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Objectives: Attention is an essential part of cognitive functions for all learning in the school environment. The screening of attentional deficits constitutes an important field of research, given its relationship with other cognitive functions and the neurocognitive profiling of Moroccan adolescents in school. Materials and Methods: A study was conducted over 3 months. A comparative and predictive method is used, the Bells test, to assess the state of neglect of these students, as well as the detection of attention deficit. Results: Two hundred and fifty students participated, including 152 girls [60.4%] and 98 boys [39.6%], the average age is 16.77 ± 1.23 years, range: 14-21, divided into three school levels: Common core (TC) 27.6%, 1st-year baccalaureate 50.8%, and 2nd-year baccalaureate 21.6%. This study found that 18.4% of the students had attentional deficits and 4% had a unilateral spatial neglect pattern in young adolescents in school. Conclusion: The Bells Test is a useful screening tool to detect these attentional deficits. This implies that attentional disorders negatively influence the academic and motor performance of the subjects. This implies that attentional disorders negatively influence the academic and motor performance of the subjects and, therefore, increase the percentage of school failure.

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Background and Objectives: Alzheimer's disease (AD) stands as a pervasive neurodegenerative ailment of global concern, necessitating a relentless pursuit of remedies. This study aims to furnish a comprehensive exposition, delving into the intricate mechanistic actions of medicinal herbs and phytochemicals. Furthermore, we assess the potential of these compounds in inhibiting human acetylcholinesterase through molecular docking, presenting encouraging avenues for AD therapeutics. Materials and Methods: Our approach entailed a systematic exploration of phytochemicals like curcumin, gedunin, quercetin, resveratrol, nobiletin, fisetin, and berberine, targeting their capability as human acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors, leveraging the PubChem database. Diverse bioinformatics techniques were harnessed to scrutinize molecular docking, ADMET (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity), and adherence to Lipinski's rule of five. Results: Results notably underscored the substantial binding affinities of all ligands with specific amino acid residues within AChE. Remarkably, gedunin exhibited a superior binding affinity (-8.7 kcal/mol) compared to the reference standard. Conclusions: These outcomes accentuate the potential of these seven compounds as viable candidates for oral medication in AD treatment. Notably, both resveratrol and berberine demonstrated the capacity to traverse the blood-brain barrier (BBB), signaling their aptitude for central nervous system targeting. Consequently, these seven molecules are considered orally druggable, potentially surpassing the efficacy of the conventional drug, donepezil, in managing neurodegenerative disorders.

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Introduction: substance use disorders are becoming increasingly common among schizophrenic patients and often raise problems in their care. This work aims to assess the rate and level of substance use in schizophrenic patients hospitalized for relapse and to identify factors associated with this comorbidity. Methods: we conducted a cross-sectional study of 115 patients with schizophrenia selected by convenience sampling in the Psychiatric Hospital of Salé. A questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic data, evolutionary and prognostic criteria of the disease. Tobacco use was assessed with the fagerström test for nicotine dependence (FTND), cannabis use was assessed with the cannabis abuse screening test (CAST) and alcohol use was assessed with the alcohol use disorders test (AUDIT). Results: the results showed that tobacco was the most consumed substance, followed by cannabis and alcohol. Certain factors such as gender (P<0.016) and family smoking history (P<0.045) were significantly associated with the scale (FTND). Other factors such as social life (P<0.05) and the educational level (P<0.004) showed a significant association with CAST. Only a history of suicide attempts was significantly associated with the scale (AUDIT). Conclusion: the results confirm that the majority of schizophrenic subjects are psychoactive substance users and that a good number of them are dependent on substances. Early outpatient follow-up in specialized drug treatment centers could improve the health status of these patients.

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Introduction: the global pandemic of COVID-19 is the unique health crisis, the populations were exposed to situations of unprecedented confinement, this represents a major public health challenge, with a high risk of developing musculoskeletal disorders. The objective of the present work is to identify the potential effects of sedentary behavior on musculoskeletal health and physical performance. Methods: after two months of confinement a survey was uploaded and shared on Google's online survey platform. Two research laboratories, University Moulay Ismail, University Ibn Tofail, promoted the survey which was developed on the basis of two questionnaires: the French version of the Nordic questionnaire musculoskeletal disorders and the French version of the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ). Results: out of 384 respondents, 209 (54.4%) were females 124 (32.3%) were between 30-49 years old (6.8%) and 123 (32%) had an underweight and overweight levels, respectively. One hundred and thirty-nine 139 (36.2%) reported sitting more than eight hours. The results of our survey show that many of our respondents had developed some sort of musculoskeletal pain during the confinement. One hundred and sixty two (42.2%) reported to have pain in the lower back region, 108 (28.1%) of participants reported to have pain in the neck region, 93 (28.2%) in the shoulder region, 97 (25.3) - in the upper back region and more women than men reported musculoskeletal pain in more than five regions. The results of our survey also show that 322 (83,9%) of the participants, after two months of confinement, were unable to do high intensity exercises for at least 10 min per day in their usual daytime activity, the prevalence of musculoskeletal pain differed across categories of body mass index (BMI) between males and females, (p<0.05). Conclusion: the results of this study show the existence of musculoskeletal disorders and deterioration in physical performance and strongly recommend the urgent implementation of prevention and remediation interventions.

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INTRODUCTION: Confinement, because of the COVID-19 pandemic, could have problems on the mental health of the population. Teachers responsible for giving distance courses during this period could be psychologically stressed. The aim is to assess the magnitude results of burnout and associated factors among primary school teachers in Kenitra in Morocco during this confinement period. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study, which was conducted during the two months of April and May 2020. Burnout was evaluated by the Maslach Burnout Inventory MBI with 16 items, specific to the context of Moroccan teachers and the factors of stress were assessed using a questionnaire developed by the research team. We used the Chi-square test to determine the association between two qualitative variables anda logistic regression for an overall statistical analysis. RESULTS: The average age was 38.6 ± 9.9 years. The MBI revealed that 68 teachers (54%) were victims of burnout, of which 47 (38%) had a low level; 15 (12%) had a moderate level and six (5%) had a severe burnout. Logistic regression analysis has shown that the risk factors for burnout during this confinement period are: the use and development of skills in new information and communication technologies (p<0,05); work/family conflict (p<0,05); social support (p<0,05); and the workload related to distance education (p≤0,05). CONCLUSION: In light of these results, interventions aimed at promoting mental well-being teachers during and after confinement should be implemented immediately.

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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The nettle is an herbaceous plant belonging to the family of Urticaceae that has been used for centuries against a variety of diseases. Thanks to its high content of nutriments and bioactive compounds. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess the curative effect of nettle decoction on dimethoate-induced changes in locomotors activity and anxiety reaction in male rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This experiment was conducted in two stages with 60 healthy male rats that were divided into three groups of 20 rats A, B and C. In the first phase, the treatment groups B and C received dimethoate dissolved in corn oil by gavage at a dose of 100 mg kg-1 b.wt., for 5 weeks. During the same period, the control group A received corn oil. Locomotors activity was controlled by the Open Field (OF), anxiogenic behavior was verified by the Elevated Plus Maze (EPM). For the second phase the group A had kept its control position, the group B was maintained without any treatment to remind the extent of intoxication and was served as second control. Group C received a nettle decoction of 2 mL 100 mg-1 b.wt., for 30 days. RESULTS: The result showed that at the open field level, dimethoate decreased significantly both of the total number of squares crossed by intoxicated rats and the number of elevations. At the EPM level, dimethoate decreased both of the time spent in open arms and the number of entries into the open arms. These results reveal that dimethoate affects the anxiety and mobility of intoxicated rats. On the other hand, the use of nettle decoction as a treatment significantly improved the anxiety level and motor activity of poisoned rats. CONCLUSION: Dimethoate has an anxiogenic effect on intoxicated rats, as well as a remarkable decrease in their locomotor activity. The use of nettle decoction as a treatment has significantly improved dimethoate induced behavioral and motor disorders.

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UNLABELLED: Anemia is a widespread public health problem in developed and developing nations, and its prevalence is highest among pregnant women. In developing countries, schoolchildren constitute the population with the next-highest prevalence. Because there are few studies of anemia in schoolchildren in Morocco, this study aimed to determine its prevalence and its risk factors among preadolescents. We recruited 306 pupils from seven primary schools; blood samples were taken with their parents' or guardians' consent. We also collected anthropometric data, information about social and demographic characteristics (parent questionnaire) and school attendance and performance. RESULTS: More than 30% of these children had anemia: prevalence did not differ by sex, but was higher among those living in urban environments. Factors related to food behavior, especially diet diversity, appeared to be important. Our results found no relation between anemia and school performance. In the future more detailed cognitive tests should be used for this type of study. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of anemia among schoolchildren is high in the province of Kénitra, and the school health system is weak. Decision-makers have recently become aware of the need for an integrated approach to this age group: schools offer an opportunity for prevention and cure.

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