysis in African players are carried out.
Asunto(s)
Fútbol/lesiones , África Occidental/epidemiología , Traumatismos del Tobillo/epidemiología , Contusiones/epidemiología , Traumatismos Craneocerebrales/epidemiología , Humanos , Incidencia , Traumatismos de la Rodilla/epidemiología , Masculino , Traumatismos del Cuello/epidemiología , Estudios Prospectivos , Esguinces y Distensiones/epidemiología , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Although total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is considered the treatment of choice for patients with intractable pain and substantial functional disabilities who have not had acceptable relief and functional improvement after conservative treatment. It was found out that patients with total knee arthroplasty need physiotherapy intervention for pre-operative and post-operative management. OBJECTIVES: To take a critical look at the importance of TKA following destruction of the knee joint, its indications and contraindications and to ascertain the current trend involved in the physiotherapy management of TKA. METHODS: The current literature materials on physiotherapy management of TKA was reviewed. RESULTS: The aim of treatment is to maximize functionality and independence and to minimize complication such as deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism by relieving pain using cryotherapy, improving range of motion with mobilization techniques, muscle strengthening, therapeutic exercise, transfer training, gait training and training of activities of daily living. These are administered as home programme or in organized groups led by a physiotherapist and has been shown to improve outcome related to physical activity after knee joint arthroplasty. CONCLUSION: It was concluded that interventions, including physiotherapy and functional exercises after discharge, is still beneficial after TKA.
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Artroplastia de Reemplazo de Rodilla/efectos adversos , Artroplastia de Reemplazo de Rodilla/rehabilitación , Articulación de la Rodilla/cirugía , Osteoartritis de la Rodilla/cirugía , Modalidades de Fisioterapia , Humanos , Articulación de la Rodilla/fisiopatología , Cuidados Posoperatorios , Cuidados Preoperatorios , Recuperación de la Función , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Participation in physical activity (PA) and healthy nutrition are important factors that affects muscle and bone strength and the resultant functioning in the activities of daily living (ADL) skills including the overall quality of life (QoL) of geriatric individuals. However, the relationships between all these parameters are yet to be fully documented and studies from developing countries are lacking. OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to investigate the relationships between PA level, frequency of nutritional intake of food rich in calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, vitamin D and the basic ADL, instrumental ADL and QoL of geriatric individuals in Lagos, Nigeria. METHODS: A cross-sectional study involving 394 geriatric individuals. A combination of standardized questionnaires which assessed the socio-demographic parameters, PA level, frequency of intake of food rich in calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, vitamin D, ADL skills, and QoL of the geriatric individuals was used. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson's chi-square. RESULTS: The highest proportion (35.5%) of participating geriatric individuals was at the active PA level. PA level was statistically associated with QoL, basic and instrumental ADL, (X2 = 199.57, p = 0.001; X2 = 87.07, p = 0.000; and X2 = 164.53, p = 0.001 respectively). There was also an association between frequency of intake of food rich in calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, vitamin D and the basic ADL (X2 = 97.43, p = 0.001), instrumental ADL (X2 = 151.56, p = 0.001) and QoL (X2 = 250.21, p = 0.001) of the studied geriatric individuals. CONCLUSION: The study demonstrated that an increase in PA level and regular intake of food rich in calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, vitamin D were associated with optimal functional status and better QoL in geriatric individuals. Educational programmes on the importance of participation in regular PA and healthy nutrition are imperative and recommended for geriatric individuals.
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Actividades Cotidianas , Ejercicio Físico , Estado Nutricional , Calidad de Vida , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Estudios Transversales , Ingestión de Alimentos , Femenino , Evaluación Geriátrica , Humanos , Estilo de Vida , Masculino , Nigeria , Factores Socioeconómicos , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Patients undergoing intrasound therapy are often concurrently on NSAIDs. The effect of varied intensities of intrasound therapy with NSAIDs on tendon healing is yet to be determined. OBJECTIVE: The study investigated the effects of a concurrent admistration of low and high intensity intrasound therapy (LIRT&HIRT) with indomethacin (Indocid) on the morphology of the tendon in the early stage of healing. METHODS: Thirty five male rats were divided randomly into seven groups; groups 2-6 underwent an induced crush injury. Group 1, nil injury and nil treatment. Group 2: injury but nil treatment. Group 3: Indomethacin only. Group 4: LIRT only, Group 5: Indocidand LIRT, Group 6: HIRT, Group 7: Indocid and HIRT. Intrasound therapy (IRT) commenced 24 hours post-injury and was given alternate days for the first 10 days post injury. Indocid was given at a dosage of 0.4 mg/kg body weight daily. On the 11 day post injury, the animals were sacrificed and the tendons excised and processed for histological study. RESULTS: Indocid significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the tenocyte population when combined with LIRT but marginally increased it when combined with HIRT (p > 0.05). There was significant difference in the tenocyte population between the combined Indocid and LIRT and the combined Indocid and HIRT groups (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: High intensity intrasound given concurrently with oral indomethacin resulted in tenoblast proliferation and promoted healing in the injured tendon.
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Tendón Calcáneo/lesiones , Antiinflamatorios no Esteroideos/uso terapéutico , Indometacina/uso terapéutico , Traumatismos de los Tendones/terapia , Terapia por Ultrasonido , Animales , Masculino , Ratas , Ratas Sprague-DawleyRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the possession and use of walking aids among patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA), and to identify factors contributing to possession and actual use of these aids METHODS: A random sample of 90 patients with OA was derived from a database of 3,500 registered patients. A total of 80 (88.8%) patients with OA completed a questionnaire on possession and use of walking aids. Demographics, disease-related characteristics, and information about possession and use were assessed. Logistic regression analyses were used to determine which factors are associated with the possession and use of walking aids. RESULTS: Sixty (75%) of the OA patients owned a walking aid. Canes, forearm crutches and walkers were most frequently possessed. Age, frequency of pain, and disability were associated with possessing a walking aid. Of the sixty patients that possess walking aid 25 (41.7%) of them are active walking aid users while the remaining 58.3% are non users. Factors associated with the actual use of an aid included higher age, a high intensity of pain, more disability, decrease in morning stiffness by the aid, and a positive evaluation of the aid CONCLUSION: More than half of the patients with OA possess a walking aid. Disability, pain, and age-related impairments seem to determine the need for a walking aid. Nonuse is associated with less need, negative outcome, and negative evaluation of the walking
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Bastones/estadística & datos numéricos , Deambulación Dependiente , Limitación de la Movilidad , Osteoartritis de la Rodilla , Actividades Cotidianas , Anciano , Intervalos de Confianza , Bases de Datos como Asunto , Evaluación de la Discapacidad , Personas con Discapacidad , Femenino , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Factores de Riesgo , Estadística como Asunto , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Studies have shown that there is a relationship between back pain and long hours of driving among commercial motor drivers (CMDs). It has also been reported that a high number of CMDs suffer from low back pain (LBP) with loss of working hours. However, little is known about the prevalence of back pain among the motorcyclists particularly the commercial motorcyclists (CMCs). OBJECTIVE: To determine and compare the prevalence of back pain among CMDs and CMCs in Lagos state. METHODS: A structured questionnaire was administered to 400 each of CMDs and CMCs. The questionnaire contained four sections of30 items. The respondents were requested to provide information on age, sex, working hour/day, associated back pain and location, pain severity and knowledge of preventive measures. Five hundred and ninety nine returned copies of the questionnaire were analyzed using descriptive statistics. RESULTS: The prevalence of back pain was 193 (64.5%) and 180 (60%) among the CMDs and CMCs respectively. One hundred and seventy eight (59.3%) and 129 (43%) of those who reported back pain among the CMDs and CMCs, complained of LBP. The occurrence of upper back/neck pain was higher in the CMCs {41 (13.7%)} than the CMDs {5 (1.7%)}. Very few respondents {21 (7%) CMDs, and 4 (1.3%) CMCs} were aware of backpain preventive measures and none of the CMCs had formal ergonomics instructions at workplace. CONCLUSION: Back pain was a common phenomenon among CMDs and CMCs; while LBP was more prevalent among CMDs, upper back/neck pain was more prevalent among CMCs. Practically, the result of this study can help in preventing occupational injury associated with driving/riding with emphases on good sitting posture.
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Buceo/efectos adversos , Dolor de la Región Lumbar/epidemiología , Motocicletas , Enfermedades Profesionales/epidemiología , Exposición Profesional/efectos adversos , Adulto , Ergonomía , Femenino , Encuestas Epidemiológicas , Humanos , Dolor de la Región Lumbar/etiología , Masculino , Vehículos a Motor , Nigeria/epidemiología , Enfermedades Profesionales/etiología , Dimensión del Dolor , Prevalencia , Factores de Riesgo , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Erb's Duchenne paralysis constitutes the single commonest form of brachial plexus injury. Treatment intervention is mainly by physical therapy and surgery. Popular or conventional physiotherapy approaches include exercise therapy, tactile stimulation, soft tissue manipulation techniques and functional splinting. The role of electrical stimulation has been reported in literature but not without differing opinions on its efficacy in early resolution of infantile Erbs palsy. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study is to compare the effects of electrical stimulation and conventional physiotherapy in the early resolution of function in infantile brachial plexus lesion. METHODS: Sixteen subjects who were diagnosed to have Erb's palsy were assigned randomly into two groups; A (n = 8) and B (n = 8). While group A was treated with electrical stimulation, group B had conventional physiotherapy treatment. Both groups were seen three times weekly and the study lasted 6 weeks. Four functional variables measured include (a) Shoulder Abduction, (b) Elbow flexion, (c) Wrist extension and (d) Arm circumference (6cm distal to the acromion process). These were evaluated at the baseline (pre-study), 3 weeks into the study and 6 weeks (end of study) periods. RESULTS: Functional variables did not differ significantly among the groups at the baseline (p > 0.05), shoulder range of motion showed significantly higher increase in group A. At the end of the 6-week intervention, statistically significant differences, with higher increase in group A than group B, were found in all the variables. CONCLUSION: The outcome of this study suggests that functional electrical stimulation may be preferred to conventional approach in the course of rehabilitation for an early resolution of function in Erbs paralysis.
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Neuropatías del Plexo Braquial/rehabilitación , Terapia por Estimulación Eléctrica/efectos adversos , Parálisis/terapia , Modalidades de Fisioterapia/efectos adversos , Neuropatías del Plexo Braquial/terapia , Femenino , Humanos , Recién Nacido , Masculino , Destreza Motora , Parálisis/rehabilitación , Rango del Movimiento Articular , Articulación del Hombro/fisiopatología , Resultado del Tratamiento , Articulación de la Muñeca/fisiopatologíaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Many treatment options, including non-pharmacological and pharmacological measures, have been recommended in the management of osteoarthritis (OA). Among the non-pharmacological approach is physiotherapy, which involves the use of physical modalities like, heat therapy, exercise therapy, electrical stimulation, therapeutic ultrasound, iontophoresis, and phonophoresis. This study was therefore designed to compare the effectiveness of 0.4% Dexamethasone sodium phosphate (DEX-P) phonophoresis (PH) with 0.4% DEX-P iontophoresis (ION) therapy in the management of patients with knee joint OA. METHODS: Fifty patients (19 males and 31 females) with a mean age of 53.6 +/- 8.9 years were randomly assigned to PH or ION groups with 25 patients in each group. Ultrasound waves of 1 MHz frequency was applied for 5 minutes to the target knee, so also was the direct current for 10 minutes for 10 sessions treatment period. Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) scores, 20 meters ambulatory time, and knee range of motion (ROM) were evaluated before and after therapy as the outcome measures. RESULTS: At the end of two weeks, significant improvement in total WOMAC scores was observed in 15 (60%) and 16 (64%) patients in the PH and ION groups respectively, indicating no significant difference in the improvement rate. Twenty (20) metres ambulatory time and knee range of motion also improved significantly in both groups, yet these variables showed no significant difference between the two groups. CONCLUSION: Both therapeutic modalities were found to be effective and generally well tolerated after 10 treatment sessions. DEX-P phonophoresis was not superior to DEX-P iontophoresis in the treatment of patients with OA of the knee.
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Iontoforesis , Osteoartritis de la Rodilla/terapia , Fonoforesis , Adulto , Anciano , Antiinflamatorios/uso terapéutico , Dexametasona/análogos & derivados , Dexametasona/uso terapéutico , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: This study investigated the effects of 3 different traction weights on neck pain and range of motion/mobility. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ninety subjects, 42 men and 48 women, with neck pain due to cervical spondylosis participated in the study. They were assigned into three groups, each of which was subjected to a different cervical traction(CT) weight namely: group A = 7.5% total body weight(TBW), group B = 10%TBW, and group C =15%TBW CT respectively. Pain intensity and neck mobility, pre-treatment and post-treatment, were assessed using visual analogue scale(VAS) and universal goniometer respectively. RESULTS: There was no significant difference(p < 0.05) pre-treatment, but existed post-treatment (p < 0.05) between the groups for neck pain and mobility. Nineteen subjects had reactions due to the CT application: 3,5 and 11 in groups A,B and C respectively. The least reactions were recorded with the use of 7.5% TBW traction and the highest with the 15% TBW traction. The 10%TBW CT recorded the most significant pain relief and neck flexibility/mobility compared with the 7.5% TBW and 15% TBW CT therapy. CONCLUSION: This study established the 10% TBW CT as the ideal weight with minimal side effects and with highest therapeutic efficacy. Therefore clinicians could adopt this weight in managing neck disorders requiring traction.
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Dolor de Cuello/terapia , Cuello/fisiopatología , Osteofitosis Vertebral/fisiopatología , Osteofitosis Vertebral/terapia , Tracción/normas , Adulto , Artrometría Articular , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Dolor de Cuello/fisiopatología , Dimensión del Dolor , Rango del Movimiento ArticularRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: There is currently no consensus among the clinicians regarding the tractive force to be employed during cervical traction (CT) that will correlate precisely with the percentage body weight of the patient and reduce the side effects associated with CT therapy. OBJECTIVE: This study therefore aimed to investigate the response of cervical spondylosis (CS) patients to different CT weights and to establish the effect of CT on the cardiovascular system of patients with cervical spondylosis (CS). METHODS: Sixty out of 78 subjects participated in the study. They were randomly assigned into three experimental groups A, B and C. Their systolic and diastolic blood pressures (SBP and DBP) and heart rates (HR) were measured. Rate pressure product (RPP) was calculated using standard equation18 and ECG recorded using the KENZ, 201 machine. Subjects' cardiovascular and ECG responses were monitored in a supine resting position (baseline) and under three experimental conditions using the subjects' 7.5% kg total body weights (TBW), 10% kg TBW and 15% TBW at different time intervals (5, 10 and 15 minutes respectively). RESULTS: Compared with the baseline values, there was a drop in SBP, DBP and RPP for all subjects in the three groups. The SBP, DBP and RPP alteration were not significant for the 7.5% TBW CT, but significant (p <0.05) for the 10% and 15% TBW tractions. The HR and ECG variables revealed no significant difference in all the groups, these results signified that the cardiac muscles were not adversely affected by any of the traction weights during application. Twenty subjects had side-effects including 5 subjects that terminated the treatment due to pain during the CT application. CONCLUSIONS: Cardiovascular alterations do occur during the application of cervical traction weights resulting in untoward patient's reactions. Efforts should be made to monitor the cardiovascular variables during and immediately after CT especially in "high risk" patients, that is, elderly patients and patients with unstable cardiovascular systems.
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Fenómenos Fisiológicos Cardiovasculares , Vértebras Cervicales , Osteofitosis Vertebral/terapia , Tracción/efectos adversos , Adulto , Anciano , Presión Sanguínea/fisiología , Electrocardiografía , Femenino , Frecuencia Cardíaca/fisiología , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of balance exercise on some selected kinematic gait parameters in patients with knee joint osteoarthritis. Forty subjects (18 men and 22 women) participated in the study. They were divided into two groups: Group 1 (experimental) that was treated with balance exercises; thermal therapy and soft tissue massage; Group 2 (control); treated with thermal therapy and soft tissue massage without balance exercise. Gait analysis was done from footprints on a 900cm walking paper and functional balance was assessed using the Berg Balance Scale. The result showed a significant difference (P0.05) in all the gait parameters except step width and foot angle for group 1 and only walking velocity for group 2. The functional balance was significantly different in group 1 and not in group 2 comparing the pre and post treatment variables. It was concluded that balance exercise is effective in improving the functional ambulation of patient with knee osteoarthritis and should be an integral part of the patient rehabilitation