RESUMEN
AIM: To determine the: prevalence of oral habits in children aged 1-12 years in Ife Central Local Government Area of Osun State Nigeria; association between oral habits and malocclusion in children aged 6-12 years; differences in orthodontic treatment needs of children with and without oral habits and the effect of digit sucking severity on occlusal profile. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study that collected data through a household survey. Information collected included the age, gender, and oral habits of study participants. Intra-oral examination was conducted. The Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) was used to assess orthodontic treatment needs for 6-12-year-old participants. Independent sample t test was used to compare mean DAI scores of participants with and without oral habits. A digit sucking severity index was developed and digit sucking severity was determined. RESULTS: One hundred and thirty (13.1%) study participants had 142 oral habits. The most common oral habit was digit sucking. The most common malocclusion traits were spacing (29.9%), crowding (21.7%) and increased overjet (16.4%). DAI scores were significantly higher in participants with tongue thrusting (p < 0.001) and bruxism (p = 0.01) habits compared with participants without the habits. Among the 67 participants with oral habits, 54 (80.6%) had no need for treatment, 9 (13.4%) needed elective treatment and treatment was mandatory for 4 (6.0%) participants. CONCLUSIONS: Digit sucking was the most frequently practiced oral habit in the study population. Tongue thrusting and bruxism were significantly associated with greater severity of malocclusion in children 6-12 years old when compared with peers who had no habits. Most children with oral habits had no need for treatment.
Asunto(s)
Succión del Dedo , Maloclusión , Niño , Preescolar , Estudios Transversales , Hábitos , Humanos , Lactante , NigeriaRESUMEN
Objectif : Il y a une augmentation globale du besoin et de la demande de traitement orthodontique. L'objectif de cette étude était d'évaluer l'impact de la malocclusion sur la qualité de vie en lien avec la santé buccodentaire chez les patients souhaitant un traitement orthodontique. Matériels et méthodes : Soixante et un patients nécessitant un traitement orthodontique ont complété le questionnaire OHRQoL (Oral Health Related Quality of Life) version anglaise et le questionnaire sur l'impact psychosocial de l'esthétique dentaire (PIDAQ). Les moyennes et écarts-types pour la population d'étude ont été déterminés pour l'ensemble du OHRQoL-UK et du PIDAQ en utilisant des statistiques non-paramétriques avec un niveau de significativité P < 0,05. La corrélation entre les scores globaux et sous-échelles de la qualité de vie faite en utilisant le OHRQoL-UK, le PIDAQ et l'indice esthético-dentaire (DAI) respectivement, a été analysée par la corrélation de Spearman. Résultats : L'augmentation des scores moyens PIDAQ différait significativement avec les grades plus élevés de DAI. Des corrélations faibles à modérées significatives existaient entre les scores globaux des PIDAQ, des SI et des sous-échelles AC et DAI (p ⤠0,01). Il y avait une faible corrélation négative entre l'ensemble des OHRQoL-UK et des PIDAQ qui était significative (r = -0,27, p < 0,05). Une faible corrélation négative significative a été observée entre les sous-échelles psychologique et sociale de OHRQoL-UK et de PIDAQ (p < 0,05).Conclusion : Au fur et à mesure que la gravité de la malocclusion augmentait, l'impact sur OHRQoL devenait plus important tant sur OHRQoL-UK que sur PIDAQ. Une relation faible existe entre OHRQoL-UK et PIDAQ, par conséquent, ces instruments devraient être utilisés pour se compléter
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Maloclusión , Nigeria , Salud Bucal , Ortodoncia , Calidad de VidaRESUMEN
AIMS: To determine the association between use of recommended oral self-care (ROSC) caries prevention tools and presence of dental caries in children resident in suburban Nigeria. METHODOLOGY: Secondary analysis was conducted for a dataset generated for 1-12 years old children recruited through a household survey. Information on use of ROSC caries prevention tools (brushing more than once a day, use of fluoridated toothpaste always, and eating sugary snacks between main meals less than once a day), use of oral health adjuncts (dental floss, mouth rinses, other tooth cleansing agents) and presence of caries were extracted. The odds of having caries when ROSC caries prevention tools were used singly or in combination, were determined using multivariate logistic regression adjusted for age and sex. RESULTS: The single or combined use of ROSC caries prevention tools had no statistically significant association with presence of caries. Brushing more than once a day reduced the odds of having caries while consumption of sugar between meals once a day or more increased the odds of having caries after adjusting for age and gender. The use of two ROSC caries prevention tools reduced the risk for caries (AOR 0.28; 95 % CI 0.05-1.53) when adjusted for age. The converse was observed when adjusted for gender (AOR 1.15; 95 % CI 0.38-3.45). The largest effect size was observed when sugary snacks were taken once a day or more between meals after adjusting for age (AOR 5.74; 95 % CI 0.34-96.11). CONCLUSION: The use of a combination of fluoridated toothpaste and twice-daily tooth brushing had the largest effect on reducing the chance for caries in children resident in Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
Asunto(s)
Cariostáticos/uso terapéutico , Caries Dental/prevención & control , Fluoruros/uso terapéutico , Cepillado Dental , Cariostáticos/economía , Niño , Preescolar , Análisis Costo-Beneficio , Índice CPO , Caries Dental/epidemiología , Femenino , Fluoruros/economía , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Nigeria/epidemiología , Higiene Bucal , Factores de Riesgo , Población SuburbanaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between severity of malocclusion, orthodontic treatment need and oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL) among final year dental students. METHODS: Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ) was used to measure oral health related quality of life impacts associated with dental aesthetics among 99 final year dental students. Dental aesthetics was assessed by the respondents using the Aesthetic Component (AC) scale of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN) and the Perception of Occlusion Scale (POS), participants were also evaluated by an investigator using the AC of IOTN and Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI). Bivariate and Multiple linear regression analysis were used to test the relationship of demographic characteristics (age, gender), self and professional evaluation of malocclusion severity and the four PIDAQ subscales. The criterion for statistical significance was set at the 5 per cent level. RESULTS: A distinct gradient in mean PIDAQ subscale scores was observed which differed significantly according to treatment categories determined by occlusal indices (p < 0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed significant associations between the POS and all the PIDAQ subscales, while the professional rating of the AC scale of IOTN, had a significant association only with the dental self-confidence subscale. CONCLUSION: Perceived psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics is related to severity of malocclusion. The sociodental approach which combines normative and psychosocial perception of occlusion is recommended for routine evaluation of treatment need so that measures of patients' views complement clinical measures.